130,393 research outputs found
Due casi di osteoma del seno frontale dalla necropoli romana di Collatina di età imperiale (I-III d.C.)
No full textGhost Particle Velocimetry as an alternative to ΜPIV for micro/milli-fluidic devices
No full textGhost Particle Velocimetry (GPV) has only been recently introduced and has already been proven useful in small scale phenomena investigations, such as the study of the flow field during single droplets generation in microfluidic devices. In this work, GPV was used to experimentally investigate fluid flow close to a T-shaped branched junction in a millimetre sized device. The experimental setup allowed for the first time, the study of complex fluid dynamic structures such as vortices and recirculation zones. Several experiments were performed to exploit the capability of GPV in carrying out flow field measurements, at different Reynolds numbers within the laminar flow regime and for two channel sizes. The results were validated by verifying the steady state and stability conditions and by comparing them with results obtained using the well-established micron-scale Particle Image Velocimetry (μPIV). Differences between these two velocimetry techniques were analysed in terms of qualitative and quantitative parameters, to attain a performance comparison and understand the strengths and weaknesses of each respective method
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Un caso di osteoartropatia ipertrofica secondaria dalla Toscana medievale
No full textScavi archeologici condotti presso il sito medievale di Pava (Siena) hanno riportato alla luce i resti di una pieve con annessa una vasta area funeraria risalente al X-XII secolo. Tra i resti scheletrici, un individuo maschile di 35-45 anni mostra evidenze patologiche caratterizzate da diffuse reazioni ossee periostali che interessano le regioni diafisarie e metafisarie delle ossa lunghe degli arti superiori e inferiori in maniera simmetrica. Gli arti inferiori risultano maggiormente colpiti rispetto agli arti superiori. La TC evidenzia la presenza di molteplici strati di apposizione di nuovo tessuto osseo, mentre la superficie corticale e il canale midollare appaiono normali. Le caratteristiche macroscopiche e radiologiche suggeriscono una probabile diagnosi di osteoartropatia ipertrofica (HOA), una condizione caratterizzata da una anomala proliferazione di tessuto cutaneo e periostale delle estremità. La forma primaria è di origine genetica ed è molto rara, mentre la forma secondaria, molto più frequente, è causata da numerose patologie, tra cui le più comuni sono di origine polmonare. Nel caso qui presentato, il marcato spessore periostale degli arti inferiori e la coesistenza di lesioni riparate e in fase attiva suggeriscono una forma secondaria di HOA conseguente ad una condizione cronica preesistente. Alcune lesioni serpentiformi osservate sul tavolo interno del cranio potrebbero indicare una meningite tubercolare, suggerendo quindi un'origine polmonare di HOA
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
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