1,721,513 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Allergen-specific immunotherapy in asthmatic children: from the basis to clinical applications.
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Introduction on primary immunodeficiency diseases
No full textPrimary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders with defects in one or more components of the immune system. Primary immunodeficiency diseases could suffer from a variety of clinical manifestations, including recurrent, severe or unusual infections, autoimmunity, and lymphoproliferation/malignancies. Primary immunodeficiencies constitute a large group of diseases, affecting the development of the immune system, its function, or both. The number of known PIDs has been increased considerably over the last decade, while more than 300 different types have already been explained. Although the number of patients diagnosed with PIDs is growing, health care workers still know little about these disorders. Thus, many patients are diagnosed late; many cases suffer from complications by chronic infections, irretrievable end-organ damage, or even death before the definitive diagnosis is made. Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment remain the keys to the successful management of patients with PIDs.Keywords: Primary immunodeficiency diseases, Infections, Autoimmunity, Malignancie
Opto-electrical modelling of CIGS solar cells
No full textOne of the key approaches to slow down and eventually prevent dramatic climate change is direct electricity generation from sunlight. Thin-film copper indium gallium (di)selenide (CIGS) is an excellent candidate for highly efficient and stable solar cells. A tuneable and direct bandgap as well as a high absorption coefficient allow for CIGS solar cells to be nearly 100 times thinner than their crystalline silicon (c-Si) counterparts; a feature suitable for flexible photovoltaic (PV) applications. In this thesis, light management for sub-micron CIGS solar cells is studied with the help of opto-electrical simulations. In Chapter 2, the theoretical optical limits for CIGS solar cells as well as the various available opto-electrical modelling platforms are briefly discussed. We study the Green absorption benchmark as a function of thickness and bandgap. Our modelling tools of choice, namely Ansys HFSS for the optical simulations, and Sentaurus TCAD for the electrical simulations are introduced in more details. The interface between CIGS and molybdenum (Mo) back contact is subject to a considerable amount of optical and electrical loss. This issue is investigated in Chapter 3, where we firstly discuss the plasmonic nature of the optical losses. Later, we introduce a double-layer dielectric spacer consisting of MgF2 and Al2O3 with periodic point contacts to quench the Mo-associated losses. We optimize the spacer thickness and the point contact area coverage for maximal photo-current density (Jph) in a CIGS solar cell with 750-nm thick absorber. The front reflection losses, contributing to roughly 10% of optical losses, are addressed in Chapter 4. We show that an MgF2-based double-layer porous-on-compact anti-reflection coating (ARC) allows for gradual refractive index change from air to CIGS and, therefore, according to the Rayleigh effect leads to a wideband antireflection effect. This is done by means of Bruggemann’s effective medium approximation and sequential nonlinear programming (SNLP) for the optimization process. Our models suggest that the proposed ARC surpasses the conventional single-layer ARC in resiliency against angle of incidence. A hybrid light management, employing both the suggested ARC at the front side and MgF2 / Al2O3 dielectric spacer at the rear side, proves to increase Jph of a 750-nm thick CIGS solar cell beyond that of a 1600-nm thick absorber (without light managment). In the rest of the thesis, we take an approach beyond the state-of-the-are architecture of CIGS solar cells and, for the first time, introduce the inter-digitated back-contacted (IBC) structure for CIGS technology. This structure, which no longer suffers from parasitic absorption (associated with the buffer and window layers), is optically studied in Chapter 5. We compare the results with a reference front- and back-contacted (FBC) solar cell with the same absorber volume, and take the Green limit as the benchmark. Two ARC schemes are studied; (i) high-aspect ratio features at the front side of the absorber and, (ii) the as-grown CIGS morphology with optimized MgF2 / Al2O3 layers. Once the optical potential of the IBC CIGS solar cells is realized, we continue our studies with an opto-electrical analysis in TCAD Sentaurus environment (Chapter 6). We not only optimize the geometry of electron- and hole-contacts, the gap between them and the contacts’ period, but also, study the CIGS bandgap grading and its defect density. The electric field map around the gap region is used to highlight the importance of electrical passivation in achieving a high performance. Our models (calibrated with real FBC solar cells fabricated at Solliance at the High-tech campus in Eindhoven) show the high potential of IBC CIGS solar cells for high efficiency PV applicationsPhotovoltaic Materials and Device
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