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"… one who has put himself into a state of war with me" - Natur- und Kriegszustand im Second Treatise (Kap. 2+3)
No full text"… one who has put himself into a state of war with me" - Natur- und Kriegszustand im Second Treatise (Kap. 2+3)
No full textJohn Locke: Zwei Abhandlungen über die Regierung
No full text„The ABC of Politics“ wurde Lockes politische Philosophie schon von seinen Zeitgenossen genannt. Locke legt nicht nur dar, weshalb man den Naturzustand verlassen soll – der Staat garantiert den Schutz von Leben, Freiheiten und Vermögen – sondern auch, was ein guter Staat konkret zu leisten hat: Der Staat soll die Individuen vor Angriffen ihrer Mitbürger und fremder Mächte schützen, aber auch vor sich selbst. Lockes anti-absolutistische Staatstheorie zeigt auf, wie die Macht politischer Institutionen begrenzt werden kann: durch Gewaltenteilung, feststehende Gesetze, unparteiische Richter und die Abhängigkeit vom Vertrauen der Gesellschaft, dessen Verletzung zum Widerstand berechtigt. Insbesondere die „Zweite Abhandlung über die Regierung“ ist damit nicht nur ein zentrales Dokument politischen Denkens des 17. Jahrhunderts, sie hat etwa die Entstehung der amerikanischen Verfassung geprägt und beeinflusst bis heute die Debatten um Republikanismus und Liberalismus. Dieser Band liefert einen kooperativen Kommentar zu allen wichtigen Themen der „Zwei Abhandlungen“. Die Beiträge folgen im Wesentlichen der Gliederung der wirkungsmächtigeren „Zweiten Abhandlung“ und bieten durch ihre kritischen Analysen wertvolle Anregungen für Studium und Diskussion der Theorie Lockes. Mit Beiträgen von Wolfgang von Leyden, Bernd Ludwig, Peter Niesen, Francis Oakley, Birger Priddat, Michaela Rehm, Michael Schefczyk, Ludwig Siep, A. John Simmons und Simone Zurbuche
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
„Ein rein bürgerliches Glaubensbekenntnis“: Zivilreligion als Vollendung des Politischen?
Get PDFThe author offers a critical commentary on Rousseau’s chapter on civil religion in the “Social Contract”, book 4, chapter 8. It investigates Rousseau’s attempt to overcome the conflict between politics and religion by merging a civil religion that creates an emotional bond to the particular state without fostering superstition and intolerance, and it shows that this attempt fails. It is demonstrated that Rousseau’s concept of civil religion neither offers any doctrine of salvation transcending this life nor prescribes any content going beyond moral norms. Civil religion for Rousseau is in service to politics and its instrumental character is desired by the citizens who are supposed autonomously to agree on the need of a secularized civil ethic
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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