1,720,963 research outputs found
Forensic and chemometric approaches in distribution, characterization and health risk assessment of polycyclic hydrocarbons in selected aquaculture farms in Peninsular Malaysia
Full text linkThis is a pioneering study and report on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in
aquaculture ecosystem in Malaysia. In this study the occurrence of PAHs in
sediments, oysters, fish and fish feed were examined and the health risk assessment
was conducted. Samples were collected from selected aquaculture farms in
Peninsular Malaysia from January 20 10 to November 20 II inclusive of remote and
polluted areas. The results revealed the average concentration of total PAHs in
sediment ranged from 20 to 184 L oysters 121 to 519, fish 22 to 228 and fish feed
150 to 366 ng/g dry weight. The levels of PAHs reflect human activities, with higher
concentrations observed in industrial zones. pOI1 areas and urban settlements.
Application of forensic and chcmomctric techniques on sample data revealed that the
sediments collected from aquaculture farms and periphery were dominated by
pyrogenic sources from vehicle emission (54°0) and biomass burning (9°0) while petrogenic sources coming from petroleum oil (37%). The profile of PAHs obtained
from fish and oyster farm sediments differ significantly (p < 0.(5) implying
additional pollution sources into fish limn. Enrichment of organic carbons, nitrogen
and PAHs in fish farms revealed an average of 2R.7%,4.65% and 156% respectively.
Enrichment of TOe is statistically significant to the enrichment of total PAHs,
carcinogenic PAHs and 4-6 ring PAHs but not 2-3 ring PAHs. The compound
benzot ajpyrcne was detected in all samples. This study found that accnaphthylcnc,
fluoranthene and dibenzotahjanthracenc concentrations were higher than the
permissible levels in interim sediment quality guidelines. This might be harmful to
aquatic animals and to human who consume them. The body burden of PAHs in
oysters fall within moderate range and is comparable to other studies in bivalves.
Temporal variation due to spawning was evident in oysters at Pulau Betong Batu
Lintang and Pasir Panjang. PAHs in edible fish tissues range between low to
moderate. Normalization of total PAHs with lipid content drew a meaningful result
compared to dry weight normalization. Strong signi ficant correlation was observed
between lipid normalized total PAHs and total toxicity equivalence concentrations (p
0.05). Fish Iced samples were dominated by high molecular weight
PAHs. The profile of PAHs in fish feed were similar regardless of locations, types
and lipid content. PAHs concentrations were found to be higher or in par with other
studies worldwide. Cluster analysis and discriminant analysis implied that fish ICed
was the main source of PAHs in edible fish tissue. Non-cancer risk assessment of
PAHs in sediment, oyster and fish showed that the values were below the concern
levels published by USEPA. Cancer risk due to consumption of red snapper from
Jclutong and sea bass lrorn Jclutong and Gclang Putah is higher than the safe levels
recommended for all groups of population under study. Overall PAHs from vehicular emission dominated aquaculture sediment. The consumption of cultured
scabass and red snapper from Jclutong and scabass from Gclang Patah are not safe
for all group of populations
Spatial characterization of water quality using principal component analysis approach at Juru River basin, Malaysia
Full text linkJuru River is named as one of polluted river in Malaysia by Department of Environment (DOE) Malaysia up till recent times. The pollution loadings of this river basin come from various point and non-point sources. This study reveals that the water quality of Juru River is very much affected by the industrial activities in this locality area. The principle component analysis (PCA) display that the Juru River mainly dominates with anthropogenic pollution sources which contributing to the river water quality deterioration. New sources were apportioned using this pattern recognition technique which demonstrates anthropogenic activities (industrial activities, wood industry and rubber industry), land activities and domestic waste. The major contribution from industrial activities associated at the monitoring station of 2JR03, 2JR06, 2JR08, 2JR04 and 2JR07 while for 2JR02 was highly impacted by land development considering housing and commercial development. Meanwhile station 2JR01 and 2JR05 were suspected having pollution loading from timber and wood industries considering the high correlation of DO and arsenic parameters. Overall, Juru River having combination pollution sources coming from various activities in the studied area and urgent actions are required to conserve and protect the health of the river
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
