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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Polymorphisms of DNA repair enzymes XRCC1 and XPD as risk factors for laryngeal cancer
No full textDas Larynxkarzinom ist eine komplexe Erkrankung, für die sowohl Umweltfaktoren
als auch genetische Faktoren ursächlich sind. Ziel dieser Arbeit war
herauszufinden, ob zwischen dem Vorliegen genetischer Polymorphismen der DNA-
Reparaturenzyme XRCC1 und XPD und der Wahrscheinlichkeit eines Larynxkarzinoms
eine Assoziation besteht. Da die Enzyme XRCC1 und XPD tragende Rollen in der
Beseitigung von schadstoffinduzierten DNA-Schäden in den Reparaturmechanismen
von NER und BER innehaben und häufig ein Zusammenhang zwischen Nikotin- und
Alkoholkonsum und der Entstehung eines Larynxkarzinoms belegt werden konnte,
erfuhren die Risikofaktoren Rauchen und Alkoholkonsum eine besondere
Berücksichtigung. Von den zahlreichen bekannten genetischen Varianten der
Enzyme wurden diejenigen SNPs ausgewählt, die sowohl in der kaukasischen
Bevölkerung häufig vorkommen, als auch in Exons lokalisiert sind und hier
nicht konservative Aminosäure-Austausche in funktionell wichtigen Positionen
der Proteine bewirken. Es wurden die XRCC1 SNPs 194Trp, 280His und 399Gln bzw.
die XPD SNPs 199Ile, 312Asn und 751Gln untersucht. Für einige dieser Varianten
waren bereits Assoziationen mit malignen Erkrankungen beobachtet worden. Zu
Beginn dieser Untersuchung lagen jedoch keine Studien vor, die Zusammenhänge
zwischen dem Auftreten eines Larynxkarzinoms und den untersuchten
Polymorphismen beinhalteten. Die Häufigkeiten der Polymorphismen wurden in
einem Kollektiv von 295 Larynxkarzinompatienten und 350 Kontrollen bestimmt.
Bei den Larynxkarzinompatienten lag die histologisch gesicherte Diagnose eines
supraglottischen, glottischen oder subglottischen Larynxkarzinoms vor. Die
Kontrollpatienten hatten weder ein bekanntes Larynxkarzinom noch eine andere
maligne Erkrankung. Alle Patienten waren kaukasischer Abstammung. Die
Genotypisierung erfolgte mittels PCR und RFLP nach DNA-Extraktion aus
Leukozyten. Die gefundenen Allelhäufigkeiten lagen alle in einem Bereich, der
auch von anderen Autoren bei kaukasischen Kontrollen beobachtet wurde. Für
keinen der untersuchten Polymorphismen fanden sich signifikante Unterschiede
in der Häufigkeit der Allelfrequenzen in der Kontroll- und in der
Patientengruppe. Im Hinblick auf die Genotypenverteilung stellten sich
ebenfalls keine signifikanten Unterschiede dar. Auch die Analyse nach dem
rezessiven und nach dem dominanten Vererbungsmodell deckte keine signifikanten
Unterschiede auf. Die Stratifizierungen nach Alter, Geschlecht und
Rauchgewohnheiten erbrachte ebenfalls keinen statistisch signifikanten Hinweis
darauf, dass einer der untersuchten Polymorphismen in diesen Subgruppen das
Risiko, an einem Larynxkarzinom zu erkranken, erhöht oder vermindert.
Lediglich für die Varianten XPD 199Asn und XPD 751Gln zeigte sich bei
Patienten, die Alkoholkonsum verneinten, ein statistisch nicht signifikanter
Trend in Richtung auf ein erhöhtes Risiko. Bezüglich Tumorlokalisation
(supraglottisch, glottisch, subglottisch) und Tumorausdehnung war kein
Zusammenhang mit den untersuchten Polymorphismen ersichtlich. Auch die
Haplotypanalyse ergab keine statistisch signifikante Abweichung der
Haplotypen-Wahrscheinlichkeiten zwischen Fall- und Kontrollkollektiv.
Zusammenfassend ergaben sich in dieser Untersuchung keine Hinweise auf eine
Assoziation der untersuchten Varianten von XRCC1 und XPD mit dem Risiko, an
einem Larynxkarzinom zu erkranken.Laryngeal cancer is a complex disease caused by environmental and genetic
factors. This study investigated associations between genetic polymorphisms of
DNA repair enzymes (XRCC1 and XPD) and laryngeal cancer. XRCC1 and XPD play a
major role in repairing DNA lesions caused by noxious substances. Nicotine and
alcohol consumption as the predominant risk factors for laryngeal cancer were
taken into account as co-factors. Investigated SNPs had a high prevalence in
Caucasian populations and were located in functionally important positions of
exons and led to non-conservative amino acid exchange. Investigated SNPs were
XRCC1 194Trp, 280His, 399Gln and XPD 199Ile, 312Asn respectively. Some of
these are known risk factors for other malignant diseases. However no
association with laryngeal cancer was investigated prior to the beginning of
this study. The prevalence of the polymorphisms in 295 patients with laryngeal
cancer and 350 controls was compared. Laryngeal cancer was histologically
confirmed as supraglottic, glottic or subglottic laryngeal cancer. Controls
had no malignant diseases. All subjects were Caucasians. Genotyping was
performed via PCR and RFLP of leucocyte DNA. The frequency of the
polymorphisms was comparable to previously published results in Caucasian
populations. No significant differences in allele or genotype frequency
(recessive and dominant model) were found between cases and controls. Also
after stratification for age, sex and nicotine consumption no differences in
the frequency of the investigated polymorphisms were found. For XPD 199Asn and
XPD 751Gln a trend towards a statistical higher prevalence was found for
patients who denied any alcohol consumption. No difference in polymorphism
frequency was observed with regard to tumor localization (supraglottic,
glottic, subglottic) or stage. A haplotype analysis also revealed no statistal
significant differences of the haplotype frequencies between cases and
controls. In summary no association between the investigated genetic
polymorphisms and laryngeal cancer were found in this study
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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