1,721,042 research outputs found
Pope Gregory's care of the Papal Estates from 590 to 604, as shown in his letters to his stewards
No full text(First paragraph) I used the "Correspondence of Pope Saint Gregory the Great,” Abbe Migne's Edition, as the principal source material. I have also employed the edition of the Epistolae published by Paul Ewald and L. M. Hartman in Monumenta Germaniae Historica (Berlin, 1887-1899), which is the best critical text available. The letters still extant total eight hundred fifty-four. On reading these, I discovered slxty addressed to various Papal agents and dealing primarily with the conduct of what is called the Patrimony of Saint Peter or the Papal Patrimony.
It is my purpose therefore to examine these letters carefully, and so to determine what may have been the policy of Gregory in his care for the Papal Estates and what he accomplished through the exercise of his authority over them as the landlord,
A man who has won the title "the Great", and retained It unchallenged down the ages, must Indeed have exercised an influence felt not only in his own day but in succeeding generations. It will be Interesting to discover to what extent Gregory’s management of the Papal Estates, as evidenced by the letters selected, helped to establish this enviable distinction.RAL Thesis 1940 G7
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Modeling Distributed Systems by Modular Graph Transformation based on Refinement via Rule Expressions
No full textDue to the special requirements of distributed systems, it is important that modeling techniques for this kind of systems offer a stringent module concept. Each module has to support the encapsulation of data structure as well as functionality also at runtime. Modular graph transformation, presented in this contribution, supports these features. Modules are built up of specifications where attributed graphs describe the static data structures, whereas the dynamic behavior is modeled by the controlled application of graph rules. Rule expressions are used to formulate the control flow.
Within one module, we can state a (weak) preservation of export and import behavior wrt. the local behavior in the module’s body in the sense that an interface derivation is subsumed by a local derivation if it can be performed. Modules may use each other meaning that each import interface has to be connected with an export interface in a way that the import behavior is subsumed by the export behavior
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Formal Software Specification with Refinements and Modules of Typed Graph Transformation Systems
No full textInteractive Rule-based Specification with an Application to Visual Language Definition
No full textIn a rule-based approach the computation steps of a system are specified by rules that completely define how the system’s state may change. For open systems a more liberal approach is required, where the state changes are only partly specified, and – interactively – other com- ponents may contribute further information on how the transformation is defined completely. In this paper we introduce a formal model for in- teractive rule-based specifications, where states are modelled as partial algebras and transformations are given by internal algebra rewritings and arbitrary external components. As an application we discuss how visual languages can be defined in this framework. Thereby the internal (logical) representations of visual expressions are transformed by rewrit- ing rules, whereas their layouts are obtained interactively by external components like a constraint solver or a user working with a display and a mouse
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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