1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Domes and Crosses: Exploiting synergies in two methodologies for biaxial tensile testing of membrane tissues
Get PDFBiaxial tensile testing is the preferred method for mechanically testing membranous tissue as it can capture the tissue load response more holistically than uniaxial methods. There are two dominant approaches within the field of biaxial tensile testing: planar and bulge. Both methods can induce a state of biaxial tension within a specimen and both have their advantages and disadvantages. Bulge testing has the benefit of imposing a simple boundary condition on the tissue, making it quick and easy to set up. Planar Biaxial Tensile (PBT) testing is very sensitive to specimen preparation and requires non-trivial gripping systems. Some knowledge of the direction of maximum stiffness, prior to specimen mounting, is necessary for PBT to yield useful data. However, literature suggests that PBT is the more rigorous of the methods when it comes to collecting data to fully characterise a material model for membrane tissues. This study used the ease of bulge testing to determine the mean fibre axis of the tissue which informed the angle of PBT specimen excision. This was a rapid, non-destructive and creative method to avoid otherwise highly expensive imaging approaches to determine mean fibre direction. Further work was also done to develop a method of accurately determining specimen thickness for very thin tissues using a creative histological technique. By using a block of cutting medium to shape the membrane during processing steps, all four of the loaded edges of the tissue could be sectioned simultaneously for thickness measurement. Finally, the study served to develop a membrane tissue test protocol for further research using the in-house built biaxial tensile machines
Design, build and test of a planar biaxial tensile testing machine for skin and other collagenous soft tissues
Get PDFThis investigation forms part of a larger study, investigating the mechanical properties of skin and other soft membrane tissue. The focus of this project was the design and construction of a planar biaxial tensile testing machine, suitable for ultimately testing skin and other soft membrane tissues. The mechanical properties of skin and other collagenous soft tissues are of interest to a wide range of researchers and professionals. Interests include medical device design, research into the change in skin's mechanical properties due to disease, and skin's material characterisation for computational simulation. None of the laboratories at the University of Cape Town (UCT) were capable of performing planar biaxial tensile tests on soft tissue prior to this project. The machine was designed as a stand-alone, portable and accurate tensile tester with two independent and orthogonal testing axes. The machine was designed to be operated using GRBL software: an open-source motion control system for CNC milling. Two 50 N tensile load cells (K-S2M, Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik, Darmstadt, Germany) were used for load measurement and a non-contact Digital Image Correlation (DIC) system (Dantec, Denmark) was used for three-dimensional surface displacement measurement. Commissioning testing was done on a silicone elastomer (Smooth-On, Dragon Skin 10) which was used as a skin surrogate. The commissioning testing did not seek to characterise the surrogate material, but to verify that the machine operated as intended. As testing of biological specimens will involve non-trivial specimen preparation and mounting, this is left to future research. Initially, a single axis of the custom machine was used to perform uniaxial tensile tests on the surrogate material. Specimens of the same surrogate material were tensile tested using a calibrated Instron (Norwood, MA, USA) tensile testing machine at the Centre for Materials Engineering (CME) at UCT for comparison. Twenty specimens were tested on each machine: five specimens per cross-head displacement rate: 10, 50, 120 and 400 mm/min. Sources of error were identified and addressed through minor design and procedure changes. Further uniaxial testing on the revised first axis, and the newly built second axis, was performed at 50 mm/min and 400 mm/min. These results compared favourably to the results from the Instron tensile testing machine. Planar biaxial tensile tests were performed on cruciform specimens of the surrogate silicone elastomer. Biaxial testing was performed at four different cross-head displacement rates (10, 50, 120 and 400 mm/min) combined with five different loading ratios between the axes (1:1, 1:0.75, 1:0.5, 1:0.25, 1:0). A total of 30 specimens were tested. The performance of the machine was critically assessed and the areas of difficulty encountered during testing were: handling and gripping the highly pliable specimens, consistency in the boundary conditions of the specimen, inter specimen variability, and alignment issues. The testing demonstrated that the machine functions as intended, and meets the requirements to be used in the testing of skin and other membrane tissue in the future
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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