99 research outputs found
Composites of CoFe2O4/Graphene oxide/Kaolinite for adsorption of lead ion from aqueous solution
No full textIn this work, we established composites from kaolinite (K), CoFe2O4 (CF), and graphene oxide (GO) for the adsorption of the lead ion (Pb (II)). Initially, a composite of CF-GO was synthesized by hydrothermal method using cellulose bio-template extracted from false banana. The weight ratio of GO varied from 0.20 to 0.30, i.e., (1-x) CF/(x)GO (x = 0.20, 0.25, 0.30). The sample with x = 0.30, i.e., CF-0.3GO exhibited a better adsorption capacity of about 23.6 mg g−1 from the binary composite samples at the initial Pb concentration of 50 mg L−1. Then, the contact time and adsorbent dosage of CF-0.3GO were optimized with the corresponding results of 90 min and 1.2 g L−1, respectively. A ternary composite was formulated from the sample of CF-0.3GO and Kaolinite (K) with the nominal composition of (1-y)K/(y)(CF-0.3GO), where y = 0.30, 0.45, 0.60, and 0.75. Among the ternary composites, the sample with a composition of 0.25K/0.75(CF0-0.3GO) showed the best adsorption capacity of about 4.2 mg g−1 at the initial Pb concentration of 10 mg L−1, and this sample was subsequently selected for further studies. The synthesized composites were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Differential thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), respectively, to determine phase purity, the particles morphology, functional groups, thermal stability, and surface area and pore volume of the of samples. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to determine the adsorption capacity of samples. The effect of pH ranging from 2 to 10 was investigated for the present composite. At pH of 4, the adsorption capacity and removal efficiency changed significantly, with the corresponding results of 6.62 mg g−1 and 99 %, respectively, and becomes constant. Adsorption isotherms and kinetics were investigated for a composite with a composition of 0.25K/0.75 (CF-0.3GO). The Freundlich isotherm model best fits the adsorption isotherm, with a correlation coefficient of 0.93, and the kinetic behavior followed Pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics. Finally, the synthesized composite was stable for three-round tests toward the Pb(II) removal. Therefore, the results of this study indicate that the composites of CoFe2O4/Graphene oxide/Kaolinite could be a potential candidate for the removal of Pb (II) ions
Public Stigma against People with Mental Illness in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia.
No full textBackgroundStigma towards people with mental illness (PWMI) can result in low self-esteem and isolation and threaten employment. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of public stigma against PWMI and factors associated with it among Jimma town residents.MethodsA community-based, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in adult residents of Jimma town. Data were collected among 820 randomly selected residents with the interviewer-administered Community Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill (CAMI) scale. Linear regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of stigma against PWMI.ResultA total of 444 (54%) of the 820 respondents were females, and the mean (SD) age was 35 (8.5) years. The minimum and maximum possible values on each CAMI subscale were 10 and 50, respectively. The respondents had high scores for a stigmatizing attitude towards PWMI across all the subscales, as indicated by the mean (SD) scores: authoritarianism, 27.17 (4.96); social restrictiveness, 32.41 (4.20); benevolence, 35.34 (4.42); and community-based mental health ideology, 33.95 (5.82). Compared to housewives, private organization employees showed more autocratic and socially restrictive views (std. β = 1.12, PConclusionThe study revealed that a negative attitude towards PWMI is widespread. Therefore, there is a need to develop strategies to fight the stigma attached to PWMI at the community level
Circulating osteoprotegerin is correlated with lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, adiponectin and sex steroids in an ageing male population
No full textObjective: The relationship between osteoprotegerin (OPG) and lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, adipocytokines and sex steroids has been poorly studied and subject to controversy. The purpose of this study was to look at the correlates of OPG in an elderly male population. Design: One hundred and fifty-one nondiabetic, elderly Lebanese men (age range 50-83) were recruited in this cross-sectional study based on voluntary enrolment. Measurements: In all the subjects, serum OPG levels were measured and related to clinical parameters (age, waist, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure), as well as to metabolic and hormonal parameters. The following fasting laboratory measurements were performed: plasma glucose and insulin levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol, adiponectin, leptin, as well as sex steroids (testosterone, SHBG, free androgen index, ooestradiol, DHEAS), GH and IGF-1. QUICKI index was calculated as a measure of insulin sensitivity. Results: OPG levels were significantly correlated with age (r = 0.28, P 0.0001) but not with BMI, waist, systolic or diastolic blood pressure. There was a trend towards higher OPG levels in subjects without, compared to subjects with the metabolic syndrome (3.58 ± 1.28 vs. 3.26 ± 1.04 pmol-l, P = 0.09). OPG was negatively correlated with fasting glucose and triglyceride levels (r = -0.18, P = 0.031 and r = -0.19, P = 0.02, respectively) and positively correlated with the QUICKI index (r = 0.17, P = 0.033), HDL cholesterol (r = 0.21, P = 0.009) and adiponectin levels (r = 0.27, P = 0.001). No significant correlations were reported with total or LDL cholesterol levels and with leptin levels. After adjustment for age, OPG is still correlated with triglycerides (r = -0.19, P = 0.02), glucose (r = -0.21, P = 0.011) and adiponectin (r = 0.19, P = 0.02). Finally, OPG was positively associated with SHBG (r = 0.31, P 0.001) and negatively associated with free androgen index (r =-0.346, P 0.001); both correlations persisted after adjustment for age (r = 0.21, P = 0.009 and r = -0.23, P = 0.005, respectively). No significant correlation was found between OPG and oestradiol levels while a weak negative correlation was demonstrated with DHEAS (r = -0.18, P = 0.025). Also, no significant correlation was found between OPG and GH or IGF-1 values. In a multiple regression analysis with a stepwise model, the main determinants of OPG were free androgen index and adiponectin (P 0.0001 and P = 0.015, respectively). Conclusion: Our results show that circulating OPG levels are favourably associated with some components of the metabolic syndrome. Also, for the first time, an association between OPG and adiponectin is described. 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Predictors of insomnia among undergraduate students at Hawassa University Sidama, Ethiopia, 2023: a facility-based cross-sectional study
No full textBackgroundInsomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or experiencing poor-quality sleep. People with this problem often have trouble falling asleep at night, wake up frequently during the night, and may wake up too early in the morning and feel tired and not refreshed. This can lead to daytime fatigue, irritability, difficulty concentrating, and impaired functioning in their day-to-day activities. Study is scarce in resource-limited countries such as Ethiopia, particularly concerning the study setting. As a result, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of insomnia and its associated factors among undergraduate students at Hawassa University.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study design was used. A stratified simple random sampling method was used among 398 study participants. The data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. The outcome variable was assessed by the insomnia severity index (ISI). The data were then gathered by using the Kobo toolbox online and then exported into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 27 to analyze the data. Data cleaning and screening were conducted exclusively by the investigators. Descriptive statistics like frequency, percentages, and mean were used. Bivariate and multivariate binary regression were performed. In multivariate binary logistic regression, a p-value of<0.05 was identified as a significantly associated factor with the dependent variable.ResultsAmong 398 students who participated in the study, 81 (20.4%) experienced insomnia. Being female [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.98; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.56–5.69], age (AOR = 3.06; 95% CI 1.11–8.45), mild anxiety symptom (AOR = 4.89; 95% CI 1.56–15.37), and mobile device use ≥30 min just before going to sleep (AOR = 7.81; 95% CI 2.34–26.12) were significantly associated with insomnia.ConclusionIn this study, the prevalence of insomnia was one-fifth among university students, which is high when compared to another study at the national level. There were significant associations between being female, age, anxiety symptoms, and mobile device use before going to sleep with insomnia. This indicates that there is a need to treat and prevent insomnia in college students, emphasizing the necessity for mental healthcare and ethical technology use
Residents’ responses to the items on the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill (CAMI) Authoritarianism subscale, Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia, November, 2012.
No full textResidents’ responses to the items on the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill (CAMI) Authoritarianism subscale, Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia, November, 2012.</p
Public stigma against people with mental illness in Jimma Town, South West Ethiopia.pdf
No full textTitle: Public stigma against people with mental illness in Jimma town, Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in adult residents of Jimma town. Data were collected among 820 randomly selected residents with the interviewer-administered Community Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill (CAMI) scale. Linear regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of stigma against PWMI. Result: A total of 444 (54%) of the 820 respondents were females, and the mean (SD) age was 35 (8.5) years. The minimum and maximum possible values on each CAMI subscale were 10 and 50, respectively. The respondents had high scores for a stigmatizing attitude towards PWMI across all the subscales, as indicated by the mean (SD) scores. Conclusion: The study revealed that a negative attitude towards PWMI is widespread. Therefore, there is a need to develop strategies to fight the stigma attached to PWMI at the community level
Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19 transmission, prevention, and self-quarantine management among public servants in selected locations of the Sidama region, Southern Ethiopia: a multicenter cross-sectional study
No full textBackgroundThe COVID-19 epidemic has put an enormous strain on the world’s healthcare systems, lifestyles, and quality of life. Ethiopia attempted to meet the myriad needs of its people due to the COVID-19 epidemic and the government has demonstrated a strong commitment in order to lessen the epidemic’s impact on the populace. Despite this fact, the population’s compliance with measures was not as needed.ObjectivesTo assess knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 transmission, prevention, and self-quarantine management among public employees in selected locations of the Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia, in 2020.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 01 October to 30 October 2020, among 399 public servants in selected locations of the Sidama Region, Sothern Ethiopia. One-stage cluster sampling was used to randomly select 16 public service sector offices from the total 32 sector offices in the selected locations of the region. Simple random sampling was employed to select respondents following equal distribution of the samples to 16 sector offices. Data were collected using an adapted self-administered questionnaire. Data entered using EpiData version 3.1 and SPSS version 24 were used for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to compute frequencies, percentages, and means for independent and dependent variables.ResultOverall, 42.36% of respondents had good knowledge of COVID-19, while the remaining 57.64% had poor knowledge. The percentage of favorable attitudes toward COVID-19 prevention and control were 65.2, 54.4% of respondents had a good level of practice of COVID-19 preventive and control measures, and 52.4% of the respondents had a good level of knowledge regarding self-quarantine management.ConclusionThe level of knowledge, attitude, practice, and self-quarantine management in the area is insufficient for preventing and controlling the disease. Evidence-based awareness creation and law enforcement in the study areas and surroundings, with an emphasis on infection prevention and control (IPC) in the public sector and other public gathering areas, is recommended
Determinants of premenstrual dysphoric disorder and associated factors among regular undergraduate students at Hawassa University Southern, Ethiopia, 2023: institution-based cross-sectional study
No full textAbstract Background Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a condition causing severe emotional, physical, and behavioral symptoms before menstruation. It greatly hinders daily activities, affecting academic and interpersonal relationships. Attention is not given to premenstrual disorders among female students in higher education. As a result, students are susceptible to stress, and their academic success is influenced by various factors, including their menstrual cycle, and the long-term outcomes and consequences are poorly researched. Even though PMDD has a significant negative impact on student’s academic achievement and success limited research has been conducted in low- and middle-income countries including Ethiopia, especially in the study setting. Therefore, a study is needed to assess premenstrual dysphoric disorder and associated factors among regular undergraduate students at Hawassa University. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 374 regular undergraduate female students at Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences. A self-administered structured premenstrual symptoms screening tool for adolescents was used to assess premenstrual dysphoric disorder. The collected data were loaded into a statistical package for the social science version 25 and analyzed using it. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Each independent variable was entered separately into bivariate analysis, and a variable with a p-value less than 0.25 were included in the multivariate analysis to adjust the possible confounders. Statistically significant was declared at a 95% confidence interval when variable with a p-value less than 0.05 in the multivariate analysis with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Results The magnitude of premenstrual dysphoric disorder in this study was 62.6% (95% CI 57.4–67.5). Having severe premenstrual pain (AOR = 6.44;95%CI 1.02–40.73), having irregular menstrual cycle (AOR = 2.21; 95% CI 1.32–3.70), students who had poor social support (AOR = 5.10;95%CI, (2.76–12.92) and moderate social support (AOR = 4.93;95%CI (2.18–11.18), and students who used contraception (AOR = 3.76;95%CI, 2.21-6,40) were statistically significant factors with the outcome variable. Conclusion The prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder was high as compared to other studies. There was a strong link between irregular menstrual cycle, severe menstrual pain (severe dysmenorrhea), poor social support, and contraception use with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. This needs early screening and intervention to prevent the complications and worsening of the symptoms that affect students’ academic performance by the institution
Residents’ responses to the items on the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill (CAMI) Benevolence subscale, Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia, November 2012.
No full textResidents’ responses to the items on the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill (CAMI) Benevolence subscale, Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia, November 2012.</p
Residents’ responses to the subscale items of the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill (CAMI) subscale Community Mental Health Ideology, in Jimma town, Southwst Ethiopia, November 2012.
No full textResidents’ responses to the subscale items of the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill (CAMI) subscale Community Mental Health Ideology, in Jimma town, Southwst Ethiopia, November 2012.</p
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