1,720,988 research outputs found
Johanna Laakso, Anneli Sarhimaa, Sia Spiliopoulou Åkermark & Reetta Toivanen: Towards openly multilingual policies and practices. Assessing minority language maintenance across Europe
Get PDFKurzrezension Johanna Laakso, Anneli Sarhimaa, Sia Spiliopoulou Åkermark & Reetta Toivanen: Towards openly multilingual policies and practices. Assessing minority language maintenance across Europe. Linguistic diversity and language rights: 11. Multilingual matters. Bristol – Buffalo – Toronto 2016. 259 S
Von Sprachkontakten zum Sprachtod oder zur Superdiversität? (Reetta Toivanen and Janne Saarikivi (eds): Linguistic Genocide or Superdiversity? New and Old Language Diversities)
No full textBesprechung Linguistic Genocide or Superdiversity? New and Old Language Diversities. Ed. by Reetta Toivanen and Janne Saarikivi. Linguistic Diversity and Language Rights: 14. Multilingual Matters. Bristol – Buffalo – Toronto 2016. 362 S
The UN 2030 Agenda in the EU trade policy : improving global governance for a sustainable new world
Get PDFThe European Union is proposing herself as a major actor on the international scene by systematically founding her approach to the reform processes of rules and procedures of the global economic governance on the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the UN 2030 Agenda. The EU trade policy appears the most articulated, complete and innovative commercial policy at world level, producing most advanced Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) with highly relevant trade and sustainable development chapters combining free trade and investment promotion with environmental, forestry and biodiversity protection, the fight against climate change, the respect of fundamental rights and the attention to gender and cultural diversity issues, while developing unilateral tools as the due diligence directive, the carbon border adjustment mechanism, the deforestation regulation, and tabling most innovative sustainability documents for the WTO reform process. Together with the green transition, the EU is also facing the huge challenges of the economic sanctions against Russia and the energy and food crisis. The Seed Funding Project “ImprovEUorGlobe - The UN 2030 Agenda in the EU Trade Policy: Improving Global Governance for a Sustainable New World”, funded by the Una Europa Alliance, has been implemented in order to provide for a critical interdisciplinary overview and analysis of the SDGs oriented EU trade policy, constantly considering the participation of civil society in the shaping and implementation of the EU trade policy and tools, and the EU ability to play a significant and influential role in the international political debate to promote sustainability values in international relations. ImprovEUorGlobe has involved six Una Europa Universities: Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Freie Universität Berlin, Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie (Jagellonian University in Kraków), University of Edinburgh, Helsingin Yliopisto (The University of Helsinki) and Universidad Complutense de Madrid. The ImprovEUorGlobe Coordinator is Professor Elisa Baroncini (University of Bologna), and the ImprovEUorGlobe Chair is Prof. Filippo Fontanelli (University of Edinburgh). The Academic Leads are Dr. Ana Maria Daza Vargas (University of Edinburgh), Prof. Genia Kostka (Freie Universität Berlin), Prof. Reetta Toivanen (The University of Helsinki), Prof. Piotr Szwedo (Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie), and Prof. Raquel Regueiro Dubra (Universidad Complutense de Madrid). The rich debate and discussion within the ImprovEUorGlobe Research Team and with the speakers selected for the ImprovEUorGlobe Workshop of July 2023 produced the papers presented in this open access publication
Multiple Aspects of the Minority Language Issues of Eurasia
Get PDFHeiko F. Marten, Michael Riessler, Janne Saarikivi & Reetta Toivanen (eds): Cultural and Linguistic Minorities in the Russian Federation and the European Union. Comparative Studies on Equality and Diversity. Multilingual Education, Volume 13. Springer. Cham, Heidelberg, New York, Dordrecht & London, 2015
Sustainable Development in EU (Trade and) Investment Agreements: An Overview of Recent Treaty Practice
No full textModern investment treaty-making has begun to combine investment liberalization and protection with
international cooperation for the advancement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals: several international organizations and States have indeed promoted a reform of the IIAs system towards a more “sustainable” models of investment treaties. Most agreements therefore now contain references to sustainable development of various kinds, such as: perambulatory clauses; clauses of not lowering levels of protection of social and environmental policies; obligations for the progressive improvement of sustainable development policies. Specifically, in the European framework, since the conclusion of
the Agreement with South Korea in 2009, such provisions are generally included in an ad hoc chapter of the agreement, often named «Trade and Sustainable Development» (TSD chapters),
where the Parties specify their commitments in this matter and enter into mutual cooperation obligations. To date, TSD chapters have become a typical component of the new generation agreements of the European Union with both industrialized and developing countries: they also have the merit of being practically among the few examples of agreements which include provisions in the field of combating climate change. This study will focus on the substantive provisions and the preamble in EU agreements aimed at affirming the objective of sustainable development, in order to evaluate their ability to solve the problems of fragmentation and asymmetry of the investment law
system that have given rise to the modernization processes of investment agreements. The answer seems negative, at least if we consider these clauses per se: in fact, the references to sustainable development have a programmatic content and, in some cases, they cannot even be invoked before the arbitral tribunals because they are subject to dispute resolution procedures having conciliatory type. This severely limits the possibility of implementing these provisions and, consequently, due to the type of clauses developed, the arbitrators could be influenced in a limited way. However, the EU is developing other provisions (i.e. right to regulate; corporate social responsibility clauses)
that seem to ensure greater effectiveness and can better contribute to achieving the goal of sustainable development
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Organisation für Sicherheit und Zusammenarbeit in Europa: Menschenrechtsbildung als Mittel zum Frieden
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