1,720,963 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
3D Modelling of air pollution at urban scale
No full textThe aim of this thesis is the development and the validation of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solvers and new methodologies to assess air quality in urban areas. To do so, the Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes methodology (URANS) is chosen and two new solvers are built. It includes a Forced Convection Solver (FCS) for neutral atmospheres modelling and a Mixed Convection Solver (MCS) for stable and unstable atmospheres modelling where other important phenomena such as the effects of vegetation are also considered. The results of these solvers were compared to seven test cases including wind tunnel and in-situ experiments which show that an error of less than 10% can be expected on modelled concentrations, but also that indoor/outdoor exchange can be efficiently modelled. The issue of computational domain including domain extension, meshing, boundary conditions emissions and background concentrations for air quality modelling in urban areas are dealt in an improvement approach, especially in the engineering context. Numerous new methodologies are developed and validated, and their limits assessed including methodologies to assess nitrogen dioxide concentrations based on nitrogen oxides concentrations, to assess continuous wind distributions based on discrete data such as given by wind roses or to assess mean annual concentration based on punctual numerical results. The interest and potential of such numerical models and methodologies is lastly highlighted and examples of application for the purpose of design, understanding and diagnosis are presented.Le but de ce travail de thèse est le développement et la validation de codes de calcul de type mécanique des fluides numérique, ou CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), ainsi que de nouvelles méthodologies pour évaluer la qualité de l’air en zone urbaine. Pour cela, la méthodologie RANS en écoulement transitoire (Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) est retenue et deux nouveaux codes de calcul sont développés. Ceci inclut un modèle à convection forcée (FCS) pour modéliser les atmosphères neutres, ainsi qu’un modèle à convection mixte (MCS) pour modéliser les atmosphères stables et instables, mais aussi d’autres phénomènes tels que les effets de la végétation. Les résultats de ces deux codes de calcul sont comparés à sept cas tests expérimentaux réalisés en soufflerie, mais aussi sur le terrain et les résultats montrent que des erreurs de moins de 10% peuvent être attendues au sujet des concentrations modélisées, mais aussi que les échanges intérieurs/extérieurs peuvent être modélisés de façon performante. La question du domaine de calcul incluant les dimensions du domaine, le maillage, les conditions aux limites, les émissions ainsi que la concentration de fond dans le cadre de la modélisation de la qualité de l’air en environnement urbain est traitée dans une approche d’amélioration et, particulièrement dans le contexte de l’ingénierie. Plusieurs nouvelles méthodologies sont développées et validées incluant des méthodologies pour évaluer les concentrations en dioxyde d’azote sur la base des concentrations en oxydes d’azote, pour évaluer la distribution continue du vent sur la base de données discrètes issues des roses des vents, ou encore pour évaluer les concentrations moyennes annuelles sur la base de résultats numériques ponctuels. L’intérêt et le potentiel de ce type de modèle numérique et de méthodologies sont enfin mis en avant et des exemples d’application à des fins de conception, compréhension et diagnostic sont présentés
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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