1,721,011 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Process of Constitutional Decision Making
Get PDFOver the past decade, our profession has engaged in an intense debate over the proper role of judges in the interpretation of our Constitution. This is not, of course, a new controversy. It has been with us ever since Chief Justice Marshall\u27s decision in Marbury v. Madison.\u27 However, during this last decade, the debate has taken on new dimensions. There is a new range and depth to the inquiry. What began as a discussion largely among members of the academic bar and some members of the judiciary has become a national political issue. Yet the basic question remains: In a democratic society, what are the appropriate limitations on the power of an unelected judiciary to interpret the fundamental political document of that society—the Constitution
In Memoriam: Warren E. Burger
Get PDFFor five years, I had the privilege of working by Warren Burger\u27s side; for a quarter of a century, he was a mentor and a friend. Together, we saw the tragedy of Watergate, the resulting tapes case, and the possible impeachment of a President. Together, we walked Washington, ate together, shopped together, and spoke of every possible subject. This past June, I stood beside him for the last time as he lay in state in the Great Hall of the Supreme Court of the United States
The Judge and the Academic Community
Get PDFIn the inaugural essay of this series, Judge Coffin described this unique effort of the editors of the Ohio State Law Journal as an opportunity for judges to engage in reflective self-examination in a time of remorselessly increasing pressures on the judicial way of life as it has existed since the founding of the Republic. When any institution—public or private—is experiencing great stress and, consequently, is in danger of undergoing cataclysmic change, the quality of its relationships with the other institutions with which it regularly interacts can determine its ability to deal effectively with the pressures. If those other institutions are supportive, stress can be eased; change can be more orderly and, most importantly, the essential traditions of the besieged institution can remain intact.
In the following paragraphs, I shall explore what appear to me to be the key features of the relationship between the bench and the academic community. I shall also identify several areas where, in my view, misunderstandings need to be laid to rest, pitfalls avoided, and, more importantly, the potential for improvement enhanced
Article V and the Proposed Federal Constitutional Convention Procedures Bills
Get PDFArticle V of the United States Constitution sets forth the respective powers of the states and Congress in the amendment process. At first blush, the amendment process outlined in article V appears uncomplicated and straightforward. Congress can propose amendments and determine whether ratification will be accomplished by state legislatures or state conventions. Three-fourths of the state legislatures or state conventions must ratify a proposed amendment before it becomes part of the Constitution. The history of the amendment process confirms the apparent simplicity of that provision of article V which empowers Congress to propose amendments. To date, all twenty-six amendments have been proposed by Congress and all but one have been ratified by state legislatures.
Article V, however, also provides that Congress on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments. This short statement raises important but heretofore unanswered questions about the calling and conduct of a national convention to propose amendments. For example, what constitutes a valid application by a state legislature for a national convention? What procedures must a state follow in submitting an application? Must the precise language of the proposed amendment be included within the application? How similar must the language be in the applications of various states in order to permit Congress to count them? How long does an application by a state remain valid? May a state rescind its application? If so, under what conditions? What is the extent of Congress\u27 power to review state applications? What institution of government controls the agenda of the convention-the state legislatures, Congress, the convention itself? May Congress refuse to submit the work product of the convention to the states for ratification and, if so, under what circumstances? How will delegates to the convention be selected? How will votes at the convention be counted? How will other procedures for the conduct of the convention be established? How will the convention be financed? If Congress assumes the power to answer some or all of these questions, are its determinations subject to review by any other institution of government, such as the courts
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