1,721,005 research outputs found
Art as therapy
No full textUsing art as a healing medium dates back to ancient times: most ancient cultures, in particular, used the seemingly magical power of music to affect health and behaviour.
Nowadays, art therapy is a recognised profession, employed in many clinical and other settings and training courses are run by colleges and universities: a second level degree program of "Theory and Practice of Art Therapy", for instance, is offered by the Brera Fine Arts Academy of Milan, one of the most important art education institutions in Italy.
Numerous doctors and nurses witnesses the effect art-based interventions have in reducing adverse physiological and psychological outcomes, but at a time when there is growing pressure to show evidence of good practice there is a legitimate quest for sound research supporting its use in clinical practice.
Focus of this presentation will be a review of the relevant literature and the presentation of the state of the debate between the community of art-therapists and the sceptical world outside the discipline
Apoplessia addominale o emorragia intraperitoneale spontanea idiopatica: un caso di morte improvvisa da emoperitoneo massivo associato a cirrosi epatica
No full textL'emoperitoneo è una condizione solitamente derivante da una rottura o da una perforazione di un vaso sanguigno o di un organo della cavità addominale; può essere causato da un trauma, da una patologia vascolare primitiva, quale la rottura di un'aneurisma, o secondaria, come nel caso di erosione di una parete vasale da parte di un tumore. Può, tuttavia, essere anche idiopatica e, in tale caso, si parla di apoplessia addominale o di emorragia intraperitoneale spontanea idiopatica.
Questa condizione particolare si riferisce ad una emorragia che insorge spontaneamente in seguito a rottura di uno dei vasi sanguigni addominali di minori dimensioni, escludendo la presenza di altre origini del sanguinamento, quali un'aneurisma o una dissecazione aortica, tumori maligni, patologie ginecologiche e traumi. Si tratta di un evento raro che colpisce prevalentemente il sesso maschile e la quinta-sesta decade di età'^' e, in circa il 20-30% dei casi, non è possibile individuare l'origine del sanguinamento.
Gli Autori descrivono un caso di morte improvvisa occorsa ad un uomo di 49 anni con anamnesi patologica negativa e che non ha subito alcun trauma nei giorni precedenti il decesso; l'esame autoptico ha rilevato presenza di emoperitoneo massivo (4650 mi di sangue fluido nel cavo addominale) associato ad un quadro di cirrosi epatica, senza tuttavia permettere di individuare, nonostante un'accurata analisi dei vasi e dei visceri del distretto addominale, l'origine del sanguinamento. Gli Autori hanno identificato la causa della morte in una anemia meta-emorragica da emorragia intra-addominale idiopatica spontanea associata a cirrosi epatica, condizione che, se pur descritta dalla letteratura di settore, è considerata estremamente rara
Recreational inhalation of butane and propane in adolescents: two forensic cases of accidental death
No full textThe recreational use of inhalants is a fairly widespread habit among adolescents because of the ease of availability and methods of assumption. Their use is however not free of risks, both for direct toxicity on several target organs and for a mechanism of gas replacement with lack of oxygen. The first case concerns a 12-year-old boy who died suddenly after sniffing a mix of butane and propane contained in a can of air freshener. The second case concerns a 14-year-old boy who died by acute poisoning by the same mixture contained in a refill for lighters. High concentrations of the compounds were found in the tissues by analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The compounds found in tissues and biological fluids were perfectly compatible with those contained in the containers used for the inhalation. The mechanisms of death were therefore assessed in a combination of the direct toxicity of the compound and oxygen replacement, thus highlighting the crucial help that toxicological analyses can provide in such cases
Analisi di tre casi di suicidio con multiple lesioni da arma bianca: risultanze autoptiche e diagnostica differenziale tra omicidio e suicidio
No full textMacroscopic and histopathological aspects of chemical damage to human tissues depending on the survival time
No full textThe ingestion of corrosive substances is a widely treated topic in clinical and forensic practice, as an accidental event or as a consequence of voluntary assumption to commit suicide. However, thorough macroscopic and microscopic surveys focused on the correlation between the ingestion of the substance and different survival times have never been performed. Are the ingestion and the metabolism of the substance within the human tissues still recognizable? How could it be related to death? The study concerns a retrospective analysis on ten cases (two accidental, eight suicides) of lethal ingestion of different types of liquid caustic substances, without instant death and survival times ranging from 12 h to 6 months. For each case, a full autopsy and histological examination of the internal organs were performed. The results showed that the early direct effect of the substances is exerted mainly on the gastrointestinal tract, but as survival time increased, the metabolism of the substance exerted its effects in different target organs. When the cause of death was not directly linkable to the ingestion of the substance (i.e., related to cardiac stress, electrolyte disorders, pneumonia) and macroscopic findings were nonspecific, histological analyses allowed for providing crucial elements towards a link between death and assumption of the substanc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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