163 research outputs found
Securities: An analysis of Howey test in the operational dynamics of virtual currency
No full textThe rise of the digital information age brought the term virtual currency. Virtual currency is a foreign concept. An online community of users create this digital money. To date, there are small and medium enterprises in the country which are using this kind of technology. As a consequence, their transactions became more efficient, and effective in delivering their goods and services to their consumers. The result of this virtual currency usage especially remittances among overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) gave rise to a regulation of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) through its issuance of Circular no. 944, Series of 2017. In the Philippine legal definition, virtual currency does not attain a precise meaning. However, resolutions from the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) although they do not form part of the Philippine law classified virtual currencies as securities. In particular, SEC concluded that it passed the Howey Test.1 Thus, the author proposed that virtual currency is an investment contract. In this paper, the author sought to focus on the legal and operational dynamics of virtual currencies. The author asserts that virtual currency is a security classified as investment contracts passing the Howey Test2. The 1 In re: Black Cell Technology, Inc, et. al., SEC CDO Case No. 01-18-046 2 Howey Test is a United States Supreme Court decision from SEC v. W.J. Howey Co. within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933. This is an important case in determining the general applicability of the federal securities law. The decision was adopted by the Philippine Supreme Court in -i- 4 - incorporation of decided cases and legal principles of the Philippine Supreme Court would give the legal meaning of virtual currency in the local context. Passing the Howey Test, virtual currencies are required to be registered pursuant to Section 8 of the Securities Regulation Code. Chapter One discussed the background of the study, thesis and problem statement, and objective. Chapter Two defined terminologies related to the study. Chapter Three discussed the related literature of virtual currencies as electronic in form, and as an investment contract. Chapter Three provided for the analysis. Chapter Four discussed the conclusion. Lastly, Chapter Five recommended that virtual currency is a security under the realm of the Philippine legal context
Plan validation and mixed-initiative planning in space operations
No full textBringing artificial intelligence planning and scheduling applications into the real world is a hard task that is receiving more attention every day by researchers and practitioners from many fields. In many cases, it requires the integration of several underlying techniques like planning, scheduling, constraint satisfaction, mixed-initiative planning and scheduling, temporal reasoning, knowledge representation, formal models and languages, and technological issues. Most papers included in this book are clear examples on how to integrate several of these techniques. Furthermore, the book also covers many interesting approaches in application areas ranging from industrial job shop to electronic tourism, environmental problems, virtual teaching or space missions. This book also provides powerful techniques that allow to build fully deployable applications to solve real problems and an updated review of many of the most interesting areas of application of these technologies, showing how powerful these technologies are to overcome the expresiveness and efficiency problems of real world problems
Validating plans with continuous effects
No full textA critical element in the use of PDDL2.1, the modelling language developed for the International Planning Competition series, has been the common understanding of the semantics of the language. The fact that this has been implemented in plan validation software was vital to the progress of the competition. However, the validation of plans using actions with continuous effects presents new challenges (that precede the challenges presented by planning with those effects). In this paper we review the need for continuous effects, their semantics and the problems that arise in validation of plans that include them. We report our progress in implementing the semantics in an extended version of the plan validation software
Confirmation of the superior performance of the causal Graphical Analysis Using Genetics (cGAUGE) pipeline in comparison to various competing alternatives
No full text\ua9 2022 Howey R and Cordell HJ. Various methods exist that utilise information from genetic predictors to help identify potential causal relationships between measured biological or clinical traits. Here we conduct computer simulations to investigate the performance of a recently proposed causal Graphical Analysis Using Genetics (cGAUGE) pipeline, used as a precursor to Mendelian randomization analysis, in comparison to our previously proposed Bayesian Network approach for addressing this problem. We use the same simulation (and analysis) code as was used by the developers of cGAUGE, adding in a comparison with the Bayesian Network approach. Overall, we find the optimal method (in terms of giving high power and low false discovery rate) is the cGAUGE pipeline followed by subsequent analysis using the MR-PRESSO Mendelian randomization approach
Climate Change, Sea-Level Rise, and the Vulnerable Cultural Heritage of Coastal New Hampshire
No full textIn this brief, author Meghan Howey examines the impact of climate change and sea-level rise on the vulnerable cultural heritage of coastal New Hampshire. Coastal New Hampshire has been identified by scientists and recognized by policy makers as an area experiencing many of the effects of climate change, including increasing temperatures and rising sea levels. The continued trajectory of such change places the seacoast region at a very high risk of coastal flooding today and of coastal land submersions within the next 50 to 100 years. Coastal New Hampshire stands to lose 14 percent of its known prehistoric and historic cultural heritage sites, including twelve sites on the National Register of Historic Places, to sea-level rise. These losses would negatively impact the region’s robust tourist economy. More than 80 known historic cemeteries are at risk of damage or complete destruction by sea-level rise. The potential damage to unknown, yet-to-be discovered burial grounds is also of concern. Communities across the region face difficult questions about what they are willing to lose and what efforts they are able and willing to make to protect vulnerable cultural heritage sites and graveyards from sea-level rise. Given the significance of these cultural heritage sites in coastal New Hampshire and the disproportionate contributions they make to the state’s revenue, these questions must addressed head-on, and continued analyses, discussions, and policy development will be important for addressing the vulnerability of the region’s cultural heritage
Exploration of the robustness of plans
No full textThis paper considers the problem of stochastic robustness testing for plans. Although plan generation systems might be proven sound the resulting plans are valid only with respect to the abstract domain model. It is well-understood that unforseen execution-time variations, both in the effects of actions and in the times at which they occur, can result in a valid plan failing to execute correctly. Other authors have investigated the stochastic validity of plans with ondeterministic action outcomes. In this paper we focus on the uncertainty that arises as a result of inaccuracies in the measurement of time and other numeric quantities. We describe a probing strategy that produces a stochastic estimate of the robustness of a temporal plan. This strategy is based on Gupta, Henzinger and Jagadeesan's (Gupta, Henzinger, and Jagadeesan 1997) notion of the 'fuzzy' robustness of traces through timed hybrid automata
(501853) Richard Taylor Nelson Howey [Howey-Taylor]
No full textThis three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria
Olsen, Howey, and Owen 1 DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL GIS PORTAL WITH TRANSIT DATA Corresponding Author
No full textABSTRACT The New River Valley (NRV) Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) recently launched a project creating a regional GIS portal in support of transit planning initiatives. The purpose of the project is to improve connections between transit providers and other modes of transportation, and to assist on-going and future transportation planning efforts at the local and regional scale. The project was conducted in two phases. Phase I included meetings with stakeholders to assess regional needs and to discuss transit-planning processes, GIS technologies, and existing data sources. Several stakeholder agencies collaborated to share transit-related data, which was cataloged and edited for public consumption. Phase II made transit data available to the public. The MPO partnered with the NRV Planning District Commission (PDC) to host the transit data on a FTP site. Using ArcGIS Online, an interactive web map was created featuring route and stop layers for the four fixed-route providers in the region. The project provided an outlet for important discussions between regional transit stakeholders and led to increased communication and collaboration between agencies. A regional transit GIS portal was created to share transit data featuring links to the FTP site, web map and additional resources regarding the MPO project
Ezra Pound and the rhetoric of science, 1901-1922
No full textThis thesis identifies science as Ezra Pound’s first extended extra-poetic interest.
This reference to science in Pound’s poetic theory and poetry is portrayed as rhetoric, with
its emphasis on the linguistic signifier or word rather than the actual concepts and data of
science. The material covers over two decades between 1901, when Pound entered
university, and 1922, after he left London. Beginning with Pound’s exposure to philology,
the thesis establishes a correlation between his educational background and his use of
scientific rhetoric in his prose. As he attempted to establish a professional status for the
poet, he used metaphors linking literature to the natural sciences and comparisons between
the poet and the scientist. Additionally, Pound attempted to organize poetic movements that
resembled the professional scientific organizations that were beginning to form in America.
In his writings promoting these movements, Pound developed a hygienic theory of poetry—
itself an extensive rhetorical project—which produced a clean, bare poem and further linked
Pound’s poetic output with the sciences. Beyond his rhetorical use of science, Pound
attempted to study the sciences and even adopted a doctor persona for his friends with
illnesses—both diagnosing and prescribing cures. When Pound was planning to leave
London, he also considered entering medical school—a biographical fact to which Pound
scholarship has paid little attention. His decision not to formally study the sciences
reinforced his identity as a poet and his representations of scientific knowledge as mere
rhetoric. This interest in the sciences, and medicine in particular, influenced Pound’s poetry
and prose because of their frequent references and their alignment with literature.
Additionally, this early use of rhetoric and an exploration into extra-poetic materials
prepares Pound for his later, better-known and often infamous explorations of economics
and social theory
Effect of the initial dose of foot-and-mouth disease virus on the early viral dynamics within pigs
No full textThis paper investigates the early viral dynamics of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) within infected pigs. Using an existing within-host model, we investigate whether individual variation can be explained by the effect of the initial dose of FMD virus. To do this, we consider the experimental data on the concentration of FMD virus genomes in the blood (viral load). In this experiment, 12 pigs were inoculated with one of three different doses of FMD virus: low; medium; or high. Measurements of the viral load were recorded over a time course of approximately 11 days for every 8 hours. The model is a set of deterministic differential equations with the following variables: viral load; virus in the interstitial space; and the proportion of epithelial cells available for infection, infected and uninfected. The model was fitted to the data for each animal individually and also simultaneously over all animals varying only the initial dose. We show that the general trend in the data can be explained by varying only the initial dose. The higher the initial dose the earlier the development of a detectable viral loa
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