1,720,954 research outputs found
Mechanical processing of grain fraction as a strategy to increase the inclusion of corn silage in diets of dairy cows
No full textObjetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o processamento mecânico dos grãos na colheita da planta inteira de milho sobre o padrão fermentativo, composição nutricional das silagens, bem como, as respostas produtivas e fisiológicas de vacas leiteiras. Comparando a efetividade do processamento dos grãos em relação à estratégia de adicionar milho seco moído a uma dieta com silagem não processada, fornecendo assim maior aporte de energia as dietas sem processamento. Foram utilizadas duas colhedoras tracionada por trator, uma delas contendo processador de grãos \"cracker\" (Menta ATM 1.3) e a outra sem o processador (Menta ATM 1.1). A ensilagem da cultura de milho com e sem processador foi realizada em escala laboratorial, utilizando silos experimentais com capacidade de 20 litros e 10 repetições por tratamento. Também foram armazenadas em dois silos trincheiras, sendo um para cada tratamento. Nos dois experimentos, o tempo de armazenamento das silagens foi de 140 dias. As dietas do ensaio de desempenho animal foram calculadas para terem silagem de milho como volumoso único, nas formas processada ou não processada. O terceiro tratamento foi elaborado para equiparação à oferta de energia da silagem processada, contendo silagem não processada adicionada de 0,5 kg de milho seco moído, com base no percentual de grãos abaixo de 4,75 mm da silagem não processada. Os resultados obtidos a partir de silos de pequena escala revelaram um aumento de CNF para a silagem processada. A qualidade da fermentação foi semelhante entre as silagens, com valores de pH adequados para uma conservação eficiente (<4,0). A estabilidade aeróbia não foi afetada pelo processamento, com média de 35,8 horas. Quanto ao fracionamento dos grãos, foi observado menor tamanho geométrico na silagem processada, fruto da maior proporção de grãos abaixo de 4,75 mm (69,9%) em relação ao tratamento não processado (61,6 %). Isso resultou em aumento do KPS de 37,23 para 48,30%, com uso do cracker. Sobre o ensaio de desempenho animal, a caracterização das silagens por meio de estatística descritiva sinalizou para respostas semelhantes em função do processamento. Foi constatado um aumento de produção de leite de 1 kg d-1 para as dietas com silagem processada, comparado à dieta sem processamento. Esse dado foi suportado pelo maior aporte de glicose plasmática pelo tratamento com processador. A produção de leite registrada para a silagem não processada + milho foi semelhante à da silagem processada, ambas com média de 26,9 kg d-1. No entanto, o tratamento com adição de milho moído resultou em aumento de amido fecal de 2,53% para 3,45%. Essa perda em função do maior uso de grãos secos na dieta, dentro do contexto de alta no preço dos ingredientes concentrados revelou a menor eficiência desse tratamento, cuja dieta se mostrou mais cara.The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of mechanical grain processing on the harvest of the whole-plant corn on the fermentative pattern, nutritional composition of silages, as well as the productive and physiological responses of dairy cows. Comparing the effectiveness of grain processing in relation to the strategy of adding dry ground corn to a diet with unprocessed silage, providing greater energy supply to diets without processing. Two pull-type harvesting machines used, one containing a cracker grain processor (Menta ATM 1.3) and the other without a processor (Menta ATM 1.1). The silage of the corn with and without a processor was carried out on a laboratory scale, using experimental silos with a capacity of 20 liters and 10 replicates per treatment. They were also stored in two trench silos, one for each treatment. The silage storage lasted 140 days in both experiments. The diets of the animal performance test were calculated to have corn silage as a single source of roughage, in the processed or unprocessed forms. The third treatment was designed to match the energy supply of the processed silage, containing unprocessed silage added with 0.5 kg of dry ground corn, based on the percentage of grains below 4.75 mm. The results obtained from small-scale silos revealed an increase in NFC for the processed silage. The fermentation quality was similar among the silages, with pH values adequate for efficient conservation (<4.0). Aerobic stability was not affected by processing, with an average of 35.8 hours. As for fractionation of grains, a smaller geometric size was observed in the processed silage because of the greater proportion of grains below 4.75 mm (69.9%) in relation to the unprocessed treatment (61.6%). This resulted in an increase in KPS from 37.23 to 48.30% with the use of crackers. Regarding the animal performance test, the characterization of the silages through descriptive statistics signaled for similar responses depending on the processing. An increase in milk production of 1 kg d-1 was found for diets with processed silage, compared to the diet without processing. This data was supported by the greater supply of plasma glucose provided by the treatment with a processor. The production of milk recorded for unprocessed silage + corn was similar to the processed silage, both with an average of 26.9 kg d-1. However, the treatment with ground corn resulted in an increase in fecal starch from 2.53% to 3.45%. This loss due to the increased use of dry grains in the diet, within the context of high prices for concentrated ingredients, revealed the lower efficiency of this treatment, whose diet proved to be more expensive
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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