61,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Reactivation of a Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in a Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta) Experimentally Infected with SIV
No full textTrypanosoma cruzi-like flagellates were incidentally noted in blood smears of a routinely monitored rhesus monkey experimentally infected with the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Immunodeficiency in the course of the SIV infection reactivated a chronic infection of Chagas' disease that had been unnoticed when the macaque was imported to Europe. The animal developed no specific clinical symptoms of American trypanosomiasis, but histologically a chagasic myocarditis was detected. Analysis of the small subunit rRNA gene of the trypanosome identified the protozoan as T. cruzi
Gastrointestinal Pathology in Rhesus Monkeys with Experimental SIV Infection
No full textThe updated results of current pathomorphological investigations in SIV-infected rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) are summarized. After experimental infection with several SIVmac251 subtypes and various vaccination trails, 147 rhesus monkeys were morphologically examined until now. The pathology of the gastrointestinal tract in SIV-infected animals resembled those of human cases with HIV and AIDS. Alterations were considered to be primary SIV-induced (SIV enteropathy, giant cell disease) or secondary caused by opportunistic agents. Typical secondary gastrointestinal opportunistic infectious agents were parasites (Cryptosporidium sp., Trichuris sp., Trichomonas sp., Spironucleus sp.), viruses (cytomegalovirus, adenovirus) and bacteria (Mycobacterium simiae). Five animals developed malignant lymphomas involving the intestinal tract. The present observations revealed that SIV infection of rhesus monkeys provide an excellent model for studies on the pathogenesis of HIV in man
Erfahrungen mit dem kooperativen E-Learning-Datenbankportal edb
No full textDas edb-Portal (http://edb.gm.fh-koeln.de) für die Unterstützung der Lehre im Fach Datenbanken existiert schon seit 20051 und wird zurzeit (2013) von sieben unterschiedlichen Hochschulen eingesetzt. Anhand von Entwicklungstendenzen im Bereich E-Learning wird beschrieben, wie sich edb in den letzten Jahren entwickelt hat. Es werden mehr und mehr komplexe Lehrinhalte dargestellt und vermittelt, die sich aus einem wachsenden Kooperationsbedarf der Lehrenden und der edb-Nutzer selber ergeben. Außerdem werden zunehmend mobile Technologien eingesetzt sowie spielerische Aspekte berücksichtigt. Aus einer ONLINE- Umfrage resultiert, dass viele Studierende das Portal intensiv vor allem zur Prü- fungsvorbereitung nutzen und bei welchen Tools noch Verbesserungsbedarf besteht. Insgesamt eine sehr erfolgreiche Entwicklung, die sich auch auf andere Fä- cher verallgemeinern lässt. Auf E-Learning-Tagungen wie der Delphi 2012 und den Mobile Learning Days2in Ha- gen wurden mehrere Tendenzen im Bereich E-Learning sichtbar: \? Der wachsende Kooperationsbedarf der Lehrenden und der Studierenden im E- Learning \? Die Unterstützung komplexer Lehrinhalte über die Vermittlung von Anfangswissen in einem Wissensgebiet hinaus \? Die Verwendung von mobilen Technologien für bestimmte Lerninhalt \? Gamifikation: Der Einbau spielerischer Elemente in ein E-Learning-Portal \? Auswertung eines Fragebogens der edb-Benutzer In diesem Aufsatz wird nach einer Kurzvorstellung der Historie des edb-Portals auf diese Tendenzen3 eingegangen
A novel embryonic stem cell line derived from the common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) exhibiting germ cell-like characteristics
No full text
The safety and effectiveness of different methods of ear wax removal: a systematic review and economic evaluation
No full textEar wax (cerumen) is a natural secretion produced to protect the inner ear from dirt and other fragments by moving these particles towards the outer ear. If this process does not happen properly, wax may build up causing blockage in the ear canal and the possibility of impaction. People with a build up of ear wax may suffer from hearing loss, discomfort and, on occasions, infection. It may present problems in assessing hearing, blocking the view of the ear drum during medical examination and interfering with the fitting or function of hearing aids. Although it is thought to affect between 2% and 6% of the population in the England and Wales, some groups may be at a higher risk, such as those using hearing aids or with small ear canals and/or skin conditions. Recurrence is thought to be high among some of these groups. The consequences of the build up of ear wax in the ear canal are thought to be a common reason for consultation and cost in general practice with over 2 million consultations per year in the NHS.Methods of removal of ear wax include drops, flushing with water in general practice, and removal with suction or probes in specialist clinics. The relative safety and benefits of these different methods of removal remains uncertain. This research will systematically review published and unpublished evidence on the clinical and cost effectiveness of different methods for the removal of ear wax. Where appropriate, it will develop an economic model using data from this systematic review and other relevant sources to estimate the relative costs and benefits of different methods. In addition, the project will provide recommendations for future research to try to help answer any remaining areas of uncertainty
In die e-Lernkarten geschaut - Eine Studie zur Akzeptanz und Nutzung
No full textMit e-Lernkarten steht ein Ansatz zur Verfügung, der Studierenden eine aktive Auseinandersetzung mit Lerninhalten bietet und durch individuelles Feedback eine gezielte Förderung ermöglicht. In diesem Beitrag werden Ergebnisse aus dem Piloteinsatz der e-Lernkarten in zwei Lehrveranstaltungen präsentiert. Diese zeigen eine verbreitete Akzeptanz und Nutzung der e- Lernkarten, machen allerdings auch organisatorische Bedarfe und technische Optimierungspotenziale deutlich
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