1,721,015 research outputs found
Resource Exploitation of the Upper Khabur Basin (NE Syria) during the 3rd Millennium BC
No full textA dataset of 908 tells, 1823 radial lines and streams in the Upper Khabur Basin was produced by digitizing CORONA satellite images. Several analyses are applied to this database in order to understand the hydrological and agrarian contexts of tells that were occupied mainly in the mid 3rd millennium BC. A strong alignment of tell sites along wadis is observed, which may explain the building of settlements upwards. The analysis of radial lines with exaggerated 3D-SRTM data indicates that, in most cases, they are unlikely to have been used as an irrigation system, but rather may be hollow ways with sometimes fade-out points delineating the end of cultivation zones. This is supported by a comparison between cultivation zones based on hollow ways and calculations of the necessary amount of land starting from the tell sizes. Resource exploitation calculations indicate that the area was not overexploited during the mid 3rd millennium BC and that tribute ca 2300 BC may have been a reason for land overexploitation, perhaps playing a role in settlement disruptions between 2200 and 1900 BC.Une base de données comprenant 908 tells et 1823 lignes radiales et cours d’eau a été réalisée pour le bassin du Haut Khabur, en digitalisant des images-satellites CORONA. Plusieurs analyses ont été menées à partir de cette base de données afin de comprendre les contextes hydrologiques et agraires des tells répertoriés, tells qui furent principalement occupés au milieu du IIIe millénaire avant J.-C. Les sites sont majoritairement localisés le long des wadis, ce qui peut expliquer pourquoi les installations étaient établies sur des hauteurs. L’étude des lignes radiales, à partir de données 3D-SRTM exagérées, indique que, dans la plupart des cas, elles ne constituaient probablement pas un système d’irrigation, mais qu’il s’agissait plutôt de «chemins creux», parfois sans issue, dont le maillage délimite des zones cultivées. Cette hypothèse est appuyée par une comparaison entre l’étendue des zones cultivées (en se basant sur les lignes radiales) et la quantité de terre agricole nécessaire, calculée à partir de la taille des sites. Le calcul des ressources nécessaires indique que le Haut Khabur n’était pas surexploité au milieu du IIIe millénaire avant J.-C. Cependant, le tribut dû aux environs de 2300 avant J.-C. peut avoir été la cause d’un déséquilibre dans les ressources disponibles, jouant alors un rôle dans l’abandon de certains sites entre 2200 et 1900 avant J.-C.Deckers Katleen, Riehl Simone. Resource Exploitation of the Upper Khabur Basin (NE Syria) during the 3rd Millennium BC. In: Paléorient, 2008, vol. 34, n°2. pp. 173-189
An Evaluation of Botanical Assemblages from the Third to Second Millennium B.C. in Northern Syria
No full textL'analyse de plus de 55000 restes botaniques provenant de trois sites de l'Âge du Bronze de Syrie du Nord - Tell Mozan, Emar, Tell Jerablus Tahtani - apporte de nouveaux éléments de compréhension des conditions environnementales régionales avant et après l'"effondrement" des civilisations de l'Âge du Bronze Ancien. Les restes botaniques de Tell Mozan et Tell Jerablus indiquent une distribution de la forêt ouverte de chênes caducifoliés plus méridionale en Syrie du Nord qu 'aujourd'hui. À Tell Mozan, les charbons des couches datées entre 2250 et 2100 B.C. enregistrent une aridification climatique. Bien que non identifiée à partir des assemblages de charbons, la courte amélioration climatique de 2100-2000 B.C. est présente dans les résultats d'analyses de graines et de restes de fruits, plus précisément dans ceux qui indiquent une plus grande humidité ; et dans les grains de blé nu. À partir du Bronze Moyen (c-à-d. 2000-1800 B.C.), l'ubiquité et les pourcentages de restes de chênes caducifoliés diminuent à Tell Mozan, en relation avec une probable dégradation de la végétation forestière d'origine anthropique. À Emar, les échantillons de charbons indiquent que la forêt steppique naturelle de pistachiers-amandiers était déjà fortement dégradée dans la région du Moyen- Euphrate à la fin du Bronze Ancien, sous l'effet d'impacts soit anthropiques soit climatiques. La ripisylve des bords de l'Euphrate était plus luxuriante qu'aujourd'hui, avec une plus grande variété de taxons, dont des peupliers, saules, tamaris, aulnes, frênes, platanes et des ormes. À Emar pendant le Bronze Moyen, l'augmentation constatée du ratio tamaris-peupliers/saules est à mettre en relation avec des conditions climatiques plus sèches et l'expansion des cultures irriguées également soulignées par l'évolution des restes de fruits et les graines.Deckers Katleen, Riehl Simone. An Evaluation of Botanical Assemblages from the Third to Second Millennium B.C. in Northern Syria. In: Sociétés humaines et changement climatique à la fin du troisième millénaire: une crise a-t-elle eu lieu en Haute Mésopotamie? Actes du Colloque de Lyon (5-8 décembre 2005) Istanbul : Institut Français d'Études Anatoliennes-Georges Dumézil, 2007. pp. 481-502. (Varia Anatolica, 19
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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