186,310 research outputs found
The concept of the mask and the doctor-patient relationship: insights from a (re)reading of Luigi Pirandello’s Six Characters in Search of an Author
No full textThe concept of the mask and the doctor-patient relationship: insights from a (re)reading of Luigi Pirandello's Six Characters in Search of an Author. The aim of this article is to explore the concept of the "mask" and its relevance within the doctor-patient relationship, as well as within the broader medical-scientific context. The primary reference for this analysis is Luigi Pirandello's work Six Characters in Search of an Author (1921), which embodies universal themes, supplemented by examples from figurative art. What emerges is the patient's necessity, utilizing artistic expression, to narrate their own experiences through a mask that serves as the vessel for their innermost emotions
Ethics and Health Technology Assessment (HTA): concerning difficulties for their integration
No full textEthics have always been considered an integral part of Health Technology Assessment (HTA) processes, because the assessment of ethical consequences related to the use of health technologies represents one of the fundamental objectives of this research sector, according to the criterion for assessments of safety and efficacy, as well as economic, organizational, socio-cultural and legal impact. These statements of intent have not corresponded to an effective performance in practice: ethics has not had much space in HTA and only rarely have ethical analyses found a place in these reports. A number of hypotheses have been presented, defining the reasons for the difficulty of integrating ethics into HTA. This article intends to argue about the hypothesis, according to which, besides the basic failure of integrating ethics into the HTA, there also exists, above all, an epistemological type proble
Ética y Health Technology Assessment (HTA): sobre las dificultades de su integración
No full textLa ética ha sido desde siempre considerada parte integrante de los procesos de Health Technology Assessment (HTA), en el sentido de que la valoración de las consecuencias de tipo ético relativas al uso de tecnologías sanitarias representa uno de los objetivos fundamentales de este sector de investigación, según el criterio de las valoraciones sobre la seguridad, la eficacia, el impacto económico, el organizativo, socio-cultural y legal. A estas declaraciones de intenciones no ha correspondido una efectiva actuación en la práctica: la ética no ha tenido gran espacio en la HTA y sólo raramente los análisis éticos han encontrado lugar en los report. Sobre las razones de la dificultad de integrar la ética en la HTA se ha presentado una serie de hipótesis. Es presente artículo pretende argumentar sobre la hipótesis, según la cual, a la base del fracaso de la integración de la ética en la HTA, exista también y sobre todo un problema de naturaleza epistemológica
I processi di valutazione delle tecnologie sanitarie (Health Technology Assessment o HTA). Conferenza
No full textN/
Trasfusioni di sangue
No full textLa voce affronta il tema gli aspetti etici relativi alle trasfusioni di sangu
Exploring the ethical issues of digital therapeutics (DTx)
No full textDigital therapeutics (DTx) are innovative evidence-based medical interventions, driven by high-
quality software programs to prevent, manage, or treat diseases of patients. DTx are also defined
as “drugs” where algorithms are the active ingredient instead of a chemical or biological
substance. DTX can be used alone or in combination with other devices or medications.
DTxs are finding application in a variety of areas, including chronic diseases (type II diabetes,
hypertension, obesity, insomnia, Alzheimer’s), and above all addictions (alcohol, smoking, and
drugs). Today there are roughly 35 to 40 products on the market, 8 of which approved by
regulatory agencies. The value of the global DTx market has been estimated at USD 1.8 billion in
2018, and it is expected to reach USD 8.9 billion by 2027.
DTx differ from common wellness apps or medication reminder tools in that they require
“rigorous” clinical evidence. However, their use raises a number of ethical concerns. Aim of the
present work is to provide an overview of the main ethical issues pertaining the assessment of this
emerging technology. The final purpose is to support and facilitate an open and transparent
ethical debate with regard to DTx
Opinioni pubbliche in bioetica*
No full textThe phenomenon of public opinion is one of the fundamental figures in today’s democratic processes, especially within the context of the increasingly desired deliberative perspective. Even in reference to bioethical issues, parliaments have often to legislate under the pressure of public opinion. Who or what is more precisely “public opinion”? The first aim of this article is cognitive: through a brief historical reconstruction of the concept of “public opinion”, its typification, and an explication of the main theories of its formation, we will try to capture complexity and ambiguity of this concept. Second, we will extrapolate the main features of the modern concept of deliberative democracy. Third, we will briefly analyze the characteristics of information in bioethics. The final aim of the article is to try to draw practical indications for public opinion formation on bioethical issues in the context of journalistic communication, having the deliberative model of democracy as a background
HTA dei piccoli numeri
No full textIl contributo ha affrontato il tema della valutazione dei farmaci orfani nei processi di HT
Skills building seminar: Navigating the ocean of data: unpacking ethical values in Health Technology Assessment
No full textHealth technology assessment (HTA) is multidisciplinary
process that uses explicit methods to determine the value of
a health technology at different points in its lifecycle. The
purpose is to implement an informed decision-making process
in order to promote an equitable, efficient, and high-quality
health system. Ethics has been identified as a key element in
HTA because health care is a moral endeavour and potential
technology presents complex moral dilemmas, especially with
the rise of novel technologies. In evaluating health technologies, ethical aspects must be taken into account such as
patients’ privacy and informed consent in terms of (re-)use of
their personal sensitive data, alongside with the possibility of
unintended consequences (e.g., doing more harm than good:
Thalidomide case) and the effects on society in terms of justice
and equity, with implications for financial sustainability.
Without taking account of the ethical dimension in the
process, choices may be made without considering the overall
context of implementation, thus, compromising the relevance
of decisions and policies, with potentially unintended consequences and/or harmful effects to the health and wellbeing of
individuals/patients, to public health, to the environment, and
to the society at large. Decision-makers should guarantee that
adopted health technologies are meaningful and relevant for
the society, with due consideration to their development too,
to the extent possible, by also taking ethical aspects into
consideration when evaluating health technology. Despite
many years of recognising ethics as a foundational part of
HTA, studies have shown that the ethical dimension is still not
systematically and sufficiently addressed by means of ethical
analysis. Furthermore, novel technologies, new types of data,
and a paradigm shift in terms of how we generate and
synthesize evidence, whilst providing us with unique
opportunities in terms of HTA, pose concrete challenges and
new (and revisited) dilemmas. EUPHA-HTA, EUPHA-ETH
and EUPHAnxt sections and HTAi are committed to build
capacity amongst healthcare professionals about evidencebased decision-making with due consideration to ethical
aspects. The aim of this workshop is two-fold. First, we will
discuss the role of ethics in healthcare decision-making and
tools to ensure the integration of ethics in the HTA process.
We will then explore case studies and present a simple model
with the contribution of EUPHA-HTA, EUPHA-ETH, and
HTAi to illustrate ethical dilemmas that can arise during HTA
processes. In the second half of workshop, attendees will be
divided into groups to discuss ethical challenges in HTA and
means to overcome them. We will capture the needs and input
of young researchers/audience and move towards developing a
EUPHA-HTAi priority map for competency mapping as
output
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