1,721,051 research outputs found
Larvae drift simulations of the Pacific oyster in Skagerrak – influence of climate change on larvae development, survival and dispersal
Full text linkWe have investigated the extent to which warmer climate in recent years has led to greater opportunities for successful spreading of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) larvae from Danish and Swedish coastal areas to Norway, by simulating larval dispersal and survival using a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model and ocean climate for the years 1990, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2007 and 2010. We have also investigated temporal trends in sea surface temperature in Skagerrak in the period 1990-2014. The main finding is that the temperature increase since 1990 of ca 1.6ºC implies adequate temperature conditions for successful larvae development and transport from Danish and Swedish coastal areas and survival at landing sites along the Norwegian Skagerrak coast in warm years following 2000. The 19ºC temperature isocline in August has moved at least 125 km northwards along the Swedish western coast in Skagerrak since 1990
Marinbiologiske undersøkelser ved Hovedøya april-2008
Full text linkNorsk Institutt for Vannforskning (NIVA) ble engasjert av Oslo kommune Friluftsetaten til å undersøke hvilke marinbiologiske kvaliteter som finnes i Hovedøybukta ved Hovedøya som grunnlag for vurdering av nødvendige tiltak og hensyn knyttet til den planlagte oppryddingen av forurenset sediment. Det er påvist høye konsentrasjoner av miljøgifter i området, noe som er ansett som svært skadelige for marine organismer. Det ble funnet et relativt rikt dyreliv i bukten, både med hensyn til antall arter og antall individer. Dette tilsier stor mulighet for spredning av miljøgifter gjennom næringskjeder til både fisk og fugl. Det ble observert to arter som står på Norsk Rødliste, sandskjell (Mya arenaria) og sukkertare (Saccharina latissima). Vi anser det som nødvendig å rydde opp i de giftige sedimentene i området. Våre anbefalinger er å bruke de mest skånsomme mudringsmetoder og at det brukes siltskjørt for å minske partikkelbelastningen på de nærliggende dypere områdene med observerte biologiske verdier. Videre anbefaler vi at mudringen bør foregå om vinteren når den biologiske aktiviten er lav. Vi har pekt ut dypere områder nær det aktuelle mudringsområdet med forekomst av spesielle arter som tilsier ekstra hensyn ved mudringsarbeidet. Ved å unngå mudring i en buffersone rundt skjæret som har et relativt tynt sedimentlag med miljøgifter, vil en kunne sikre en kilde til spredning og reetablering av de mer følsomme bløtbunnsartene og av sandskjell. Denne buffersonen og kilde til spredning vil kunne økes ytterligere ved å unngå å mudre dypere enn 5 m dyp. For å ta vare på sukkertarepopulasjonen i området anbefaler vi å flytte og tilbakeføre sukkertareplanter.Oslo kommune, Friluftsetate
Development of methodology for monitoring alien marine species
No full textPå oppdrag fra Miljødirektoratet har vi undersøkt forekomst av marine fremmede arter i Oslofjorden for å utvikle en kostnadseffektiv metode for tidlig varsling av nye arter, og for overvåking av spredning og effekter av et utvalg av marine fremmede arter. De utvalgte artene er stillehavsøsters, japansk drivtang og japansk spøkelseskreps. Kartleggingsmetoder testet inkluderer RAS(«Rapid Assessment Survey), UV-kameraundersøkelser, strandvandring, ruteanalyser i fjæra og dykking. Rapporten inkluderer et forslag til tidlig varsling basert på RAS-metodikken og oppfølging av tidligere undersøkte båthavner, samt overvåking av bestandsutvikling til stillehavsøsters og spredning av japansk drivtang.We have in this study examined the occurrence of marine alien species in the Oslo fjord to develop a cost-effective method for early warning of new alien species, and of monitoring the spread and ecological effects of some selected alien species.Miljødirektorate
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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