1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A Descriptive Correlational Study of Factors Reported to Negatively Impact Memory in Women Who Have Received Treatment For Breast Cancer in Relation to COVID-19
Get PDFIntroduction
Cognitive impairments associated with cancer and cancer treatment are side effects that have and continue to elude the oncology world. Cognitive impairments related to chemotherapy are also known as “chemo-brain” or “chemo-fog” and encompasses deficits in cognitive domains that include memory, verbal fluency, attention, and concentration, and one’s ability to recall information. Patients who experience cognitive impairments during and after cancer treatments, chemotherapy in particular, are often afflicted with impaired executive functioning, problems with memory and recall, loss of control and decreased sense of self, increased stress and depression, role conflicts when returning to work, and impaired quality of life. While the treatment may impact patients’ cognitive function, other factors, including personal characteristics and other stressors, may also influence their memory.
Objectives
The purpose of this descriptive correlational study is to determine relationships between women with breast cancer who are currently receiving or who have received at least one type of treatment and the negative impact that these treatments and other factors have or have had on their memory as reported by these participants.
Methods
A descriptive correlational approach was used for this study. A one-time questionnaire was sent via email to participants, including two instruments to assess memory; one measure of stress and questions obtaining demographics; information related to treatments received; stress and the negative impact of these factors on memory. Tools used to assess memory included the Everyday Memory Questionnaire (EMQ) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cog(FACT-Cog). The tool used to assess stress was the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Of the 171 participants of this study, they were predominately White/Caucasian (89.5%), college educated (49.7%), and married or partnered (76%). Ages of participants in this study ranged from 24 to 80 years old (mean age was 53.8 years). For eligibility requirements, all participants in this sample were female.
Results
The results of this study indicate that age had an impact on memory/cognition on this sample, with EMQ, p = .01; Perceived Cognitive Impairments Subscale, p = .01; and Chi-square (yes/no self-reported stress), p = .02. A statistically significant difference was shown in Perceived Cognitive Abilities in those who had surgery versus those who did not, p = .05. Those who received chemotherapy demonstrated a statistical difference than those who did not receive chemotherapy using Chi-square (yes/no self-reports of stress), p = .01. There was a statistical difference in those who received radiation and those who did not receive radiation on the EMQ, p = .03; and Perceived Cognitive Impairments, p = .05. There was a statistical significance between those who received hormonal therapy versus those who did not using Chi-square (yes/no self-reports of stress), p = .02. Adriamycin was shown to be statistically significant using Chi-square (yes/no self-reports of stress), p = .02. Those receiving Cytoxan were statistically significant than those not receiving this medication on the EMQ, p = .01. Tamoxifen shown statistically significant results in Perceived Cognitive Impairments, p = .05; and in Chi-square self-reports of stress (yes/no), p = .05. PSS meanings, indicating low, moderate, and high levels of stress demonstrated significance on EMQ scores with p \u3c .01. PSS raw scores (total non-categorical scores) were statistically significant using both parametric correlations (Pearson product-moment correlationcoefficient), p = \u3c .01 and non-parametric correlations (Spearman’s rho), p \u3c .01. Statistically significant results were also found in the PSS meaning (low, moderate, high stress level) and FACT-Cog scores, p = \u3c .01.
Conclusions
In this study, age was shown to have an effect on both memory and cognition among the sample utilizing the EMQ and the Perceived Cognitive Impairments Subscale of the FACT-Cog. Participants who received chemotherapy and hormonal therapy had more self-reported memory impairments than those who did not receive these treatment modalities. Those receiving radiation had lower scores on the PCI subscale and thus more perceived cognitive impairments. On the contrary, those who did not receive radiation were shown to have higher EMQ scores indicating more memory problems than participants who did receive radiation. Participants in this study experiencing moderate and high levels of stress had higher EMQ scores, indicating more memory problems than those with low stress. The results from this study indicate that many factors, including age, certain treatment modalities, particular medications, and stress can have a negative impact on an individual’s memory or cognition. This signifies an importance for future research to be conducted in relation to cognitive impairments to distinguish and identify probable causes, increase awareness and education among healthcare providers to directly benefit patients through knowledge, and the development of potentially beneficial therapeutic treatments
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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