1,721,062 research outputs found
Prices and Wages in New Castile: the Construction of an Index of Real Wages, 1501-1991
No full textUsing published and unpublished data, mainly taken from central Spain and especially from Madrid, annual series of prices, wages and real wages between 1501 and 1991 have been constructed. A detailed explanation is given of the sources and procedures used in the construction of the series, and the reliability of the different adjustments is evaluated. The resulting time series clearly portray the medium and long-term trends of prices and wages in central Spain. When compared with English data, similar trends emerge
Population et économie dans le Mexique du XVIIIe siècle : une analyse des fluctuations annuelles
No full textReher (David-Sven). - Population and Economies in 18th Century Mexico: an Analysis of Annual Fluctuations. Based on annual series of vital statistics and series of corn prices during the eighteenth century in the central part of Mexico, the present paper systematically analyzes the relation between short-term demographic and economic fluctuations. This study makes use of five year distributed lag models which enable us to see the directionality, intensity and temporal structure of the relations between population and economy. Wherever possible, the data have been controlled for social-ethnic group. The strong influence of prices on fertility and on mortality, as well as the clear social differentiation of many of the observed responses, are among the most salient results of this study.Reher (David-Sven). - Population et économie dans le Mexique du xvine siècle : une analyse des fluctuations annuelles. L'article présente une analyse systématique des relations entre les mouvements démographiques à court terme et les fluctuations économiques, en s'appuyant sur les statistiques annuelles de l'état civil et celles du prix du blé, au xvine siècle dans le centre du Mexique. Le recours à un modèle de retards échelonnés sur cinq ans permet de faire ressortir la direction, l'intensité et la structure temporelle des relations entre population et économie. Aussi souvent que possible, on a introduit une différenciation par groupe socio-ethnique. Les résultats les plus saillants sont la forte influence des prix sur la fécondité et la mortalité, ainsi que la nette différenciation sociale de la plupart de ces relations.Reher (David-Sven). - Población y Economia, Mexico en el Siglo XVIII : Un análisis de las fluctuaciones anuales. Basado en series anuales de acontecimientos vitales y otras de precios del mais durante el siglo XVIII en la parte central de Mexico, el présente escrito prétende analizar sis- temáticamente la relación entre fluctuaciones demográficas y económicas en el corto plazo. El estudio hace uso de modelos de retardos distribuidos sobre un periodo de cinco aflos que nos permiten ver con claridad la direccionalidad, la intensidad y la estructura temporal de las relaciones entre población y economia. Donde haya sido posible, el análisis ha controla- do por grupo étnico-social. Entre los resultados destacan la fuerte influencia que mantienen los precios sobre las fluctuaciones de la fecundidad y de la mortalidad, y la clara diferen- ciación social en algunas de las respuestas observadas.Sven Reher David. Population et économie dans le Mexique du XVIIIe siècle : une analyse des fluctuations annuelles. In: Population, 46ᵉ année, n°5, 1991. pp. 1185-1205
Producción, precios e integración de los mercados regionales de grano en la España preindustrial
Get PDFEditada en la Fundación Empresa PúblicaEste trabajo aborda la integración de los distintos mercados regionales
de grano en España durante el Antiguo Régimen. Haciendo uso de series
de precios y de producción de diversa procedencia, el autor emplea técnicas
de estimación relativamente sencillas, desde correlaciones y desviaciones típicas
de series sin tendencia hasta modelos de retardos distribuidos. Estas técnicas
revelan la existencia de una covariación entre los precios de granos
en distintos mercados regionales, así como la existencia de efectos simultáneos
y retardados de la producción de granos sobre el precio de los mismos en
mercados locales y bastante más lejanos. El autor concluye que existía una
integración modesta pero en aumento de los distintos mercados en la Península,
sobre todo durante el siglo XVIII, y que las instituciones eran capaces
de amortiguar en parte los efectos de una cosecha fallida. El trabajo concluye
apuntando el calendario posible de la progresiva integración de los mercados
de grano ocurrida a lo largo de buena parte del siglo XIX en España.The present paper deals with regional grain market integration in Spain
during the Old Regime. Using mostly published price and production seríes,
the author employs straightforward statistical techniques, rangíng from correlations
and standard deviations of detrended series to distributed lag models.
These techniques show the existence of a clear covariation in the price of
grain on different regional markets, as well as both simultaneous and delayed
effects of grain production on prices both locally and at considerably greater
distances. The author concludes that regional grain markets on the peninsula
were modestly but increasingly integrated over the period, especially during
the eighteenth century, and that existing institutions were a partial buffer
for the immediate effects of harvest failures. The paper concludes by suggesting
the potential timing for the progressive intergration of grain markets taking
place throughout much of the nineteenth century in Spain.Publicad
Introduction à l'étude de l'information nominative à partir de la mise sur ordinateur des archives paroissiales espagnoles
No full textBased on 37,000 records extracted from the parish registers of the town of Cuenca (Spain) between the mid-XVIth and the mid-XIXth centuries, the project was addressed at reconstituting whole families : the records selected provided 99% nominal data. A short description of the methods adopted (computerized) and the problems encountered is provided, with a fuller discussion of the specific difficulties stemming from name variability.Le projet a été réalisé à partir du dépouillement de 37 000 actes relevés dans les registres paroissiaux de la ville de Cuenca (Espagne) entre le milieu du XVIe et le milieu du XIXe siècle. Le but était de reconstruire par ordinateur des familles entières, les registres choisis ayant la grande qualité de fournir 99 % d'informations nominatives. Les méthodes adoptées et les problèmes rencontrés sont sommairement décrits. Est plus particulièrement étudiée la difficulté posée par la variabilité des noms.Sven Reher David. Introduction à l'étude de l'information nominative à partir de la mise sur ordinateur des archives paroissiales espagnoles. In: Annales de démographie historique, 1984. Démographie historique et généalogie. pp. 137-146
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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