1,720,995 research outputs found
Austrolittorina araucana
No full textAustrolittorina araucana (d’Orbigny, 1840) Littorina araucana d’Orbigny, 1840: 393–394; Atlas pl. 53, figs. 8– 10 (Valparaiso, Chili, also entire coast as far as Arica, Pérou [Valparaíso, Chile, toArica, Chile], restricted to Valparaíso (Reid, 2002 a); lectotype (Reid, 2002 a) BMNH 1854.12.4.365/1; 12 paralectotypes BMNH 1854.12.4.365/2, seen). Nodilittorina araucana Reid, 2002 a: 142–145, figs16G, H (radula), 18A–J, 19A–C (penes), F (egg capsule), H (pallial oviduct), J, K (paraspermatozoa), 20 (distribution). Austrolittorina araucana.— Williams et al., 2003.Published as part of Reid, DG & Williams, ST, 2004, The Subfamily Littorininae (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the Temperate Southern Hemisphere: The Genera Nodilittorina, Austrolittorina and Afrolittorina, pp. 75-122 in Records of the Australian Museum 56 on pages 99-10
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Afrolittorina Williams, Reid & Littlewood 2003
No full textAfrolittorina Williams, Reid & Littlewood, 2003 Type species. Litorina africana Krauss, in Philippi, 1847. Taxonomic history. Both Afrolittorina africana and A. knysnaensis were classified by Rosewater (1970) as members of his new subgenus Littorina (Austrolittorina), on the basis of their non-nodulose shells and Nodilittorina - like penes and radulae. The two remaining members, A. praetermissa and A. acutispira were transferred to L. (Austrolittorina) subsequently (Ponder & Rosewater, 1979). These four species were included in Nodilittorina (Austrolittorina) by Reid (2002 a), as defined by the loop of the egg groove through the capsule gland of the pallial oviduct. A formal cladistic analysis of morphological characters of Nodilittorina s.l. (Reid, 2002 b) did not support Austrolittorina as a monophyletic group. However, it did identify these four species as a clade, supported by the single unequivocal and unreversed synapomorphy of the loop of the egg groove through the jelly gland (elsewhere in the subfamily this feature is found only in Melarhaphe neritoides, in which the loop is elaborated into a spiral). DNA-sequence data have since shown unequivocally that the four species are not members of the Austrolittorina clade, but are the sister group of the northern-hemisphere genus Littorina, thus justifying the introduction of the new genus Afrolittorina (Williams et al., 2003). Diagnosis. Shell not nodulose; spiral striae or smooth; eroded parietal area usually absent; no pseudoumbilicus; pale with diffuse pattern of mottling, marbling or tessellation, rarely axially aligned. Cephalic tentacles with transverse lines, 1–2 longitudinal black stripes, or black. Penis with swollen filament; base bifurcate; single mamilliform gland; glandular disc of subepithelial glandular tissue may be large, minute or absent; if absent, epithelium around mamilliform gland is tall and secretory; penial vas deferens an open groove. Rod bodies of paraspermatozoa long and straight, or small and irregular. In pallial oviduct egg groove makes a simple loop through albumen gland, large circular loop through capsule gland, smaller loop in jelly gland; copulatory bursa opens in posterior position. (After Williams et al., 2003.)Published as part of Reid, DG & Williams, ST, 2004, The Subfamily Littorininae (Gastropoda: Littorinidae) in the Temperate Southern Hemisphere: The Genera Nodilittorina, Austrolittorina and Afrolittorina, pp. 75-122 in Records of the Australian Museum 56 on page 10
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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