1,720,960 research outputs found
Kultur und Risk-Based-Wasser- und Landmanagement in Karstgebieten : ein Verständnis der lokalen Kenntnisse in Gunungkidul, Java, Indonesien
Full text linkDiese Studie wurde in der Karst-Region GunungKidul in Indonesien durchgeführt, welche weltweit bekannt ist für ihre konischen Hügel. Charakteristisch fürKarst-Regionen ist das Risiko von Wasserknappheit während der Trockenzeit. Diesesbringt die einheimische Bevölkerung dazu, Anpassungsstrategien zu entwickeln um mit den limitierten Wasser- und Landressourcen zu haushalten. So hat die Bevölkerung die Fähigkeit entwickelt Zeichen der Natur zu deuten, von klimatischen Bedingungen bis hin zum Verhalten von Pflanzen und Tieren, gekoppelt mit der Identifikation physikalischer Erscheinungen, um mit dem jährlichen Wandel der Jahreszeiten zurechtzukommen.Intensive Beobachtungen, auch ilmu titen genannt, von Veränderungen der Umwelt, insbesondere klimatischer Faktoren, haben den Menschen geholfen ein landwirtschaftliches System zu entwickeln, welches sich dem jährlichen Wandel der Jahreszeiten anpasst. Pranata Mangsa ist die wichtigste ilmu titen und befasst sich mit der Veränderung klimatischer Faktoren und ihrer Auswirkungen auf das Verhalten von Pflanzen und Tieren und gehört zum lokalen Wissen. Pranata Mangsa und die Identifikation physikalischer Erscheinungen wird in der Tumpangsari Landwirtschaft angewandt, welche den Zeitpunkt des Verbrauchs von Wasser und Landressourcen beachtet. Der Zyklus von PranataMangsa besteht aus Parabeln die Zeichen der Natur beschreiben. Es braucht also tiefes Verständnis und Interpretations fähigkeit um daraus Naturrisiken abzuleiten. Diese Herausforderung nimmt auf Grund des weltweiten Wandels von Klimafaktoren, welche den zeitlichen Ablauf des Pranata Mangsa Zyklus beeinflussen, zu. Die Fähigkeit von ilmutiten im Pranata Mangsa muss neuentwickelt werden um sich globalen Herausforderungen im lokalen Kontext stellen zu können. Die vorliegende Studie führt qualitative Untersuchungen in einem partizipatorischen Ansatz durch und nutzt Fokusgruppen-Diskussionen (FGD) sowie detaillierte Interviews. Dies wird unterstützt von Feldbeobachtungen und räumlicher Analyse, welche das information communication technologies (ICT) nutzt. Lokal-räumliches Wissen der Bewohner der Karst-Region Gunungkidul wird in ein Landschaftsmodell übertragen. Dieses Modell soll jeden Zeitrahmen von Pranata Mangsa abbilden, um den Leuten zu helfen die Änderungen oder Störungen ihrer Umwelt zu identifizieren, sammeln und analysieren.Lokales Wissen der Karst-Region GunungKidul muss wieder hervorgeholt und passend zu den sich entwickelnden Umweltveränderungen neuerfunden werden. PranataMangsa mag altmodisch und überholt sein, doch die Fähigkeit Wissen aus der Natur und ihrer Interaktion mit Mensch, Pflanzen und Tieren zu ziehen, bestimmt den Umgang der Menschen mit Wasser und verfügbarem Land in einer Karstregion um Naturrisiken zu identifizieren und das Risiko der jährlichen Wasserknappheit und seiner Folgen zu reduzieren.This study was conducted in Karst Gunungkidul Indonesia. Karst regions are characterized by the possibility of water scarcity during the dry season. This encourages local people to develop adaptation strategies to manage limited water and land resources. People have developed the skill to observe natural signs, from climatic features, plants and animal behavior, coupled with physical features identification, to guide them in how to manage annual season changes.Keen observation of environmental changes, concerning climatic factors particularly, is known as ilmu titen. Ilmu titen has guided people to develop agricultural systems in adaptation to annual season changes. Pranata Mangsa is the most recognizable ilmu titen concerning climatic factor changes followed by plants and animal behavior changes, and is considered local knowledge. In implementation of Pranata Mangsa and physical features identification, people apply the Tumpangsari farming system which takes into consideration the timing of water and land consumption. The cycle of Pranata Mangsa consists of parable phrases to describe natural signs, thus it takes deep understanding and interpretation to derive natural hazards and risk from it. The challenges arise due to global climatic factors which affect the time frame of the Pranata Mangsa cycle.The skill of ilmu titen on Pranata Mangsa needs to be re-invented to face global challenges within a local context. This study applies qualitative research in a participatory approach using Focused Group Discussion (FGD) and In-depth interview, supported by field observation and spatial analysis using information communication technologies (ICT). Local spatial knowledge that is embedded and embodied in Karst Gunungkidul people is transformed into a landscape model. The model aims to accommodate each time frame of Pranata Mangsa to help people identify, collect and analyze the changes or disturbances in their surrounding environment. Local knowledge of Karst Gunungkidul needs to be re-invented in accordance with evolving environmental changes. Pranata Mangsa may be old fashioned and outdated, but the skill of gaining knowledge from nature and its relationship with the inhabitants: humans, plants and animals; determines how people manage water and land availability on Karst environments to identify natural hazards and reduce the risk of annual water scarcity and the following effects
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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