1,720,985 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Produção e avaliação de um scFv bloqueador da integrina VLA-4 como potencial biofármaco para o tratamento de doenças inflamatórias crônicas
No full textA integrina Α4β1, ou VLA-4, é uma proteína heterodimérica transmembranar presente, principalmente, na superfície de linfócitos T e monócitos. Por mediar a transmigração dessas células a partir do endotélio para o sítio inflamatório, a integrina VLA-4 está criticamente relacionada com a maioria das doenças inflamatórias crônicas, tais como a esclerose múltipla. O Natalizumabe é o único anticorpo terapêutico capaz de reconhecer essa integrina. No entanto, além de não ser específico para a integrina Α4β1, em alguns pacientes, o tratamento com esse anticorpo pode resultar na recrudescência de uma doença chamada leucoencefalopatia multifocal progressiva. Nesse contexto, decidimos produzir um fragmento de anticorpo, do tipo scFv, capaz de reconhecer especificamente a integrina VLA-4 e avaliar sua funcionalidade. A sequência nucleotídica do scFv foi determinada previamente por técnicas de biologia computacional, clonada e expressa em Escherichia coli As moléculas de scFv foram produzidas na forma de corpos de inclusão, solubilizadas em ureia e submetidas à purificação através de cromatografia de afinidade. Após renaturação, a pureza da proteína foi superior a 90 % e o rendimento de 24,6 mg/L. Os ensaios funcionais iniciais demonstraram que o scFv é capaz de promover a adesão de células T da linhagem Jurkat sobre superfícies sensibilizadas com o mesmo, além de reduzir a transmigração dessas células sobre superfície recobertas com ligantes da integrina VLA-4. Experimentos de ELISA (do inglês, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) com VLA-4 sugerem que há um reconhecimento da integrina mediado pelo scFv. Experimentos realizados sob fluxo demonstraram que o scFv reduz a frequência de adesão de linfócitos T primários sobre ligantes de VLA-4, mas não altera o perfil de migração ou motilidade dessas células. Além disso, o scFv modulou o padrão de distribuição de fosfo-tirosinas de linfócitos T CD8 ativados por anti-CD3 e fibronectina. Em conjunto, os dados apresentados mostram que o scFv desenvolvido interage com e bloqueia funções da integrina VLA-4, sugerindo potencial utilização desse fragmento de anticorpo para fins terapêuticos.The α4β1 integrin or VLA-4 (Very Late Antigen 4) is a heterodimeric transmembrane protein mainly found on the surface of T lymphocytes and monocytes. Due to the VLA-4 role in the cell transmigration from the endothelium to the inflammatory site, this integrin is critically related to chronic inflammatory diseases, as Multiple Sclerosis. Natalizumab is the only therapeutic antibody able to recognize this integrin. However, because the unspecificity for α4β1 integrin, in some patients, the Natalizumab application can result in the recrudescence of the Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy disease. In this context, we decided to produce an scFv antibody fragment able to recognize specifically the VLA-4 integrin and to evaluate its functionality. The scFv nucleotide sequence was previously designed by computational biology tools and then was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The scFv molecules were produced as inclusion bodies, solubilized with buffer containing urea, and submitted to purification through affinity chromatography. After the refolding step, the protein purity was higher than 90 % with a yield of 24.6 mg/mL. After production volume increase, 6 mg of scFv were obtained for the functional evaluation. The first functional assays showed that the scFv could promote the adhesion of T cells (Jurkat lineage), on surfaces coated with the scFv. Besides that, it reduced the transmigration of these cells over surfaces coated with VLA-4 ligands. ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) assays suggested that there is an interaction between the scFv and VLA-4. Experiments performed under flow conditions showed that the scFv reduced the adhesion frequency of primary T lymphocytes over VLA-4 ligands, but it does not affect the cell migration or motility profile. Furthermore, the scFv interfered the pattern of distribution of actin and phospho-tyrosine in T CD8+ activated by anti-CD3 and fibronectin. Our data demonstrate that the scFv interacts with the VLA-4 integrin, and blocks some effector functions, indicating a potential application of this antibody fragment for therapeutic strategies.2500-12-3
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