1,720,958 research outputs found
Harm Minimisation Drug Policy Implementation Efficacy Among Australian Community Based People Who Inject Drugs
No full textBackground: Harm minimisation drug policies prioritise the reduction of harm to
people who use drugs and the wider community through harm reduction (HR)
approaches. A critical harm reduction intervention for People Who Inject Drugs
(PWID) are Needle and Syringe Programs (NSPs). Beholden to political and
epidemiological agendas, NSP success is dependent on accessibility and utilisation
among PWID. Implementation of NSPs, can be described as a patchwork of diverse
practices and regulations across international, national, and local levels. Aims: We
aimed to map emerging evidence, engage in organic partnership building and examine
implementation qualities as prioritised by NSP providers and PWID. Methods: Mixed
methods were utilised across three studies. Firstly, a scoping review of six articles
addressing sustainable NSP implementation. Secondly, organic collaborative research
partnership building with NSP providers (n=26) and PWID (n=70) who contend with
real-world constraints of service delivery and utilisation. Thirdly, implementation
science methodology to broaden understanding and effectiveness of policy adoption
as applied to NSP implementation. Results: Trending literature indicated sustainable
NSPs require provider, consumer, and community engagement, supported by enabling
health policies. Organic collaborative research partnership approaches resulted in
strong partnerships and increased capacity building. Non-parametric data analysis
indicated NSP service providers prioritised compatibility while PWID prioritised
resourcing. Conclusions: Findings suggest HR approaches guided by implementation
science demonstrate efficacy associated with accessibility and serviceability for NSP
providers and PWID. Findings are consistent with trending recognition of substance
use as a health issue, not a criminal justice one, while showcasing how collaborations
and implementation science can promote NSPs that are consumer responsive
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Harm Minimisation Drug Policy Implementation with Australian Injecting Drug Users
Get PDFNational health care policies are important for defining the vision, priorities, budgetary decisions and actions for improving and maintaining the health of a countries people. Yet in order for a countries health care policy to be implemented, planning needs to occur at all levels of the health care system. Effective policy implementation allows for broad national health strategies to be translated at a local level into appropriate and feasible approaches, based on local circumstances. This is particularly important with respect to emerging sectors of care, such as harm minimisation programs for people who inject drugs. The characteristics that influence the implementation process and fidelity are: 1) relative advantage; 2) compatibility, 3) complexity, 4) trialability, 5) observability, 6) obligation and 7) resourcing
Drug Treatment Policy in the Criminal Justice System: A Scoping Literature Review
Get PDFPublished ArticleThis scoping review sought to map the emerging evidence on use of harm
minimization drug treatment programs in criminal justice settings. A search of various
data bases including Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Medline, ProQuest,
SAGE Premier, Scopus, Taylor & Francis Online, and Web of Science yielded eight
studies that met inclusion criteria. The available evidence suggests increasing adoption
of harm minimization policy oriented programs by countries around the world. Specific
programs adopted include needle and syringe exchange, methadone maintenance,
buprenorphine maintenance and treatment in lieu of incarceration. Each of these
programs has evidence to support their effectiveness in relation to individual harm
reduction, disease reduction, increase treatment retention and reduced criminality. This
article considers implications of the adoption of harm minimization policies by criminal
justice systems
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