1,721,008 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Hide‐and‐seek by Epstein‐Barr virus: evasion of innate immunity
No full textThe human herpesvirus Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a large DNA virus that infects over 90% of the adult world population. While often present without obvious symptoms, EBV is causally involved in infectious mononucleosis and various malignancies of lymphoid and epithelial origin. The host innate immune system poses a first barrier against invading pathogens, inducing direct antiviral responses and orchestrating adaptive immunity. EBV establishes lifelong infections in immunocompetent hosts, withstanding elimination by the host immune system. Whereas many evasion mechanisms have been identified for the adaptive immune system, our knowledge on innate evasion strategies remains more obscure.
This thesis describes novel strategies employed by EBV to evade recognition and elimination by the innate immune system. We found that the EBV alkaline exonuclease BGLF5 destabilizes cellular mRNAs, thereby decreasing expression of proteins relevant in the initial detection of EBV particles, e.g. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR9. In addition, the conserved herpesvirus-encoded deubiquitinase, BPLF1 in EBV, targets several intermediates of the TLR signaling pathway to inhibit NF-κB mediated induction of proinflammatory mediators. Additionally, we show that EBV expresses a viral microRNA that interferes with the type I IFN-induced signaling pathway and reduces induction of antiviral interferon-stimulated genes.
The work described in this thesis shows that EBV has adopted a wide range of strategies to compromise host innate immune responses at various levels using viral proteins as well as miRNAs. These evasion mechanisms may contribute to the development of EBV-associated malignancies. Improving our insights into the interactions between EBV and the human host may thus aid in the development of novel strategies to combat EBV infections and diseases associated with this oncogenic herpesvirus. Furthermore, it increases our knowledge of the cellular pathways that are involved in antiviral defenses
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Roles and regulation of Epstein-Barr virus microRNAs
No full textMicroRNAs are posttranscriptional gene regulators that play important roles in many cellular processes. These short non-coding RNA molecules regulate gene expression by binding to complementary target mRNAs, thereby inducing RNA destabilization and inhibition of translation. Several DNA viruses hijack the cellular miRNA machinery to produce their own miRNAs, which offers opportunities to regulate both cellular and viral gene expression. The human herpesvirus Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) encodes more than 40 different miRNAs, which are expressed during all stages of the virus lifecycle and in EBV-associated tumours. EBV is carried as a lifelong latent infection in more than 90% of the adult human population. The virus is the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis and is associated with various malignancies of B cell and epithelial origin.
In this thesis we provide a detailed analysis of the EBV miRNA expression profiles in EBV-positive cell lines of different origins. We discovered that the organization of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) miRNAs in clusters enhances their functional expression. Furthermore, we developed extensive lentiviral tools to express and inhibit specific miRNAs in cells, to be able to study their biological function. By performing whole-genome transcriptome profiling we identified and validated new EBV miRNA targets. We identified several EBV-encoded miRNAs as novel viral immune evasion factors that interfere with the type I IFN signaling pathway, amongst others.
Understanding the specific functions of EBV miRNAs leads to new insights into EBV biology that open new avenues for antiviral therapy development by specifically targeting viral and host genes involved in infection and oncogenic transformation
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
