1,720,979 research outputs found
Klaas ja selle valmistajad Eestis (ca 1550–1950): arheoloogiline uuring
No full textVäitekirja elektrooniline versioon ei sisalda publikatsiooneDoktoritöös „Glass and its makers in Estonia, c. 1550–1950: an archaeological study“ esitati kirjalike andmete ja arheoloogiliste leidude põhjal Eesti uusaegse klaasitööstuse täiendatud ja parandatud kronoloogia. Tehti kindlaks, et Eestis rajati 1628.–1940. aastani 42 klaasikoda, mille omanikest kolmandik olid omavahel suguluses või abielu kaudu seotud. Klaasikojad kaardistati – paraku selgus, et vaid 6 ajaloolist klaasikoda on kaitse all. Võõrtööjõule tuginenud tööstuse kujunemisest, tööliste rollist ja sidemetest 17.–19. sajandil anti ülevaade läbi rändklaasitööliste ja nende pereliikmete elukaare ning Wentzelli, Hageni ja Runge perekonnaloo. Selgus, et 17.–18. sajandil töötati ühes klaasikojas 1–3 aastat; 19. sajandi jooksul jäid töölised paiksemaks. Kogukonna hoidmises osutusid uuringu põhjal olulisemaks ristivanemlus ning abielud.
Klaasikodade arvu järsk tõus 18. sajandi keskpaigas kajastus lisaks suurenenud tööliste hulgale leidudes, mida uuriti uusaegse klaasitarbimise kirjeldamiseks. Kuna kohalik tööstus sai alguse Lääne-Eestis, keskenduti Haapsalu ja Pärnu klaasileidudele, mida võrreldi Tallinna leidudega. Rohekast võsaklaasist tahvel- ja anumaklaas oli kohalike klaasikodade põhitoodanguks ning need moodustasid uuringu põhjal leidudest enamuse, pudelid sealjuures 50% Haapsalu ja 44% Pärnu kõikidest klaasileidudest, kuid vaid 13% Tallinna leidudest. Uuringu käigus kirjeldati kõiki olulisemaid kohalikke ning haruldasemaid imporditud klaasesemeid ja nende kaunistusvõtteid. Märkimisväärse tulemusena avastati, et Eestis tõrjus tahvelklaasi lõikamine retušeerimise välja 17. sajandi jooksul. Töö leidudega võimaldas luua koostöös Eesti Keele Instituudiga eesti keelde ka paar uut sõna – näiteks vaaliklaas ja hallitoonitehnika.
Doktoritöö aluseks on autori koostatud kolm mahukat andmekogu klaasikodade, tööliste ja nende pereliikmete ning klaasileidude kohta, mis on toorandmetena vabalt kättesaadavad repositooriumis DataDOI.In the doctoral thesis ‘Glass and its makers in Estonia, c. 1550–1950: an archaeological study,’ an updated and corrected chronology of the post-medieval glass industry in Estonia was presented based on written data and archaeological finds. It was determined that 42 glassworks were established in Estonia between 1628–1940. A third of the owners were found to be related or connected through marriage. The glassworks were mapped – unfortunately, it transpired that only six historic sites are scheduled monuments. The development of the migrant-led industry, and the role and connections of the workers in the 17th–19th century were studied through life histories of migrant workers and their families, specifically the Wentzell, Hagen, and Runge families. It was discovered that workers stayed at a site for 1–3 years in the 17th–18th centuries but became more settled throughout the 19th century. Based on the study, godparenting and marriages were most important in maintaining the glassworking community.
The sharp increase in the number of glassworks in the mid-18th century was reflected by an increase in glass artefacts, which were studied to describe post-medieval glass consumption. Since the local industry was founded in Western Estonia, the focus was on glass from Haapsalu and Pärnu, which were compared with finds from Tallinn. Local glassworks mainly produced flat and vessel glass in green forest glass, and according to the study, they made up most of the finds. Bottles accounted for 50% of all finds for Haapsalu and 44% for Pärnu, but only 13% for Tallinn. The most important local and rarest imported glass and decoration techniques were described in the study. Most notably, it was discovered that in Estonia, grozing was gradually replaced by cutting during the 17th century. Work with the artefacts allowed creating some new words in Estonian in cooperation with the Institute of the Estonian Language – for example, vaaliklaas (linen smoother) and hallitoonitehnika (grisaille).
The doctoral thesis is based on three raw datasets compiled by the author on glassworks, workers and their families, and glass finds. The datasets are freely available via the DataDOI repository.https://www.ester.ee/record=b569285
A hideout, fortified dwelling and labyrinths – archaeological investigations in Hiiumaa: Pelgupaik, kindlustatud elamu ja labürindid – arheoloogilised uuringud Hiiumaal
No full textA hideout, fortified dwelling and labyrinths – archaeological investigations in Hiiuma
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Toompea limestone quarry excavations and surveys on Toom-Kooli Street, Tallinn: Toompea paemurd – uuringud ja järelevalved Toom-Kooli tänaval Tallinnas
No full textToompea limestone quarry excavations and surveys on Toom-Kooli Street, Tallin
Dataset 1. Archaeological glass finds from Estonia
No full textThe purpose of collecting this data was to obtain information about the consumption of glass in Estonia with the emphasis on consumption in Tallinn, Haapsalu, and Pärnu and its changes during the post-medieval period. This dataset of finds is intended for researchers as a basis to build upon and does not contain a complete list of all glass finds. The data in this dataset were collected by Monika Reppo using archaeological finds kept at Estonian History Museum Foundation, Foundation of Haapsalu and Läänemaa Museums, Hiiumaa Museums Foundation, Pärnu Museum Foundation, Tallinn City Museum, Tallinn University archaeological Research Collection, Tartu Town Museum, University of Tartu Archaeological Research Collections, and Viljandi Museum as part of a University of Tartu PhD project ‘Glass and its makers in post-medieval Estonia’ from 2017-2023. This dataset consists of a single table which is one of three datasets in this PhD project
Dataset 2. 16th-19th century glassworkers in Estonia
No full textThis dataset contains genealogical information about migrant glassworkers and their families as well as individuals closely related to the glassworks that operated in Estonia from the 17th-19th century as well as glaziers from the 16th century. This dataset is intended for researchers as a basis to build upon and does not contain a complete list of all migrant glassworkers or their family members who have lived in Estonia. The data in this dataset were collected by Monika Reppo using both records kept and digitized at the National Archives of Estonia, Institute of the Estonian Language, and Estonian History Museum as part of a University of Tartu PhD project ‘Glass and its makers in post-medieval Estonia’ from 2017-2023. This dataset consists of a single table which is one of three datasets compiled as part of this PhD project
SLOW AND DISCONNECTED? THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF 17TH–18TH CENTURY GLASS IN ESTONIA AND THE PROSPECTS OF INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH BASED ON A CASE STUDY OF PÄRNU COUNTY
Full text linkThis article provides an overview of the research into 17th–18thcentury glass in Estonia that has been lacking to date. Works onindustrial archaeology, artefact studies and genealogy are discussed,thereby offering a useful reference point for comparative studies onregional dynamics, influences on glass consumption and production,and the origins of foreign products, merchants and glassmakers. Theuse of art as an iconographic source is described in an attempt topresent material that could help to realise art history’s full potentialin studying glass in Estonia during this period. The potential ofinterdisciplinary research that combines all of the sources notedabove is highlighted through a case study on the research prospectsof Pärnu glassworks based on previously unstudied and unpublisheddata. Based on information from archival records, genealogy,cartography and typology, it is determined that a factory did existin Pärnu in the first half of the 17th century that could potentially beeven older than the factory at Hüti. This could significantly changeour understanding of the beginning of glass production in Estonia
The Bishop’s House and new additions to the study of the limestone quarry on Toompea Hill: Piiskopimaja ja uusi lisandusi Toompea keskaegse paekivikarjääri uurimisse
No full textThe Bishop’s House and new additions to the study of the limestone quarry on Toompea Hil
16th–18th-century drinking vessels with diamond-point engraved decorations
No full textAndmed koguti kasutades erinevaid avaldatud teoseid ja veebikogusid ning arheoloogilisi leide (Eesti, Soome, Läti). Eesmärgiks oli koostada andmestik 16.–18. sajandi façon de Venise graveeritud anumatest muuseumides ja erakogudes, et pakkuda tulevikus hõlpsasti ligipääsetavat teatmekogu arheoloogiliste leidude tuvastamiseks. See andmestik ei ole ammendav. Seda uurimistööd toetas Eesti Teadusnõukogu grant nr PRG2026
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