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Sardinia: Mycovisions from a charming land
Full text linkSardinia is a large island (24.100 km2 , the 48th largest in the world) placed in the middle of the Mediterranean basin. Home to extensive sclerophyllous forests and a range of other vegetation types, the island hosts thousands of macrofungi, many of which are linked through ectomycorrhizal (ECM) symbiosis to trees, shrubs and herbs. Despite this rich diversity, however, our knowledge of Sardinian mycota is still superficial, as relatively few studies have been devoted to this topic. One of the reasons behind this lack of interest is probably the traditional mycophoby of Sardinian people, who until recently did collect and consume only a handful of wild edible mushrooms, and used a few more as medical remedies and for other purposes. This article provides a precise account of the current status of knowledge of Sardinia macrofungi, with a special focus on ECM species. We also report on the recent change of attitude of Sardinians towards mushrooms, with their sharp rise in popularity as food, but also as crucial ecological actors, and discuss relevant consequences
Biomimetic metalloporphines and metalloporphyrins as potential tools for delignification: Molecular mechanisms and application perspectives
No full textLignin is a recalcitrant polymer arising from addition polymerization of phenylpropanoid units via an oxidative, enzyme-catalyzed radical mechanism. Lignin removal is a serious technological challenge in wood-related industries such as pulping for paper production. In this review, some outstanding aspects in lignin biosynthesis and structure are depicted; also the commonly used industrial protocols for pulp delignification are described, with special emphasis on their molecular aspects. A discussion is presented concerning the known chemical mechanisms of enzyme-catalyzed delignification by white-rot fungi. Biomimetic and bioinspired synthetic metalloporphines show monooxygenase/peroxygenase-like catalytic activity, being quite more versatile catalysts than ligninolytic enzymes (being capable only of one-electron oxidations). The advantages of this behavior are encompassed with an in-depth discussion about the molecular aspects of their action mechanisms, the possible oxygen donors, and the known oxidizable substrates. Limitations and perspectives about their practical use at an industrial scale in delignification processes are discussed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Interaction of the antimicrobial peptides temporins with model biomembranes. Comparison of temporin B and temporin L
No full textCopper-promoted overall transformation of 4-tert-butylphenol to its para-hydroxyquinone derivative, 2-hydroxy-5-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone. Biomimetic studies on the generation of topaquinone in copper amine oxidases
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