114,261 research outputs found
author-bios-SRD-19-0063.R1 – Supplemental material for The Network Structure of Police Misconduct
No full textSupplemental material, author-bios-SRD-19-0063.R1 for The Network Structure of Police Misconduct by George Wood, Daria Roithmayr and Andrew V. Papachristos in Socius</p
Children's competence or adults' incompetence? Different developmental trajectories in different tasks.
No full textDual-process theories have been proposed to explain normative and heuristic responses to reasoning and decision-making problems. Standard unitary and dual-process theories predict that normative responses should increase with age. However, research has focused recently on exceptions to this standard pattern, including developmental increases in heuristic or intuitive responses. Developmental trends for normative and heuristic responses were investigated for 2 kinds of causal reasoning (if-only and covariation) problems in 2 experiments. To investigate the role of superstitious thinking in these developmental trends, in both experiments a superstitious element was added to the problem solved by half the participants. In the first experiment, 90 fifth graders, 99 seventh graders, and 153 adults responded to an if-only problem. Children performed better than adults, with normative responses decreasing and heuristic responses increasing with age. A superstitious jinx intended to reduce heuristic responses had little effect for all age groups. In the second experiment, 276 fifth graders, 344 seventh graders, and 90 adults responded to a covariation-detection problem. When win–loss ratios were equal, adults performed better than children, with normative responses increasing and heuristic responses decreasing with age. When win–loss ratios were strikingly different, however, even the youngest children were able to solve the problems correctly; participants of all ages responded about equally well. When the normative response required recognizing that a good-luck ritual led to better team performance, participants in all age groups responded skeptically that the ritual had no effect, illustrating belief bias. These results are discussed in terms of dual-process theories and the development of heuristic (or intuitive) and analytical processes
When context overrides numerical evidence: Ratio bias in the development of probability judgments
No full textTime pressure makes intuition evident in probability estimates: individual differences in ratio bias
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Géneros periodísticos: periodismo de opinión y discurso / S. González Reyna.
No full textAnálisis de los genéros periodísticos se abordan desde la definición y la estructura. Su contenido puede ser de gran apoyo para docentes y estudiantes
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Los contextos sociales e institucionales de una economía monástica: Santa María de Montederramo en el siglo XIII
No full textEditada en la Fundación Empresa PúblicaLa autora se pregunta por las causas de la consolidación y pervivencia
de formas institucionales ineficientes desde un punto de vista económico. Se
estudia un caso concreto: el monasterio cisterciense de Santa María de Montederramo
(Orense) en el siglo XIII para poner en evidencia la existencia de
marcos institucionales formales e informales definidores de la acción de unos
agentes cuyos intereses se construyeron en el proceso de interacción social,
es decir, en contextos socio-culturales determinados y no como fruto de la
limitación institucional sobre la naturaleza maximizadora de agentes extemporales.
En primer lugar, el artículo presenta las paradojas en los debates
clásicos sobre el Císter. Atendiendo a la Regla de la Orden, se acepta que
el Císter perseguía varios objetivos: la compactación de las parcelas adquiridas,
la tenencia en régimen de propiedad no compartida y la explotación de la
tierra con mano de obra propia. A partir del caso elegido se reflexiona sobre
la distancia entre los principios teóricos de la Orden y la morfología diversa
de los señoríos y sus formas de gestión práctica. Se concluye que los monasterios
se convirtieron en aparatos acumuladores de bienes invirtiendo recursos
según criterios de reciprocidad, redistribución, identidad y estableciendo redes
con las comunidades o con algunos de sus miembros destacados. En este
compacto entramado de dinámicas sociales y mentales se fueron configurando
sus formas económicas.The author searches into the reasons for the perpetuation in inefficient
institutions. The monastery in Sta. María de Montederramo (Orense, Galicia)
in the 13th century lets to underline the existence of formal and informal
institutions defíning agents' cholees whose interests are building up in the
process of social interaction. Moreover those interests emerge within
socio-cultural context, rather than as the outcome of the institutional
constreints over a given nature as profit maximazers. The article reviews the
classical debate about the Cister. Given the Rule of the Order it is argued
that Cistercians pursued the organization of coherent territorial estates,
exclusive property rights over the land and own labour force. Working on
the case-study, the gap between the theoretical principie of the Order and
the specif management and contractual agreements about land tenancy are
considered. The conclusion puts forward that monasteries were devices of
accumulation because they developed practices of reciprocity, redistribution
and identity within the peasant communities and through the organization
of personal and social networks with some of the outstanding members of
the local community. In the tied web of social and cultural dynamics, the
economic patterns were hammered out.Publicad
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