1,721,204 research outputs found
Reid, Andrew A.
No full textcurrentPhD (Simon Fraser University)
MA (Simon Fraser University)
BA (Simon Fraser University)
Professional Affiliations:
American Society of Criminology
British Columbia Crime Prevention Association
Canadian Criminal Justice Association
Western Society of Criminology
Douglas College Faculty member since 2015.
My current research program is broadly centred on studying issues related to the criminal courts in Canada, with a more specific focus on sentencing. By adopting an interdisciplinary approach, my recent research has applied geographic measurement concepts to a variety of problems that have long plagued sentencing in Canada. The goal in this regard has been to produce a greater understanding of sentencing patterns for the development of effective criminal justice policy.
Prior to starting at Douglas College, I conducted research at the Institute for Canadian Urban Research Studies (ICURS). That experience included developing computational models for studying travel patterns of offenders, the relationship between social network structure and deviant behaviour, and the influence of the built environment on crime patterns. Other research experience includes crime prevention evaluation and cost-benefit analyses of harm reduction strategies
Climate change adaptation strategies in the Baltic Sea Region
No full textCLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION
Climate change adaptation strategies in the Baltic Sea Region / Reid, Andrew (Rights reserved) (-
Revisiting leniency: An intra-provincial study of sentencing variation in British Columbia
No full textThe Canadian public is known to hold the belief that sentences for criminal offences are too lenient and this perspective is said to be magnified in the province of British Columbia. Despite these sentiments, recent research on Canadian sentencing patterns has demonstrated considerable evidence that British Columbia is no more lenient or harsh compared to other Canadian provinces. It is possible, however, that public concern about leniency in the courts stems not from a provincial comparative framework but, rather, a more local relative perspective. Given this proposition, there are a number of pressing research questions that may be posed. Does sentencing for specific offences vary by court jurisdiction in British Columbia? I f so, is the variation statistically significant? Do certain courts consistently sentence more leniently or harshly than others? This article advances a comprehensive research design to explore intra-provincial patterns of sentencing and respond to these questions. Analysis of a comprehensive dataset of prison sentences handed down in Provincial Courts in the province reveals that while there are many statistically significant differences between courts, few consistent patterns emerge. As a result, there is little evidence of leniency between court jurisdictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]Peer reviewedFinal article publishe
Extending a geographic perspective to the study of jurisdictional consistency in sentencing outcomes
Full text linkConsistency in sentencing has long been regarded a fundamental principle of justice. Yet despite its universal importance, research has been hindered by many theoretical and methodological challenges. This study identifies a new concern with strategies used to measure jurisdictional consistency: direct measures fail to account for sentencing patterns developed at the local level. The objective of this study is to assess the utility of applying a geographic perspective to analyses of sentencing outcomes – one concerned with proportionate comparisons between jurisdictions. This is achieved by proposing a variant of a common metric applied in geographic research: the location quotient. Analyses using the new strategy compare sentence outcomes across provincial/territorial jurisdictions in Canada (2014-15). The technique identifies new patterns of consistency and inconsistency that would otherwise have gone undetected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]Peer reviewedlocation quotientsentencesconsistencydisparityimprisonmentPost refereed / Accepted manuscript (Embargoed due to publisher restrictions until October 2020)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Reducing the use of imprisonment: Lessons from 20 years' experience in Canada
No full textIn order to reduce or constrain prison populations, many different strategies have been proposed, trialled, or implemented. In 1996, Canada created the first and, to date, most ambitious home confinement sanction, the Conditional Sentence of Imprisonment (CSI). This study tracks annual changes to correctional admissions since the introduction of the sanction to assess whether it has reduced custodial admissions for Aboriginal offenders. There is evidence that the CSI had a modest decarceration effect overall and for Aboriginal offenders specifically. These effects were strongest in the initial years after the sanction was introduced, with waning performance in the most recent decade. The decarceration effects have not been erased but nor has the serious problem of over-incarceration among Aboriginal offenders.Peer reviewedFinal article publishedDC Author's celebration 2022sentencesAboriginal offendersalternatives to imprisonmenthome confinementhouse arrestcommunity custod
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
