1,721,057 research outputs found
The Efficacy of Psychological Interventions for Child and Adolescent PTSD: A Network Meta-Analysis
No full textTowards a cognitive-behavioral model of PTSD in children and adolescents
Full text linkAbstract Post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents has been studied only for the past 15 to 20 years and is the subject of a burgeoning corpus of research. Much research has focused on examining whether children and adolescents have the same responses to trauma as those experienced by adults. Many of the research tools used to investigate children's responses are taken from measures designed for use with adults, and these measures have proven to be useful. However, it has not been established that children's responses to traumatic events are related to the same underlying processes as adults' responses. The possible application of two recent cognitive models of PTSD in adults to understanding PTSD in children and adolescents is discussed in this article, within the context of what is already known about children's reaction to trauma and existing theoretical accounts of childhood PTSD. Particular attention is paid towards the nature of children's memories of traumatic events and how these memories relate to the re-experiencing symptoms of PTSD, and cognitive processes that may play a role in the maintenance of PTSD. It is proposed that the adoption of a more specific cognitive-behavioral framework in the study of this disorder may be beneficial and lead to better treatment outcomes
A pragmatic randomized controlled trial of cognitive therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents exposed to multiple traumatic stressors: the DECRYPT trial
No full textSupplementary informatio
The efficacy of psychological interventions for adult post-traumatic stress disorder following exposure to single versus multiple traumatic events: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Full text linkBackground: Previous meta-analyses of psychological interventions for adult post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) did not investigate whether efficacy is diminished in individuals with PTSD related to multiple (vs single) traumatic events. We aimed to assess whether treatment efficacy would be lower in randomised controlled trials involving multiple-event-related PTSD versus single-event-related PTSD. Methods: For this meta-analysis, we searched PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and PTSDpubs from database inception to April 18, 2023. Randomised controlled trials involving adult clinical samples (≥70% meeting full PTSD criteria) with adequate size (≥10 participants per arm) were included. We extracted data on trial characteristics, demographics, and outcome data. Random-effects meta-analyses were run to summarise standardised mean differences (Hedges' g). Trials involving 100% of participants with single-event-related PTSD versus at least 50% of participants with multiple-event-related PTSD (ie, associated with ≥two traumatic events) were categorised. Quality of evidence was assessed using the Cochrane criteria. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023407754). Findings: Overall, 137 (85%) of 161 randomised controlled trials were included in the quantitative synthesis, comprising 10 684 participants with baseline data and 9477 with post-treatment data. Of those randomly assigned, 5772 (54%) of 10 692 participants identified as female, 4917 (46%) as male, and three (<1%) as transgender or other. 34 (25%) of 137 trials exclusively involved women, 15 (11%) trials exclusively involved men, and the remainder were mixed samples. Mean age across the trials was 40·2 years (SD 9·0) ranging from 18·0 years to 65·4 years. 23 (17%) of 137 trials involved participants from low-income and middle-income countries (23 [17%] of 137). Data on ethnicity were not extracted. At treatment endpoint, psychological interventions were highly effective for PTSD when compared with passive control conditions in both samples with single-event-related PTSD (Hedges' g 1·04 [95% CI 0·77–1·31]; n=11; I2=43%) and multiple-event-related PTSD (Hedges’ g 1·13 [0·90–1·35]; n=55, I2=87%), with no efficacy difference between these categories (p=0·48). Heterogeneity between studies was substantial but outlier-corrected analysis yielded similar results. Moderate-sized effects were found compared with active control conditions with no significant difference between single-trauma and multiple-trauma trials. Results were robust in various sensitivity analyses (eg, 90% cutoff for multiple-trauma trials) and analyses of follow-up data. The quality of evidence was moderate to high. Interpretation: Contrary to our hypothesis, we found strong evidence that psychological interventions are highly effective treatments for PTSD in patients with a history of multiple traumatic events. Results are encouraging for clinical practice and could counteract common misconceptions regarding treatment and treatment barriers
PTSD Prediction and Risk Interactions Among Trauma-Exposed Children and Adolescents: a Machine Learning Application
No full textHow does the phenotype of children and adolescents diagnosed with PTSD relate to hearing voices?
No full textADHD Medications and Mental Health Review
No full textA systematic review and meta-analysis of anxiety and depression outcome measures in drug trials of medications for ADHD in children and adolescents
ADHD Medications and Mental Health Review
No full textA systematic review and meta-analysis of anxiety and depression outcome measures in drug trials of medications for ADHD in children and adolescents
Trauma Narrative in Children and Adolescents Following Injury: A Natural Language Processing Study
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