1,721,396 research outputs found
Mobile internet strategy: a reference framework and an empirical survey on the Italian market
No full textAgriculture 4.0: A systematic literature review on the paradigm, technologies and benefits
No full textDemographics will increase the demand for food and reduce the availability of labour in many countries all over the world. Moreover, scarcity of natural resources, climate change and food waste these are issues that are strongly impacting the agricultural sector and undermining sustainability. Digitalisation is expected to be a driving force in tackling these problems that are characterising agriculture. In particular, the adoption of digital technologies to support processes in the primary sector goes by the name of Agriculture 4.0. Although the number of contributions related to these issues is constantly growing, several areas are still unexplored or not fully addressed. This paper addresses the adoption of digital technologies and investigates the application domain of these technologies, presenting a systematic review of the literature on this subject. Moreover, this research shed light on the technologies adopted and related benefits. Hence, the research has turned its attention to the description of the main pillars, such as the categorisation of its main application domains and enabling technologies. The results of the research show that the different technologies applied in the various fields of application provide benefits both in terms of efficiency (cost reduction, farm productivity) and reduced environmental impact and increased sustainability
Agriculture 4.0 paradigm: a preliminary systematic literature review
No full textIn recent years Agriculture 4.0 is gaining attention in literature. But even with a strong scientific background there is a lack of contributions that aim to define the meaning of the paradigm and systematise its pillars. The paper we propose investigates the enabling technologies describing the paradigm, its domain of application, benefits, and challenges, presenting a systematic review of the literature. So, 93 papers have been analysed with the aim at characterizing the phenomenon of “Agriculture 4.0” by examining how the literature describe the convergence of digital agriculture and digital technologies. During the analysis of the chosen literature set, we identify a set of 10 main application domains of digital technologies in agriculture, 11 characterising enabling technologies, 6 main benefits and 7 obstacles related to agriculture 4.0. Indeed, from the review, it emerges that there are significant areas of the phenomenon that are still unexplored and/or not fully addressed; this calls for future researchers to expand the area of investigation into smart agriculture (regarding the technologies covered and the effect achievable from the combinatorial effect among them) and to develop models and frameworks to support policy and decision making related to the agriculture 4.0 paradigm
Do we still need financial intermediation? The case of decentralized finance – DeFi
Full text linkPurpose: Decentralized finance (DeFi), enabled by blockchain, could bring about a new financial system, where peers will interact directly, with little or no place for traditional intermediation. However, some crucial tasks cannot be left solely to an algorithm and, consequently, most DeFi applications still require human decisions. The aim of this research is to assess the role of intermediation in the light of DeFi, analysing how humans and algorithms will interact. Design/methodology/approach: The authors based their work on a twofold qualitative methodology, first analysing publicly available secondary data, particularly from white papers and DeFi Pulse (a website providing data on DeFi solutions) and then running two focus group discussions. Findings: DeFi does not eliminate financial intermediation, but enables it to be performed in new ways, where decentralization means that no single entity can hold too much power or monopoly. DeFi has, however, inherited risks from the underlying technologies that unintentionally facilitate illegal behaviour and can hamper the authorities’ supervision. The complex duality algorithm- vs human-based actions will not be solved indisputably in favour of the former, as DeFi solutions can range from requiring algorithms to play a dominant role, to enabling greater human interaction by actively involving more people. Originality/value: This research contributes to the emerging debate between algorithm- and human-based intermediation, especially in relation to the standing literature on financial intermediation, where considerations made in the light of the newest theories on blockchain and DeFi are still scarce
The 4.0 revolution in agriculture: a multi-perspective definition
No full textIn the early 2010s, a new revolution in agriculture has been triggered by the introduction of digital
technologies, such as cheap and improved sensors and actuators, low cost micro-processors, high bandwidth cellular
communication, Cloud based ICT systems and Big Data analytics. As a result, a new phase in the agricultural
evolution started: the so-called Agriculture 4.0. Since the novelty of the notion and the little attention demonstrated
by the literature, a holistic definition of Agriculture 4.0 is not present yet. Indeed, different authors take different
perspectives from which the Agriculture 4.0 concept is studied and explained: Precision Farming Evolution
perspective, Industry 4.0 in agriculture perspective, Digital Technologies perspective, Informed Decision-Making
perspective, Beyond the Farm Boundaries perspective and Ultimate Goal perspective. In the last years, different
authors attempted to define the Agriculture 4.0 concept, anyway lacking in completeness: the analysis presented
shows that Agriculture 4.0 cannot be fully appreciated and understood without taking a multi-perspective approach.
Therefore, a systematic literature review has been performed with the objective to provide a clear and holistic
definition of Agriculture 4.0 and the related boundaries
The Digital Agricultural Revolution: A Bibliometric Analysis Literature Review
Full text linkThe application of digital technologies in agriculture can improve traditional practices to adapt to climate change, reduce Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions, and promote a sustainable intensification for food security. Some authors argued that we are experiencing a Digital Agricultural Revolution (DAR) that will boost sustainable farming. This study aims to find evidence of the ongoing DAR process and clarify its roots, what it means, and where it is heading. We investigated the scientific literature with bibliometric analysis tools to produce an objective and reproducible literature review. We retrieved 4995 articles by querying the Web of Science database in the timespan 2012-2019, and we analyzed the obtained dataset to answer three specific research questions: i) what is the spectrum of the DAR-related terminology?; ii) what are the key articles and the most influential journals, institutions, and countries?; iii) what are the main research streams and the emerging topics? By grouping the authors' keywords reported on publications, we identified five main research streams: Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA), Site-Specific Management (SSM), Remote Sensing (RS), Internet of Things (IoT), and Artificial Intelligence (AI). To provide a broad overview of each of these topics, we analyzed relevant review articles, and we present here the main achievements and the ongoing challenges. Finally, we showed the trending topics of the last three years (2017, 2018, 2019)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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