22 research outputs found
植物の実生段階における炭素ナノ材料の毒性評価に関する研究
No full textCarbon nanomaterials(CNMs) which represented by graphene oxide(GO) and carbon nanotubes(CNTs) have been widely applied in nano science and nano industry. The use of CNMs was supposed contribute to negative consequences related to their environmental exposure to human, animal and plant. Therefore the biological effect of CNMs has been evaluated intensively and urgently suggested that the studies of their environmental fate would be very important in the field of nano-toxicology. The effects of graphene oxide(GO) on root and shoot growth, biomass, shape, cell death, and reactive oxygen species(ROS) of cabbage, tomato, red spinach, and lettuce, were investigated using a concentration range from 500 to 2000 mg/L. The results of the combined morphological and physiological analysis indicate that after 20 days of exposure under our experimental conditions, GO significantly inhibited plant growth and biomass compared to a control. The number and size of leaves of the GO - treated plants were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Significant effects also were detected showing a concentration dependent increase in ROS and cell death as well as visible symptoms of necrotic lesions, indicating GO -induced adverse effects on cabbage, tomato, and red spinach mediated by oxidative stress necrosis. Little or no significant toxic effect was observed with lettuce seedlings under the same conditions. The potential effect of GO largely depends on dose, exposure time, and plant. Abundant experimental data have shown that multiwall carbon nanotubes(MWNTs) are toxic to plants, but the potential impacts of exposure remain unclear. The objective of the present study was to evaluate possible phytotoxicity of MWNTs at 0, 20, 200, 1000, and 2000 mg/L with red spinach, lettuce, rice, cucumber, chili, lady's finger, and soybean based on root and shoot growth, cell death, and electrolyte leakage at the seedling stage. After 15 days of hydroponic culture, the root and shoot lengths of red spinach, lettuce, and cucumber were significantly reduced following exposure to 1000 mg/L and 2000 mg/L MWNTs. Similar toxic effects occurred regarding cell death and electrolyte leakage. Red spinach and lettuce were most sensitive to MWNTs, followed by rice and cucumber. Very little or no toxic effects were observed for chili, lady's finger, and soybean. Further, we investigated the phytotoxicity of MWNTs on lettuce regarding inhibition effect on plant growth development as well as cell damage on root and leaves. We have cultured the plant seeding of lettuce using Hoagland's Media treated with MWNTs hydroponically. After two weeks, we observed the toxic symptoms in the presence of MWNTs in a dose-dependent manner as compared to carbon black(CB). Statistically, MWNTs could inhibit the seed germination, plant growth and plant biomass. Microscopic analysis showed the attachment of MWNTs on the root surface area, deterioration of root tip and an image of penetration of MWNTs into plant cell wall. We also showed that MWNTs caused cell death on root and leaves. In situ detection of hydrogen peroxide has proposed the Reactive oxygen species(ROS) for mechanism of toxic effect of MWNTs. In general conclusion, CNMs may not negatively affect all crop species at low concentration; however in some cases apoptosis were found. But at high concentration, CNMs could induce the overproduction of ROS through oxidative stress mechanism which visibly detected as necrotic lesions
Graphene phytotoxicity in the seedling stage of cabbage, tomato, red spinach, and lettuce
No full textThe effects of graphene on root and shoot growth, biomass, shape, cell death, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of cabbage, tomato, red spinach, and lettuce, were investigated using a concentration range from 500 to 2000 mg/L. The results of the combined morphological and physiological analyses indicate that after 20 days of exposure under our experimental conditions, graphene significantly inhibited plant growth and biomass compared to a control. The number and size of leaves of the graphene-treated plants were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Significant effects also were detected showing a concentration-dependent increase in ROS and cell death as well as visible symptoms of necrotic lesions, indicating graphene-induced adverse effects on cabbage, tomato, and red spinach mediated by oxidative stress necrosis. Little or no significant toxic effect was observed with lettuce seedlings under the same conditions. The potential effect of graphene largely depends on dose, exposure time, and plant species and deserves further attention
The wound healing effect of Morinda citrifolia leaf extract and biomolecular analysis on inflammation and proliferation stages in Wistar rats.
No full textThis research aims to evaluate the wound healing effect of noni’s leaf extract (Morinda citrifolia L.) based on phytochemical analysis, the number of fibroblast cells, wound diameter, healing time, TNF-a and IL-1 at inflammation stage, PDGF and TGF-b at proliferation stage. This study is a true experimental with a post-test-only control group design. We divided 25 male Wistar rats into five groups; positive control (with povidone-iodine), negative control (with no treatment), treated by NLEE 20%, 25%, and 30%. NLEE has good physical characteristics based on the value of ethanol soluble extract, water-soluble extract, water content, ash content, and acid insoluble ash content. GCMS analysis showed bioactive compounds such as N-ethyl hydrazine carbothioamide (31.57%), 2-furancarboxaldehyde 5-hydroxymethyl (15,64%), 2E-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecene-1-of (7.08%), 3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-one (4.29%), D:C-friedooleana-7,9(11)-dien-3-ol,3beta (4.04%), while the rest are considered as the decanoic acids methyl ester, piperazine (3%) and vitamin E (1%). We observed the slight effects of NLEE 20%, 25%, and 30% on the number of fibroblasts, wound diameter, healing time, TNF-a, IL-1, PDGF, and TGF-b. The optimum concentration of NLEE at any treatment was 20%. However, there were no significant differences between groups based on a two-way ANOVA analysis
Potential Impact of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Exposure to the Seedling Stage of Selected Plant Species
No full textPhytotoxicity is a significant consideration in understanding the potential environmental impact of nanoparticles. Abundant experimental data have shown that multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) are toxic to plants, but the potential impacts of exposure remain unclear. The objective of the present study was to evaluate possible phytotoxicity of MWNTs at 0, 20, 200, 1000, and 2000 mg/L with red spinach, lettuce, rice, cucumber, chili, lady’s finger, and soybean, based on root and shoot growth, cell death, and electrolyte leakage at the seedling stage. After 15 days of hydroponic culture, the root and shoot lengths of red spinach, lettuce, and cucumber were significantly reduced following exposure to 1000 mg/L and 2000 mg/L MWNTs. Similar toxic effects occurred regarding cell death and electrolyte leakage. Red spinach and lettuce were most sensitive to MWNTs, followed by rice and cucumber. Very little or no toxic effects were observed for chili, lady’s finger, and soybean
Antioxidant and Anti-elastase Activity of Seed and Peel Extract of P.edulis
No full textPassiflora edulis is a woody climber, native in Brazil and now cultivated in all parts of the world, chiefly for its edible fruits and for ornamental flowers. The seed and the peel of P.edulis always removed and do not have economical values. The aim of the study was to determine the antioxidant activity of the seed and peel of P.edulis and its potential as an elastase inhibitor. The seed and the peel were extracted using ethanol 70%. The extracts were evaporated and the antioxidant activity was determined using H2O2 scavenging method. The IC50 values of H2O2 scavenging activity of peel and seed extract were 626.31 ± 2.10 µg/mL and 2106.46 ±33.21 µg/mL respectively. the effect of variation concentration of seed and peel extract showed that the antioxidant activity was dose-dependent manner. The IC50 value of elastase inhibitor of peel and seed extract was 62.82 ± 1.50 µg/mL and 41.06 ± 0.31 µg/mL respectively. This result gave the promising effect of peel and seed extract of P.edulis as an anti-aging cosmetic ingredient
Role of SOD and GPx in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
No full textDiabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by an increase in blood glucose levels, which leads to oxidative stress as a consequence. Streptozotocin works by damaging pancreatic beta cells, resulting in hyperglycemia. This chronic hyperglycemia can increase the production of free radicals. Moreover, streptozotocin can cause significant oxidative stress by damaging cellular DNA, lipids, and proteins. The excessive free radicals can deplete antioxidant reserves like SOD and GPx, as they are utilized to neutralize the free radicals. The aim of this study is to understand the role of SOD and GPx in reducing oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Spectrophotometric analysis was utilized to quantify SOD and GPx levels in rat tissues, providing insights into the extent of oxidative damage. The results revealed that while the levels of SOD showed no significant difference after streptozotocin induction, but there was a noticeable decrease in SOD levels. In contrast, GPx levels decreased significantly following induction. In conclusion, this study underscores the relevance of monitoring SOD and GPx levels as biomarkers for assessing oxidative stress in diabetic conditions and guiding therapeutic interventions
Graphene phytotoxicity in the seedling stage of cabbage, tomato, red spinach, and lettuce
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