1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Korrelation von monoklonalem und polyklonalem Ciclosporinspiegel bei Patienten nach allogener Stammzelltransplantation
Get PDFBackground: The allogenic stem cell transplantation has become a standard procedure in many malignant or benign haematologic diseases. One of the main efforts of this development was the introduction of potent immunosuppressive drugs to avoid acute Graft-versus host disease. One of these drugs is Cyclosporin A (CSA). To prevent toxicity of the medication but still with a maximum of efficacy, it is necessary to measure the monoclonal and polyclonal drug levels. The monoclonal drug level is for the drug itself and the polyclonal drug level is for the degradation product. In this thesis we viewed retrospectively patients undergoing allogenic stem cell transplantation to observe if there is a correlation between the monoclonal and polyclonal drug level regarding toxicity in the liver or kidney and if the monoclonal drug level is sufficient enough to cover all this things. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data from 87 patients beeing transplanted in our center between 2000 and 2007. 3869 venous blood samples were analyzed with all data to the monoclonal and polyclonal drug level. Additional we correlate the lab results of ALT, AST, Bilirubin, CRP, Kreatinin, GGT, the accordance of GvHD, age at transplantation, type of transplant and sex with the monoclonal and polyclonal drug level. For CSA we additionally used the “parent-to-metabolite ratio”. The grading of toxicity is based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Results: We have seen that grade 3 or grade 4 toxicity occurs only in a small number (1.6 %) of our patients. The „parent-to-metabolite ratio“, which respectively represent the polyclonal drug level, is much higher in the group with grade 2-4 toxicity as in the group with no toxicity or even with a mild grade 1 toxicity. Age, sex and type of transplant have no influence in these results. Regarding the other laboratory tests, respectively only bilirubin (parameter for the liver), C-reactive protein (parameter for inflammation) and creatinin (parameter for the kidney) significantly correlate with the “parent-to-metabolite ratio” (p-Wert <0,0001). Interestingly the data of the monoclonal drug level did not allow to suggest on the polyclonal drug level, because in 82% of our cases the polyclonal drug level was out of range while the monoclonal was in the normal range. Discussion: These results have clearly shown that it is necessary to define the monoclonal and polyclonal drug level, to distinguish if liver and/or kidney toxicity occurs because of CSA metabolites. The mass spectrometry for diagnostic drug monitoring potentially may bridge a gap in the future.Hintergrund und Ziele: Die allogene Stammzelltransplantation hat sich zu einem Standardverfahren bei zahlreichen malignen und auch nicht malignen hämatologischen Erkrankungen entwickelt. Ein wesentlicher Faktor für diese Entwicklung war die Einführung potenter Immunsuppressiva, um die potentielle Komplikation einer akuten Graft-versus-Host Erkrankung (GvHD) zu verhindern. Ein hauptsächlicher Bestandteil der GvHD-Prophylaxe ist Ciclosporin A (CSA). Um Toxizitäten durch das Medikament zu vermeiden und dennoch eine ausreichende Wirkung sicherzustellen, sind engmaschige Medikamentenspiegelkontrollen im Blut der Patienten erforderlich, die zur Therapiesteuerung dienen. Die Messung erfolgt zum einen für den Wirkstoff (CSA monoklonal) und zum anderen für die potentiell toxischen Abbauprodukte (CSA polyklonal). In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde bei Patienten nach allogener Stammzelltransplantation geprüft, welchen Zusammenhang es zwischen den beiden Variablen monoklonaler versus polyklonaler CSA-Spiegel gibt und inwieweit der polyklonale Spiegel im Hinblick auf die Leber-/Nieren-Toxizität durch den monoklonalen Spiegel ersetzt werden kann. Methoden: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Daten von 87 Patienten, die zwischen 2000 und 2007 allogen Stammzelltransplantiert wurden, retrospektiv analysiert. In die Analyse wurden 3869 venöse Blutabnahmen mit den kompletten Daten zum monoklonalen und polyklonalen Spiegel einbezogen. Zusätzlich wurden die Serumparameter GLDH, sGOT, sGPT, Bilirubin, CRP, Kreatinin, GGT, sowie das Auftreten einer GvHD und das Alter bei Transplantation, Geschlecht und Art des Transplantats erhoben und mit den CSA-Werten korreliert. Für CSA wurde zusätzlich die “parent-to-metabolite ratio” bestimmt. Die Toxizitätsbeurteilungen basierten auf den Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Ergebnisse und Beobachtungen: Es zeigte sich, dass höhergradige Toxizitäten (Grad 3 und 4) insgesamt selten auftraten (1,6% der Ablesungen). Die „parent-to-metabolite ratio“ und damit die Konzentration der CSA-Metaboliten war in der Gruppe mit einer Grad 2-4 Toxizität deutlich höher als in der Gruppe mit keiner oder nur geringer (Grad 1) Toxizität. Die Faktoren Alter, Geschlecht und Art des Transplantats hatten hierauf keinen Einfluss. Von den anderen untersuchten Variablen zeigte nur Bilirubin als Leberparameter, CRP als Entzündungsparameter und Kreatinin als Nierenparameter eine signifikante Korrelation mit der “parent-to-metabolite ratio” (p-Wert <0,0001). Interessanterweise konnte von den Werten für den monoklonalen CSA-Wert nicht notwendigerweise auf den polyklonalen Wert geschlossen werden, da bei 82% der Fälle mit erhöhten polyklonalen Werten der monoklonale CSA-Wert im Zielbereich lag. Praktische Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit zeigen, dass die Bestimmung des polyklonalen CSA- Spiegels notwendig ist, um im Falle einer Organtoxizität von Leber und/oder Nieren erhöhte CSA-Metabolite als Ursache identifizieren zu können. Möglicherweise werden neue Verfahren des therapeutischen Drug Monitoring wie die Massenspektrometrie diese diagnostische Lücke schließen
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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