203 research outputs found
Eulimnadia kimberleyensis Timms, 2018, sp. nov.
No full textEulimnadia kimberleyensis sp. nov. (Figs 1, 2). Etymology. This species is named for the area of Australia in which it occurs. Type material. Holotype. Female. Rock pool. Western Australia, Kimberley, Gardner Plateau, from 14o 47’ 2.1”S, 126o 31’ 18.9”E. Length 4 mm, height 3.1 mm (WAM C72086), coll A. Cross, March 2012. Paratypes. Two females. Lengths 4.0 and 3.9 mm (WAM C72087) from the same locality. Diagnosis. Egg spherical with about 36 grooves arranged randomly and about 30 µm long; walls of grooves thick and rounded with surface usually crenulated at right angles to groove axis. Female first antennae with about three lobes; second antennae with 7 antennomeres and generally 4–5 spines dorsally. Telson with about 19 dorsal spines and cercopod with about 8 long setae. Description. Egg (Fig 1A, B, C). Spherical, mean diameter 128 µm, range 122 to 134 µm, n = 10. Surface with about 36 (range 33–42, n = 10) grooves each about 30 µm long and arranged randomly. Tertiary layer represented by the apparent groove walls spongiform and thick and rounded, though surface usually crenulated at right angles to the major axis; sometimes a minor elevated area where walls of adjacent grooves confluent. In cross section, each groove—wall system consists of 80–90% wall and only 10–20% flat-floored groove with a distinct demarcation between the two. Female. Head (Fig. 2B) with ocular tubercle prominent, the compound eye occupying most (ca 80%) of it. Rostrum broadly rounded and protruding a little less than the ocular tubercle. Ocellus about as large as the compound eye and located in the middle base of the rostrum. Frons-rostrum angle about 150o. Dorsal organ posterior to the eye by about its height, pedunculated, asymmetrical and about half as high as the ocular tubercle. First antenna (Fig 2B) short, about 40% the length of the peduncle of the second antenna, and with three lobes, each with short sensory fine setae. Second antenna (Fig 2C) with 7 antennomeres, most (II to VI) with 4–5 short spines dorsally and 3–5 long setae ventrally. Basal antennomere with just 3 spines and a seta while distal antennomere with 2 spines and about seven setae. Carapace (Fig 2A) elongated oval with a vaulted dorsal and ventral edge and weak anterodorsal and posterodorsal angles. Abductor muscle scar at about 45o to carapace long axis. Carapace pellucid and without markings except for five growth lines, generally well spaced except near the ventral edge. Trunk of 18 segments. Dorsal surface of posteriormost 9–10 segments with many long two-segmented setae and sometimes shorter spines. Thoracopods of trunk segments IX and X with long epipods for retaining eggs. Telson (Fig 2D) with 9 dorsal spines followed by a large spiniform projection, the first spine about 20% larger than the next few followed by some variation in size and spacing along the row. Spines smooth. Telsonic filaments inserted on a mound between 2nd and 3rd spine. A moderate declivity posterior to the mound, remainder of telsonic floor sloping evenly and gently to cercopod base. Cercopod a little shorter than telson length and with a short spine about 80% along its length separating a thicker basal area supporting setae from a thinning distal area with a weak cirrus of small denticles. Short laminate spine with about 7 serrations on anterior surface and two small spines near the base. (see Fig. 2D insert). Eight long cercopod setae, their length about twice the basal diameter of the cercopod. Prominent spiniform projection on ventroposterior corner of telson. Variability. There are only three specimens available, so little can be added on variability of the above characters. Sometimes there are only six antennomeres though whether this is natural or damaged is not certain. Telsonic spines may number 8–10 and and cercopod setae 7–10. Differential diagnosis. There is no doubt this species belongs to the genus Eulimnadia. The diagnostic character is a spiniform projection on the ventroposterior corner of the telson (Rogers et al., 2012). In addition most Eulimnadia, including this species, have a spine on the cercopod at about 4/5ths its length and the antenna has about 7–8 antennomeres on each flagellum (Timms, 2016a). However, because of the limited number of specimens and lack of males the description of this species is minimal. Nevertheless species specific egg morphology in this genus (Belk, 1989; Rabet, 2010; Timms, 2016a) provides characters to separate species and in some cases is about the only distinguishing character, e.g. E. graniticola Rogers et al. 2010). However, for Australian species species specific egg morphology has been supported by features of the cercopods and sometimes a few other characters as well from the telson, claspers, antenna and head (Timms, 2016a). This dictum applies to this species. In this case the egg morphology is certainly the most distinguishing feature, though a combination of less important characters (a cercopod with 8 uniform setae, just nine unevenly spaced telsonic spines and a first antenna of just three lobes) help to define it. The most similar eggs are of E. beverleyae Timms, 2016 and E. uluruensis Timms, 2016. Eggs of E. beverleyae (Fig. 3F, Timms 2016a) have about 30 grooves, each about 40 µm long, and of the same tertiary material as their walls, whereas in E. kimberleyensis sp. nov. there are but 40 grooves, 40 µm long and of different tertiary material to that of the walls. In addition E. beverleyae has 11–13 cercopod setae whereas E. kimberleyensis sp. nov. has only about 8 cercopod setae. In E. uluruensis (Fig.9 H. Timms, 2016a) the grooves number about 28, lie within distinct polygons with low lateral ridges and a knobbly surface, a situation quite different to that in E. kimberleyensis sp. nov. (see above). Though E. uluruensis has telsonic spines reminiscent of E. kimberleyenesis sp. nov., the cercopod setae of E. uluruensis are shorter than those of E. kimberleyensis sp. nov. Given E. kimberleyensis sp. nov. lies within the distribution of the widespread and variable E. dahli Sars 1896, it is appropriate to detail their distinctiveness. Firstly, habitat choice is not distinctive— E. dahli occurs in gnammas in limestone in northwest Queensland (Timms, 2016a) and also in granite in the Pilbara (author unpublished data) while E. kimberleyensis sp. nov. occurs in sandstone gnammas in between these areas. However, their eggs are entirely different, those of E. dahli have ca. 20 surface polygons, while those of E. kimberleyensis sp. nov. have ca.36 grooves. Eulimnadia dahli typically (but not always) has 20 trunk segments, and E. kimberleyensis sp. nov. the standard 18. Furthermore E. dahli has ca. 15 telsonic spines and ca 18 cercopod setae, whereas E. kimberleyensis sp. nov. has ca 9 and 8 respectively, a difference wide enough to be certain of identity. Distribution. Known only from gnammas on the Gardner Plateau, Kimberley. These pools fill during the wet season, November to April, and the deeper pools (averaging 46 mm) support aquatic plants (Cross et al., 2015a, 2015b). No information is available on their fauna, except that a few pools support the new species of clam shrimp described here plus Limnadopsis multilineata Timms 2009.Published as part of Brian V Timms, 2018, Three new species of spinicaudatan clam shrimps from Australia, all from gnammas (rock pools), pp. 136-148 in Zootaxa 4418 (2) on pages 137-139, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/124533
Parartemia purpurea Timms, 2010, sp. nov.
No full textParartemia purpurea sp. nov. (Figs 4,7,11) Parartemia n sp a Timms and Savage, 2004, p 22, 28; Timms 2009. Etymology. This species is named for the distinct purple colouration of mature females, the name being derived from the Latin purpurea meaning purple. Holotype. One male, 44 km NNE of Esperance, unnamed lake on Dempster Rd, (33 o 28 ’ 58 ”S, 122 o 00’ 38 ”E), 8 October 2008; BVT, WAM 45235. Allotype. One female, same collecting data as holotype, WAM 45236. Paratypes. Two males, two females, some collecting data as holotype, WAM 45237; two males, two females, same collecting data as holotype, AM 82976. Other material. 10 males, 10 females, 23.5 km E of Scaddan, unnamed lake on East Lignite Rd, (33 o 19 ’ 28 ”S, 121 o 58 ’ 17 ”E), 2 August 2005, BVT, WAM 45238; 10 females, 38 km N of Esperance, unnamed lake on south side of Speddingup Rd, (33 o 31 ’ 01”S, 121 o 52 ’ 21 ”E), 8 October 2008, BVT, WAM 45239; 10 males, 10 females, all immature, 64.5 km NE of Esperance near Kau Rock, unnamed pond, (33 o 24 ’ 32 ”S, 122 o 20 ’ 00”E), 9 October 2008, BVT, WAM 45240; 10 males, 10 females, 80 km NE of Esperance in Beaumont Nature Reserve, unnamed lake, (33 o 27 ’ 37 ”S, 122 o 36 ’ 43 ”E), 5 September 2004, BVT, WAM 45241. Description. Male. Length 21.5 mm (head plus thorax 7 mm, abdomen 14.5 mm) First antenna (Fig. 11 A) filiform, a little longer than eye plus peduncle. Second antenna. Basal antennomeres (Fig. 11 A) fused at about 75 o to body axis. Ventral margin with paired ventral processes (Fig. 11 A) about 3 times longer than deep, with distoventral corner rounded but not protruding and medioventral corner sharp, almost a right angle. Ventral process margin with well spaced minute spines, also a few such spines on dorsal surface of the processes. Medial margin of ventral processes about 1.2 times longer than lateral margin. Medial space between ventral processes narrow with parallel margins and terminating basally in a short notch. Ventrolaterally just lateral to basodistal margin of the ventral process a raised circular area, the conical mound, with numerous minute spines. Anterior processes (Fig. 11 A) small, blunt triangular, about one quarter depth of ventral processes. Distal antennomere (Fig. 11 A) almost twice as long as basal antennomere, curved medially, cylindrical and tapering to a sharp apex. Labrum lacking a spine. Thoracomeres (Fig 10 B) enveloped laterally in small fused lobes to form a narrow lateral flange along whole length of thorax. Thorax widest at thoracomeres 10 to 11, with lobe on first genital as wide as lobe on T 11 anteriorly, but markedly narrowing posteriorly. No lobe on second genital segment. Eleven pairs of thoracopods, with first two reduced in size and last without an epipodite. Fifth thoracopod typical for the genus. Gonopods (Fig. 11 C) fused basally. Each apical free portion with a short hooked digitiform process inserted ventrolaterally at about three quarters the length of the free portion. No basal spine. A paratype with gonopod everted (Fig. 11 D)— everted part a little longer than free basal portion, consisting of a basal wide cylindrical component and a tubular distal part of two diameters, a middle section narrower than basal tube and an apical, very narrow apical section. Whole expanded section naked except for a two recurved spines on a single base posteriolaterally on the wide cylindrical component. Abdomen long, 2.1 times head plus thorax. Segments increasing in length and but hardy decreasing in diameter sequentially 1 to 6, with sixth 2.2 times the length and but only marginally narrower than first segment. Telson inflated and not clearly demarked from sixth abdominal segment and cercopods about length of fourth abdominal segment and clothed with setae medially and laterally. Female. 11 mm (head plus thorax 6.7 mm, abdomen 4.3 mm). In life, mature females coloured a deep purple, with the brood chambers a lesser intense colour. Head (Fig. 11 E) with first antenna filiform and slightly shorter than length of eye plus peduncle. Second antenna a little longer than twice eye plus peduncle length, somewhat flattened, and narrowing evenly to a sharp apex. Labrum with a prominent recurved spine. Thoracomeres (Fig. 11 F,G) 1 – 6 and 8 normal, thoracomere 7 with a lateral tumidity, thoracomeres 9 and 10 each with a dorsolateral lamella, with a sclerotized and denticulate margin. Dorsolateral lamella of thoracomere 9 asymmetrical, narrow dorsally and widest ventrolaterally and with subsidiary ventrolateral lamella, while lamella of segment 10 more symmetrical and more ventrolateral. Thoracomere 11 somewhat reduced. Eleven pairs of thoracopods, 2 nd and 10 th pairs a little shorter than most, 1 st about half size and 11 th reduced to just a pair of stubs bearing a few spines. First thoracopod (Fig. 7 J) with all normal components, but endopod and particularly exopod reduced, so that both have fewer posterior seate than normal and exopod just protruding beyond endopod. Normal anterior setae, and with basal anterior setae of endite 4 enlarged, longer than adjacent posterior setae. Fifth thoracopod of normal construction for Parartemia and similar to that in males. Tenth thoracopod (Fig. 7 K) with most structures reduced, particularly endites 1 + 2 and 3, endopod and praeepipodite, and with epipodite lacking. Exopodite of normal relative size and projecting well beyond the endopodite. Anterior setae of endites all present, but reduced in size. Eleventh thoracopod (Fig. 7 L) a stub with terminally what appears to be a very reduced endopod with five setae, and medially two protuberances, the distal one with two setae and a basal greater naked protuberance. These protuberances could be endites. Brood pouch (Fig. 11 F,G) lateral lobes oval structures in dorsal view but more quadrahedral laterally, and connected ventrally, with a posteriorly directed gonopore, borne on a tubular projection. Abdomen segments typical for Parartemia, i.e. segments increase in length and decrease in diameter sequentially from segments 1 to 6. Surface denticulate. Variability. Mature males vary in length from 16 to 23 mm. The basal antennomeres are fused at various angles, probably influenced by preservation, of 60–80 o to body axis and while the frontal processes seem always to be small, blunt and triangular, the ventral processes vary so that the distoventral corner may protrude a little and the medial space varies from being almost closed to being open by a distance up to about one third the depth of the ventral processes. The medial margins of the ventral processes may not always be parallel, but occasionally are V-shaped or uneven. However, the angle of near 90 o on the medioventral corner of the ventral processes varies little. The raised spinose area ventrolaterally to the basodistal margin of the ventral processes may be expressed as a conical mound or may be hardly present. The flange on the thoracic margins is generally present, but its widest part may be at thoracomere 10 or occasionally 11, i.e. more posterior than at thoracomere 8–9. Abdomen length varies from 1.25 to 2.33 times head plus thorax length (average of 1.78 in 10 specimens). This length is due in part to the relatively long 6 th segment which on average is 2.1 times length of 1 st segment. The first ratio is greater than for P. longicaudata and the second only a little less than in P. longicaudata, the species supposedly with an extraordinary long abdomen (see earlier). Mature females range in length from 9.6 to 11.2 mm, and while opaque white in preservation, in life are almost always a deep purple. The lateral tumidities on thoracomere 7 while usually prominent, are sometimes deflated and not noticeable. The lateral lamellae of thoracomere 9 and 10 vary in development, but the lamella of thoracomere 9 is always larger than that of thoracomere 10 and more dorsal in position. Differential diagnosis. P. purpurea sp. nov. males are most similar to P. zietziana due to their broadly similar ventral processes and the shape of the medial area between these processes. However P. zietziana has digitiform anterior processes compared to short conical processes in P. purpurea sp. nov. The lateral and medial margins of the ventral processes are of similar length in P. zietziana, but the medial margin is about 1.2 times longer than lateral margin in P. purpurea sp. nov. The ventrolateral area at the basodistal margin of the ventral processes is different in the two species: in P. purpurea sp. nov. it is raised and very spinous, but in P. zietziana it hardly present, if at all. Finally the abdomen is relatively longer in most specimens of P. p u r p u re a sp. nov. (1.78 times) than in P. zietziana (1.30 in 10 specimens). The two species have different distributions separated by the Nullarbor Plain – P. zietziana occurs in central lowland Tasmania, southern Victoria, and southern South Australia to as far west as the eastern Eyre Peninsula, while P.purpurea sp. nov. occurs in the Esperance hinterland area of Western Australia (Timms et al., 2009). Females are distinct from all other species due to the lack of dorsal swellings and horizontal lateral lobes on various thoracic segments, and the presence of lateral swellings on thoracomere 7 and vertical lateral flaps on thoracomere 9 and 10. Furthermore it is unusual in Parartemia females to have a vestige of thoracopod 11 as P. p u r p u re a sp. nov. does; closest species in this character is P. acidiphila with 3 terminal setae, P. laticaudata sp. nov. with two terminal spines and P. longicaudata with a subterminal spine. Distribution and ecology. P. purpurea sp. nov. occurs in alkaline saline lakes in the Esperance hinterland, from about Grass Patch-Scadden eastwards for about 90 km to Beaumont Nature Reserve (Timms et al., 2009)(Fig. 4). It occurs over a salinity range of 20 to 235 g /L and in lakes with pH varying from 6.9 to 10.4 (Timms, 2009 b; Timms et al., 2009). Generally it occurs in late winter- spring as lakes fill with winterspring rains, reproduces in September and October with purple coloured females actively swimming in the shallows and depositing eggs. Occasionally summer rains fill the lakes, in which case P. purpurea sp. nov. responds as it does to a winter filling (Timms, 2009 b). Females are easily predated upon by waders (mainly Stilts, Avocets) as they swim conspicuously in shallow waters, so that sex ratios can become very biased towards males which tend to stay in deeper waters (author, unpublished observations). Presently it is common throughout this area as few lakes are salinised.Published as part of Timms, Brian V, 2010, Six new species of the brine shrimp Parartemia Sayce 1903 (Crustacea: Anostraca: Artemiina) in Western Australia, pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 2715 on pages 24-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19970
Limnadopsis paradoxa Timms 2009, n.sp.
No full textLimnadopsis paradoxa n.sp. Figs. 2G, 4D, 5K,L, 13 Types. Holotype 3 WAM C39341, allotype ♀ WAM C39342, paratypes 23, 2♀, WAM C39343, 33, 2♀, AM P76808. Type locality: Western Australia, E of Grass Patch, Sieda Farm, Fitzgerald Paddock 81, temporary pool, 33°13'S 121°47'E, 2.ii.2007, B. V. Timms. Other material. Western Australia: 43, S of Newdegate, Lake Bryde, 33°21'S 118°49'E, 21.iii.2006, D. Cale, WAM C39344; c. 20 individuals, S of Newdegate, Lake Bryde East, 33°22'S 118°54'E, 21.iii.2006, D. Cale, WAM C39345; c. 20 individuals, SE of Salmon Gums, along Guest Rd, temporary pool in paddock, 33°06'S 121°46'E, 25.i.2007, B. V. Timms, WAM C39346;> 50 individuals, E of Grass Patch, Sieda Farm, Fitzgerald Paddock 81, temporary pool, 33°13'S 121°47'E, 2.ii.2007, B. V. Timms, WAM C39347;>50 individuals, SE of Scaddan, Truslove Nature Reserve, a paperbark swamp, 33°20'50"S 121°46'5"E, 27.i.2007, B. V. Timms, WAM C39348. South Australia: 13, N of Woomera, Olympic Dam, 30°28'S 136°44'E, 12.ii.1981, M.J. Tyler, SAM C6351. New South Wales: 13, near Wilcannia, roadside ditch 19.5 km east of town, 31°41'S 143°427'E, 14.i.2007, B. V. Timms. Habitat and distribution. Limnadopsis paradoxa lives in freshwater intermittent ponds and lakes, that are somewhat turbid or humic. More is known about the habitat of this new species than the others, because the author is personally familiar with the area. The ponds and lakes fill every few years and may take two or more years to dry (e.g., Lake Bryde, Cale et al., 2004) or dry within months (e.g., pools on Sieda Farm, A. Longbottom, pers. comm.). In all sites it was found only in the early period of inundation. It is known mainly from the southeastern wheatbelt of Western Australia, specifically south of Newdegate and north of Esperance. Two outlier populations were found much further east, in central South Australia and in southwestern NSW. In Lake Bryde, it was collected in March, 2006, six weeks after a major filling, and at the time the lake was fresh (EC 549 µS/cm), alkaline (pH 7.8), warm (21.8°C), well oxygenated (88% saturation), and only slightly coloured (D. Cale, pers. comm.) This lake fills to overflowing only occasionally (every few years in the 1990s to 2000s, S. Halse, pers. comm.); normally the episodic fillings result in a shallow, fresh to slightly saline lake that takes 12–24 months to dry. At such times it holds the clam shrimps Caenestheria sp. and Caenestheriella sp., but apparently not Limnadopsis paradoxa (Cale et al., 2004). In seven sites at Grass Patch it appeared as adults within three weeks of filling in late January, 2007. These ponds are c. 20–50 m in diameter, saucer-shaped and up to 2 m deep. They were once Melaleuca swamps, but many are now usually farmed for cereals. They fill partially, or deeply as in 2007, in wet summers, generally about once every 5–10 years (A. Longbottom, pers. comm.). Their water is humic (40–150 NTU), fresh (conductivity 260–440 µS/cm), warm (21–28°C), and acid to slightly alkaline (pH 5.8–7.4). By early March 2007, all of the ponds sampled had declining senescent populations, or none at all. Etymology. The species name derives from the paradox presented upon first examination: it has a carapace resembling L. birchii and a body-form superficially resembling L. tatei, but it differs from these two species on detailed examination. Male. Carapace (Fig. 13A) 14.6 mm long by 9.9 mm deep, L:D ratio c. 1.5. Dorsal margin doubly curved so lowest point at anterior umbo area and highest point about two-thirds of way along the hinge line. Hinge line uneven with growth lines protruding as small carinae, these generally more prominent posteriorly. Umbo humped dorsoanteriorly. Growth lines 12, expressed, crowded anteriorly, but more spaced spaced posteriorly. Carapace coloured dark humic brown. Head (Fig. 13B) with a pear-shaped pyriform frontal organ posteriorly, preceded by rounded prominence containing eye, then by large rostrum at right angles to head. Length of rostrum similar to length of anterior surface of head and about twice its own basal width. Rostrum curved downwards apically and containing triangular naupliar eye dipping at angle to rostrum axis and occupying much of its basal area. First antenna with 11 subequal lobes, slightly longer than peduncle of second antenna. Two flagella each bearing 15–18 beaded flagellomeres, each of latter with up to 6–7 spines evenly spaced along dorsal surface. Trunk segments 26. Dorsally, posteriormost segment with spineless protuberance, preceding 7–8 segments each with 3–5 spines on protuberance, then further anteriorly another 7 segments with 5–9 long setae each. Hand of claspers with blunt narrow outgrowth near inner basal corner. Third thoracopod (Fig. 4D) similar in structure to that of L. birchii. Proportions of endites, endopod, exopod and epipodite slightly different, and significantly palp of fifth endite slightly shorter than fifth endite and epipodite proportionally smaller. Other thoracopods of same basic structure, but without palp and with larger epipodite. Telson (Fig. 13C) with two rows of 13 to 14 strong, subequal spines, although the first spine slightly larger than next few spines and curving slightly posteriorly, middle spines slightly smaller and posterior spines more widely spaced, and sharper last spine near apex of claw. Two telsonic setae inserted on protuberance about one quarter of way along dorsal side of telson. Caudal claws well developed, at least twice as large as telsonic claws, curved concavely dorsally, with basal two-thirds bearing about 20 setae mesodorsally and terminating in a spine. Apical third of claw with many fine denticles dorsally. Female. Carapace (Fig. 13E) 13.5 mm by 9.7 mm. Similar to that of male, but anterior concavity less pronounced and highest point of carapace at about midlength. Carinae of growthlines prominent, but blunt compared with those of male. Head (Fig. 13F) similar to that of male, but rostrum short, about as long as deep, and blunt. Naupliar eye of about same size and position as in male, thus occupying much of rostrum. First antenna shorter than in male, with about 8 lobes. Second antenna as in male. Number of body segments, and details of telson (Fig. 13G) similar to those in male. Eggs (Figs. 4L,M) top-shaped, with prominences dorsal and ventral and about 5 prominences around equator. Typically about 16 grooves between equator and dorsal and ventral prominences, and about 3–4 grooves between each equatorial prominence. Ridges between grooves may be straightish or Y-shaped, the latter generally in the fields between equatorial and dorsal or ventral grooves. Sometimes only 4 equatorial prominences present and grooves somewhat randomly distributed. Maximum dimensions about 250 µm (range 241–254 µm, n = 20). Variability. The carapace size varies from c. 13 to16 mm, growth lines from 10 to 14, first antennal lobes 9 to 11, telsonic spines 15 to 18, and caudal claw setae from 16 to 21. There is no significant variation in the characteristic carapace shape, and all specimens have just one spine on the caudal claws. Comments. Limnadopsis paradoxa resembles small specimens of L. birchii, on account of its size, general shape, development of the carinae, and perhaps colouration. However, the body inside bears absolutely no resemblance to that of L. birchii. For instance there are 26 body segments, not 32, and there are only c. 14 telsonic spines on a almost straight edge compared to c. 50 spines on a doubly curved edge. The new species is most like L. tatei but has more growth lines, more lobes on the first antenna, more telsonic spines and more setae on the caudal claws. Perhaps it could be regarded as a bigger form of L. tatei, but the shape of the carapace is distinctive, particularly the concave dorsal surface and the lateral development of the umbo. The smaller first:second telsonic spine size ratio in L. paradoxa, and more numerous caudal claw setae are also distinctive. Limnadopsis pilbarensis n.sp. (see below) differs by having a convex edge in the umbo area, much less pronounced development of the dorsal outgrowths of the growth lines, and fewer telsonic denticles and setae on the caudal claws. The eggs of L. paradoxa and the three other abovementioned species are distinctive among themselves. At 40× magnification, eggs of L. birchii and L. tatei are smoothly round with groups of parallel grooves, more of the latter in L. birchii than in L. tatei. Eggs of L. paradoxa and L. pilbarensis both have rough surfaces, but those of L. pilbarensis have many (> 20) spines and those of L. paradoxa have just a few (<8) rounded prominences. These distinctions are even more pronounced as observed by SEM (Fig. 4).Published as part of Timms, Brian V., 2009, A Revision of the Australian Endemic Clam Shrimp Genus Limnadopsis Spencer & Hall (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata: Limnadiidae), pp. 49-72 in Records of the Australian Museum 61 (1) on pages 65-66, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.61.2009.1498, http://zenodo.org/record/524026
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Karl Kraus: apocalyptic satirist, volume 2: the postwar crisis and the rise of the swastika
No full textIn this second volume of Karl Kraus: Apocalyptic Satirist, Edward Timms takes up Kraus’s story in November 1918, when the satirist responded to the creation of the new republics with a defiant hope, invoking international law against the dual threat of reactionary politics and irresponsible media. While contemporaries like Walter Benjamin regarded Kraus as heroically isolated, this book places him within a dynamic field of cultural production. Timms highlights the court cases Kraus pursued with his lawyer Oskar Samek and the theatrical projects that earned him Brecht’s friendship. In the final section of the book, the author refutes the legend that Kraus responded with stunned silence to Hitler’s seizure of power. His career culminated in Third Walpurgis Night, an analysis of Nazi ideology that has proved enduringly influential. Timms concludes that Kraus’s lifelong critique of the media, combining Orwell’s political radicalism with Joyce’s linguistic playfulness, incisively anticipates the propaganda techniques of our own age
Paralimnadia ammolophos Timms, 2016, n. sp.
No full textParalimnadia ammolophos n. sp. (Figs. 4, 11, 12) Etymology. Since this species is found in coastal sanddune pools, its specific epithet commemorates this by using the Greek word for sanddune, ‘ammolophos’. Type material. Holotype: AM P99004, male, length 5.1 mm, height 3.2 mm, Brooms Head, pond among dunes on the headland, 29°36’47.9”S, 153°20’18.6”E, 19 December 1983, BVT. Allotype: AM P99005, female, length 5.5 mm, height 3.6 mm, collected with holotype. Paratypes: AM P99006, 2 males, length 5.3 mm, height 3.5 mm, length 6.0 mm height 4.0 mm; 2 females, length 6.4 mm, height 4.1 mm, length 7.0 mm, height 4.7 mm, Shelley Headland, New South Wales, pond in dunes, 29°31’ 52.8”S, 153°21’12.8”E, 14 July 2015, BVT. Other material examined. New South Wales: 5 males, 5 females, Shelley Headland, pond in dunes, 29°31’52.8”S, 153°21’12.8”E, 14 July 2015, BVT, AM P99007; 3 males, 7 females, Brooms Head, pond among dunes on the headland, 29°36’47.9”S, 153°20’ 18.6”E, 19 December 1983, BVT, AM P99008; Brooms Head south beach, swamp in frontal dunes, 29°37’34.3”S, 153°19’37.7”E, 18 March 1977, BVT, 3 males, 5 females, AM P99009. Description. Male. Head (Fig. 12 B) with ocular tubercle prominent, the compound eye occupying about 50% of its diameter. Rostrum protruding a little more than the ocular tubercle and at right angles from its base, triangular in shape, and with a blunt apex. Ocellus slightly smaller than compound eye and lying at base of rostrum. Dorsal organ posterior to eye by about half its height, pedunculate and asymmetrical and not quite as high as ocular tubercle. First antennae (Fig. 12 B) almost twice the length of peduncle of second antennae, and with seven lobes, each with numerous short sensory setae. Second antennae (Fig. 12 E) with spinose peduncle and dorsal flagellum with 10 antennomeres; ventral flagellum with 12 antennomeres; dorsally with 1–3 short spines and ventrally with 1–5 longer setae. Distal antennomeres with minimal spines and maximal setae. Carapace (Fig. 12 A) elongated oval, opaque brown and darker dorsally, with hardly any indication of growth lines. Adductor muscle scar at about 45° to carapace long axis, only visible when animal removed from carapace. Thoracopods. Eighteen pairs of thoracopods. Claspers (Fig. 12 D) with palm trapezoidal, with distinct rounded expansion distomedially. Apical club spherical with gripping area bearing many stout spines directedmedially.Small palp with many short, thin spines apically. Finger arcuate with a blunt apex and many rounded pits ventrally. Long palp of claspers I and II inserted on apical edge of palm, with 3 palpomeres and 3 stout setae at first junction and many thin, limp setae on flattened palaform apices. Long palp of first clapser about 1.25 × length of palm and in second clasper, 2 × length. Other thoracopods of typical structure for Paralimnadia, decreasing is size and complexity posteriorly. Last ten segments dorsally with a short spine medially. Telson (Fig. 12 C) with spine rows bearing about 14 pairs of spines, with anteriormost spine about twice the size of next few, and penultimate spines a little longer than most spines. Spines with spinulae.Telsonic filaments originating from a mound a little higher than the dorsal floor of the telson positioned at about the fourth spine pair. Dorsal floor of telson posterior to mound slopes steeply, then with slightly convex surface to base of cercopod. Cercopods almost as long as the posterior margin of telson, basal 50% hardly narrowing to small spine then rapid narrowing to acute apex. About 9 long (reaching large posteriormost spine of telson) setae on basal half and many tiny denticles dorsolaterally on apical half. Setae geniculate and plumose.Ventroposterior corner of telson rounded and hardly protruding. Female. Head (Fig. 12 G) with ocular tubercle prominent, with compound eye occupying about 50% of diameter. Rostrum a rounded prominent bulge, slightly less prominent than ocular tubercle and with middle basal part occupied by large ocellus, about 80% size of compound eye. Dorsal organ posterior to eye by about threequarters of its height, pedunculate and asymmetrical and not quite as high as ocular tubercle. First antennae (Fig. 12 G) a little shorter than peduncle of second antennae, with 3 small lobes each with many short sensory setae. Second antennae largely as in male, though dorsal flagellum with 11 rather than 10 antennomeres. Carapace (Fig. 12 F) as in male, though more vaulted dorsally. Thoracopods. Seventeen pairs of thoracopods of typical Paralimnadia structure. Trunk dorsum with segments 1–9 inerm, segments 10–14 with 3–5 spines medioterminally and segments 15–17 with spine medioterminally. Thoracopods 9 and 10 with a long flabellum dorsally. Telson (Fig. 12 H) as in male, though with 19 pairs of posterior row spines, otherwise with cercopod similar. Egg (Fig. 11 A, B) broadly angular, mean diameter 232 µm (range 220–238 µm, n = 10). About 12 rounded, separated knobs protruding about 50 µm and each linked by up to 10 sharp, radiating ridges alternating with grooves about 60 µm long. Some grooves with tiny pits. Variability. The relative size of the compound eye varies between specimens from about 40–70%; the same with the ocellus. The male rostrum is always triangular and slightly larger than the ocular tubercle. First antennal lobes vary from 6 to 9 and the antennomeres from 9–12, with the ventral flagellum usually with more than dorsal flabellum. Females may have 18 trunk segments as in males. Telsonic spines vary from 14–19, but the arrangement of the first about twice the following few, then the middle few the shortest and the last few of increasing length is apparently standard. The cercopod is the least variable component, with always 8–10 setae and a 50:50 division between the setae carrying base and narrowing denticulated distal portion. Differential diagnosis. Many features such as relative length and shape of male rostrum, number of antenna I lobes, number and relative size of telsonic spines, size of projection at the mediodistal corner of the clasper hand and number of palpomers of the large palp of the clasper are shared in various combinations with other species. However, the egg of P. ammolophos n. sp. is unique with its knob shaped projections approximately 12 in number. Of those species with long cercopod setae (P. bishop n. sp., P. flavia n. sp., P. queenlandicus n sp.), P. ammolophos n. sp. is the only one with <10 of uniform length. Other differences from P. bishopi n. sp., which live in a similar habitat, are given below. Distribution and ecology. This species is apparently restricted to temporary rainfilled hollows in coastal dunes in northern New South Wales (Fig. 4). These are slightly-moderately acidic (pH ca. 5–6) and often humic (Timms 1982). It could occur further north and south of this region as neither has been explored, but it has not been found further inland. It was common before the coastal dune country of northern New South Wales was mined for mineral sands in the 1960–80 s (author unpublished) but it now persists in a few sites not mined and then occurs only sporadically.Published as part of Timms, Brian V., 2016, A review of the Australian endemic clam shrimp, Paralimnadia Sars 1896 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Spinicaudata), pp. 451-508 in Zootaxa 4161 (4) on pages 471-474, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4161.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/26644
Lynceus baylyi TIMMS, 2013, sp.nov.
No full textLynceus baylyi sp.nov. (Figs. 4D, 6A,B,E,F, 10, 11) Etymology. This species is named for Dr Ian A. E. Bayly, limnological pioneer and an early student of gnammas (rockholes). It is particularly fitting this species should honour him as it occurs mainly in gnammas in the arid inland of Western Australia, the site of many recent expeditions by Ian in a quest to understand the early white explorers and track makers of this remote part of Australia and to study its gnammas (see Bayly 2009; Bayly et al. 2011). Type locality. Australia, Western Australia, 14.6 km NNE of Trayning, middle gnamma of five in a row, 30 o 59’ 29”S, 117 o 50’ 47”E, 20 October 2011, collector BVT. Holotype. Male deposited in the Western Australian Museum (Perth). Length 6.9 mm. Registration number WAM 51627. Allotype. Female deposited in the Western Australian Museum (Perth). Length 6.9 mm. Registration number, WAM 51628. Paratypes. 8 altogether; 2 males and 2 females deposited in Australian Museum (Sydney). Accession number, AM P89064, and 2 males and two females deposited in Western Australian Museum (Perth) WAM 51629. Other Material. South Australia: Muckera Rockhole, N of Cook, SAM C7628. Western Australia: 140 km NW of Warburton, rockhole Bakers Range, 20, June, 1979, J. Blyth, WAM 51571; gnamma 1.6 km WSW of Mt Samuel, AM P55688; Great Victoria Desert, David Carnegie Rd, Pikalu Rockholes, 26 o 54.795’S, 124 o 27.505’E, 4 September, 2010, IAEB, WAM 51572; Great Victoria Desert, Great Central Rd near Tjukayirla Roadhouse, Tugaila Rockhole, 27 o 09.355’S, 124 o 34.378’E, 3 September 2010, IAEB, WAM 51573; Great Victoria Desert, Ryans Bluff, gnamma on top, 27 o 14’ 04”S, 126 o 26’ 34”E, 16 May 1968, A.G. Matthews, WAM 51320; Great Victoria Desert, Great Central Rd, Eurothurra Rockhole, 5 September, 2010, IAEB, WAM 51574; Great Victoria Desert, Saunders Range North Rockhole, 27 o 49.693’S, 125 o 37.453’E, 29 August 2010, IAEB, WAM 51575; Great Victoria Desert, Point Saunders Waterhole, 27 o 50.865’S, 125 o 38.356’E, 30 August, 2010, IAEB, WAM 51576; Great Victoria Desert, Amy Waterhole, 27 o 52.097’S, 125 o 18.553’E, 27 August 2010, IAEB, WAM 51577; Great Victoria Desert, Hanns Lily Rockhole, 28 o 00.281’S, 124 o 44.832’E, 26 August 2010, IAEB, WAM 51578; Great Victoria Desert, Point Sunday Rd, Point Sunday Rockhole, 28 o 07.433’S, 124 o 03.077’E, 24 August 2010, IAEB, WAM 51579; Great Victoria Desert, Bartletts Bluff Rock Hole, 29 o 04.900’S, 124 o 36.615’E, 6 July 2010, Ian Elliot, WAM 51580; Leinster, 56 km N, Kathleen Valley (Wanjarri), ca 27 o 24’S, 120 o 38’E, pre 1978, J. Moriaty, WAM 51325; Laverton, 64 km SSE, Mt East, gnamma, 28 o 58’ 16”S, 122 o 39’ 21”E, August 1963, G. Hutchin, WAM 51315; Beacon, 40 km NW, Washington Rocks, 30 o 09’ 06”S, 117 o 34’ 41’E, 4 August 2012, BVT, WAM 51581; Beacon, 14 km NNW, Yellari Gnamma, 30 o 19’ 44”S, 117 o 49’ 58”E, 29 August 2009, BVT, WAM 51581: Bencubbin, 3 km N, northmost pit gnamma on Cadigan, 30 o 46’ 53”S, 117 o 52’22”E, 5 August 2012, BVT, WAM 51583. Diagnosis. Endite VI of thoracopod I with a broad base, evenly curved and with a long and thin digitiform process, a little longer than the basal width and tapering apically to a rounded tip. The digitiform process reaches about three quarters along medial surface of endite III, completely covering the spines at its distomedial surface. Truncated male rostrum at an angle of about 45 o to rostral axis. Description of male. Head (Figs. 6A, 10B,C): subequal to body size, finely punctuate. Fornices broad, angulated and arcuate over second antennal base. Small mound centroposteriorly, the site of the dorsal organ. Compound eyes close together about midway along the central ridge and just posterior to the frontal pore and two small lateral setal fields. Ocellus deeply embedded beneath the setal fields. Rostrum about as long as wide with lateral margin slightly expanded distally and with these margins slightly divergent. Lateral suture between compound eye and lateral fornix dividing a slightly elevated posterior head from a slightly depressed posterior rostrum. Central carina a sharp ridge bifurcating distally associated with terminal truncation to form a broadly based and sloping triangular facet. Ventral margin of triangular base slightly arcuate and ciliated. Head bent anteriorly from plane of compound eye/dorsal organ to rostrum by about 30 o and triangular truncated facet sloping at about 45 o from plane of rostrum. First antenna (Fig 10D) small much shorter than rostrum and with two antennomeres. Proximal antennomere cylindrical and distal antennomere clavate, about 2.5 times length of proximal antennomere, and bearing, mainly dorsally, numerous papillae. Second antennae (Fig 10E) biramous, well developed, twice as long as rostrum. Peduncle of three segments; proximal segment with three to four plumose setae, second segment with 1one to two spines and distal peduncular segment with about 14 short spines anteriorly against the first antennomere of anterior ramus. Anterior ramus of about 35 antennomeres and ventral ramus with a few more antennomeres. Both rami with long plumose ventral setae, one per antennomere, while anterior ramus with short dorsal setae also, almost always one per antennomere. Labrum large, well developed, clothed in small setae. Mandible broadly spatulate. First maxilla typical for genus and second maxilla absent. Carapace (Fig. 10A): with hinge line straight, umbo and growth lines lacking. Anterior margin broadly arcuate, curving evenly to ventral margin and back to the posterior, though posterior slightly narrower so that deepest part of carapace a little before midway along its length. Dorsally carapace slightly arcuate, thus hiding the hinge line. Valves roundly inflated laterally. Carapace surface finely punctate. Abductor muscle scar in an anteriolateral position about twice its diameter from the margin and associated with oval imprint of maxillary glands lying at about 40 o to the hinge line. Thorax. Ten thoracic segments, each with a pair of thoracopods. Anal plate (Fig. 10K) partly divided centroposteriorly, each half bearing long seta apically. Somite below enlarged, similarly divided with each half bearing a small denticle apically. Thoracopod I modified as a clasping appendage, right and left claspers equal in shape and size (Fig 3D, 6B, 10F). Endite VI with a broad base, evenly curved and with a long thin digitiform process, a little longer than the basal width and tapering apically to a rounded tip. This digitiform process closely appressed to endite III and reaching well beyond the latter’s spine row, to about two-thirds along the medial surface of endite III. Endite V three to four times larger than endite IV, subcylindrical and gently curved, and irregularly clothed in long setae, one series of about 15 stouter setae in a defined curved row extending from about one third way along the endite to almost the apex and the other setal series thinner and in a oval field somewhat dishevelled adjacent to the row. Endite IV asymmetrically shaped with margin adjacent to endite V gently curving and with few setae, while the opposite margin distinctly curved and clothed with many long setae. Endite III rectangular in lateral view though narrowing slightly distally and with longest axis aligned parallel to axis of thoracopod. Distomedial corner with a row of about eight triangular spines of various sizes. Mediolateral face with numerous stout setae mainly distributed marginally on the face but crowded in distomedial corner. Thoracopod II (Fig. 11) of typical general form with 5 endites medially, an exopod with dorsal and ventral lobes and an epipodite (Martin and Belk 1988). Endite I (= endite of praecoxa, Ferrari and Grygier 2012), subcylindrical with many short setae on distal (medial) surface and many long closely spaced setae on proximal margin and terminating in two teeth, each with two rows of denticles. Endites II and III rectangular, endite II about 50% longer than endite III, both with numerous shorter anterior setae and longer posterior setae. About 20 of the former on endite II with serrated margins on distal half, other anterior setae naked and located mainly on proximal and distal portion of Endite II and all along Endite III. Posterior setae of endites II and III plumose but lateral setules short. Endites IV, V and endopod digitiform with rounded apices and numerous long plumose setae similar to the posterior setae of endites II and II on their basal margins. A few pectinate setae near their apices. Palp without a hook apically.Ventral (i.e. distal) lobe of exopod lanceolate but widest just beyond its base and margined with long plumose setae distally and shorter plumose setae basally. Dorsal (i.e. proximal) lobe of exopod foliate and margined with short plumose setae except at its medodistal corner with its many longer setae. All these plumose setae with long setules. Epipod subcylindrical with a rounded apex and naked margins. Thoracopods III to XI similar to thoracopod II, though the last three much reduced in size and lacking epipodites and proximal lobe of the exopodites. Description of female. Head (Fig 10I, J): general structure similar to male. Anterior dorsal carina not bifurcated and rostrum not truncated, so that rostrum a little longer than wide. Anterior margin of rostrum arcuate, projecting medially. Head axis from cervical suture to rostrum slightly curved (<30 o). Carapace: (Fig 10H) as in male, umbo lacking. Same size and shape. Egg mass, if present, visible through the carapace. Thorax: Twelve thoracic segments, the last three with a lamella abdominalis consisting of a digitiform process anteriomedially, three spaced and long digitiform processes laterally and a obtuse lobe posteriorly (Fig. 6E F, 10K). Anal plate as in the male, but last somite, though with a pointed apex, generally more rounded than in male (Fig. 10K). Thoracopods: 12 pairs of thoracopods, thoracopods IX and X with exopod dorsal lobes cylindrical and extending dorsally beyond thoracic dorsum. These help to anchor the egg mass. Last five thoracopods much reduced without an epipodite and proximal exopodite. Resting egg: (Fig. 4D) Round, irregular low wide ridges enclosing enlongated irregular depressions. Size 141.2 ± 3.4 ųm (n = 5). Size. Length holotype 6.9 mm, paratypes (n=4) 6.6 – 7.0 (x = 6.85 ± 0.17 mm); height holotype 5.5 mm, paratypes (n=4) 5.8 – 6.0 (x = 5.9 ± 0.08 mm), width holotype 4.8 mm. Length allotype 6.9 mm, paratypes (n=4) 6.1 – 7.0 (x = 6.62 ± 0.36 mm), height allotype 5.5 mm, paratypes (n=4) 5.1 – 5.7 (x = 5.47 ± 0.33 mm), width allotype 5.0 mm. Variabilty. The male rostral terminal facet may slope at angles greater up to 60 o rather than about 45 o. The first antenna can be shorter than the rostrum, but always the distal antennomere is longer than the proximal antennomere. Likewise the second antenna is not always twice the length of the rostrum, but can be as short as 1.5 x the rostrum length, but in adults at least, the number of antennomeres always approximate 35. There may however be as few as eight setae on the third antennomere of the peduncle (instead of up to 14), and the basal peduncle antennomere can bear as many as 7 plumose setae. On the clasper, the digitiform process of endite VI may be much longer than its basal width, the palps variable in shape and setation, and the teeth on the medioposterior corner of endite III can number 6 to 9. In females the rostral apex may be notched at the anteriolateral corner and the lobes on the posteriolateral plate can vary in proportions and shape, though there are always two anteriodorsal digitiform processes. The lamella abdominalis presents differently in different individuals, probably because the posterior lobe sometimes is tucked under main lamina to form an efficient structure for holding eggs. The digitiform process can vary from triangular to digitiform in shape, and occasionally there are two rather than a single anteriomedial digitiform process. Distribution and Ecology. Lynceus baylyi sp. nov. occurs most reliably in gnammas (rockholes) in the remote central inland (Great Victoria and Gibson Deserts) of Western Australia. There are also a few records in pit gnammas curiously arranged in a line south of Paynes Find (Washington Rocks) to Beacon (Yellari Rocks) to Bencubbin (Cadigan Rock) to Trayning (the five pit gnammas 14 km north of town, Fig. 9B), perhaps indicating some past directional dispersal. Interestingly this could give some credence to an aboriginal legend concerning the mythical Nyimgarn, the Echnida, which came down from Ninghan Station (west of Paynes Find) to Trayning and dug out the five pits there with his snout. There is also an extension in distribution across to the northern Nullarbor in South Australia and the likelihood of occurrences in the Pitjantjatjara Lands of northwestern South Australia, given similar environment to that in the Great Victoria Desert. It is a long lived species, thought to live for at least 6–9 months (author, unpublished data) and is the largest Lynceus in Australia, growing to about 7 mm. It is invariably found in deeper gnammas, these generally being pipe gnammas in laterite or pit gnammas in granite (see Bayly et al. 2012; author unpublished data).Published as part of TIMMS, BRIAN V, 2013, A Revision of the Australian species of Lynceus Müller, 1776 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Laevicaudata, Lynceidae), pp. 501-533 in Zootaxa 3702 (6) on pages 516-520, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.6.
Lynceus magdaleanae TIMMS, 2013, sp. nov.
No full textL. magdaleanae sp. nov. (Figs. 3E, 4E, 12) Etymology. This species is named for Magdaleana Davis (nee Zofkova) to honour molecular her work in identifying the presence of at least three species of Lynceus in Western Australia. Type locality. Australia, Western Australia, 18 km NE of Goomalling, East Oak Park pit gnamma, 31 o 08’ 20”S, 116 o 52’ 49”E, 19 October 2011, collector BVT. Holotype. Male deposited in the Western Australian Museum (Perth). Length 5.5 mm. Registration number WAM 51624. Allotype. Female deposited in the Western Australian Museum (Perth). Length 5.0 mm. Registration number, WAM 51625. Paratypes. 8 altogether; 2 males and 2 females deposited in Australian Museum (Sydney) Registration number, AM P89077, and 2 males and two females deposited in Western Australian Museum (Perth), WAM 51626. Other Material. Northern Territory: Papunya, 4 km E, gnamma on Warumpi Hill, 23 o 15’S, 131 o 54’E), 14 May 1998, IAEB, AM P90069; Macdonnell Ranges, Palm Creek in PalmValley, 24 o 03’ 25”S, 132 o 44’ 47”E, 13 September 1958, D.F. McMichael, AM P55727 & P88376; Kata Tjuta (= Mt. Olga), 25 o 17’ 22”E, 130 o 44’ 18”E, 11 August 1966, A Frecker & P. Keane, AM P55684 & P88157. Queensland: 105 km N of Hughenden, L. Louisa, 19 o 53’ 36”S, 144 o 15’10”E, 7 April 2009, BVT & MS, AM P89078; 7 km E of Boulia, burrow pit, 22 o 54’ 44”S, 139 o 58’24”E, 4 March 2011; BVT & MS, AM P89079; 2 km E of Boulia, swamp, 22 o 54’ 41”S, 139 o 55’ 30”E, 4 March 2011, BVT & MS, AM P90067; 76 km NE of Aramac, L Galilee Hazelmere Inlet, 22 o 26’ 00”S, 145 o 42’30”E, 15 February, 2010, BVT & MS, AM P90068. South Australia: Musgrave Ranges, Erliwunyawunya Rockhole, 29 May 1961, H.G. Cogger, AM P15286, P55685, P88143, P88380; Musgrave Ranges, 7 km S of Mt. Woodroffe, waterhole in Currie Creek tributary, 9 May 1983, 26 o 19.134’E. 131 o 44.715’E, W. Zeidler, SAM C7631; Everard Ranges, Carmeena Rockhole, 27 o 06.51’S, 132 o 33.011’E, 14 August 1914, Capt S. A. White, SAM C7632; Everard Homestead, Victoria Springs, 27 o 0.368’S, 132 o 42.565’E, 31 October 1970, E Matthews SAM C7646; Gawler Ranges, pool near Hiltaba Homestead, 32 o 09.422’S, 135 o 04.084’E, P. Aerfeldt & P. Cokerham, 14 October 1984, SAM 7633; Gawler Ranges, pool near Yarna Homestead, 32 o 03.213’S, 135 o 07.751’E, P. Aerfeldt & P. Cokerham, 15 October 1984, SAM C7634; Gawler Ranges, pool near Paney Homestead, 32 o 35.240’S, 135 o 25.803’E, P. Aerfeldt & P. Cokerham, 16 October 1984, SAM C7635; Gawler Ranges National Park, 40 km NE of Wudinna, Policemans Point, 32 o 35’ 17”S, 135 o 26’ 30”E, 5 October 2009, BVT, SAM C7636; 13.5 km NE of Minnipa, Pildappa Rock, western pit gnamma, 32 o 45’ 05”S, 135 o 13’ 48”E, 23 November 2003, BVT, SAM P7637; 25 km ENE of Wudinna, Peela Rock, northernmost pit gnamma, 33 o 00’ 09”S, 135 o 43’ 28”E, 26 October 2011, BVT, SAM C7638; Frances, Lake Cadnite, 36deg 42.685’S, 140deg 56.559’E, 6 May 1979, W. Zeidler, SAM C7639. Western Australia: Little Sandy Desert, Hutton Range, 16 km N, ca 24 o 46’S, 123 o 48’E, 4 September 1971,no collector recorded, WAM 51322; 83 km N of Northhampton, Euardy Station, roadside ditch, 27 o 36’ 31”S, 114 o 41’ 43”E, 5 July 2011, Koen Martens, WAM 51591; 50 km NW of Cue, pit gnamma on Walloo Hill, 27 o 14’ 47”S, 117 o 25’ 44”E, 23 August 2009, BVT, WAM 51592; Gibson Desert, Gunbarrel Highway, Mt Samuel, pool (probably one of the Mangi gnammas) 1.6 km WSW, 1 June 1966, 25 o 45’ 50”S, 125 o 55’ 50”E (for Mt Samuel), K. Davey. AM P55668, P88159; Great Victoria Desert, Knight Gnamma Holes, 28 o 12.795’S, 124 o 39.993’S, 25 August 2010, IAEB, WAM 51593; Great Victoria Desert, Sunday Surprise Rocks, 27 o 57.379’S, 125 o 00.350’E, 27 August 2009, IAEB, WAM 51594; 60 road km SE of Giles, Kutjurritari Gnammas, ca 25 o 17’S, 127 o 49’E, 23 September 2009, BVT, WAM 51595; Great Victoria Desert, Connie Sue Highway, gnammas 10 km W of Lake Serpentine, 26 August 1980, J.A. Forrest, WAM 51596; Warburton, Windaroo Rockhole, 21 June 1979, J. Blyth, WAM 51597; 71 km WSW of Menzies, pit gnamma on Scorpion Rocks, 29 o 51’ 10”S, 120 o 19’ 36”E, 10 October 2011, Bindy Datson, WAM 51598; Paynes Find area, 2 September 1991, no date or collector recorded, WAM 51317; 11 km NNW of Paynes Find, south pit gnamma on Bullamanya Rocks, 29 o 09’ 53”S, 117 o 39’ 36”E, 5 October 2010, BVT, WAM 51599; 15 km SW of Wubin, pit gnamma on Miamoon Rocks, 30 o 09’ 07”S, 116 o 20’ 45”E, 14 September 2003, BVT, WAM 51600; 25 km E of Wongan Hills, Dingo Rock, 30 o 50’ 41”S, 116 o 58’ 30”E, 27 September 2012, BVT, WAM 51601; 43 km NNW of Hyden, rock pool at base of Mt Walker; 32 o 04’ 11”S, 118 o 45’ 21”E, 31 August 2009, BVT, WAM 51602; 17 km NE of Hyden, northern pit gnamma at The Humps, 32 o 18’ 41”S, 118 o 57’ 37”E, 4 August 2005, BVT, WAM 51603; near Buncubbin, Dajoing, soak at Yalburnunging Rock, no date, E. Simpson, WAM 51318; 40 km NE of Mukinbudin, pit gnamma on Yanneymooning Rock, 30 o 43’ 04”S, 118 o 33’ 24”E, 24 October 2010, BVT, WAM 51604; 44 km S of Coolgardie, pit gnamma on Victoria Rock, 31 o 17’ 37”S, 120 o 55’ 32”E, 14 September 2002, IAEB & BVT, WAM 51605; 40 km E of Lake King Township, pit gnamma on Lilian Stokes Rock, 33 o 04’ 06”S, 120 o 05’ 49”E, 1 September 2009, BVT, WAM 51606; 95 km SW of Norseman, near Metcalf Lake, creek crossing, permanent water under rock tunnel, 32 o 28’ 30”S, 120 o 49’E, no date or collector recorded; WAM 51323; Dundas, rockhole, ca 32 o 27’S, 121 o 46’E, no date or collector, WAM 6735; 27.5 km NE of Norseman, Buldania Rocks, western pit gnamma, 4 December 1959, D.H. Edwards, AM P55661 & P88381; 89.6 road kms E of Norseman off Eyre Highway, Smithania Rock, June 1964, Lee, AM P55656 & P88153; 196 km E of Norseman, a pit gnamma on Balladonia Rock, 32 o 27’ 41”S, 123 o 51’ 48”E, 18 March 2007, BVT, WAM 51607. Diagnosis. Thoracopod I of male with endite VI with a broad almost rectangular base because of a distinct angular hump of about 110–120 o on the distal surface, and a short somewhat triangular process medially, much shorter than the base and reaching only about a third of the medial length of endite III, and not covering all the teeth on the distomedial surface of endite III. Description of male. Head (Fig 12B,C) subequal to body size, finely punctuate. Fornices broad, angulated and arcuate over second antennal base. Small mound centroposteriorly the site of the dorsal organ. Compound eyes close together about midway along central ridge and just posterior to the frontal pore and two small lateral setal fields. Ocellus deeply embedded beneath the setal fields. Rostral dorsal surface lower than surface posterior to compound eye, the junction marked by the lateral suture from the eye to the nearby fornix. Rostrum about as long as wide with upper surface significantly expanded terminally (by about 30% each side). Central carina bold and bifurcated distally associated with terminal truncation to form a broadly based triangular terminal facet. This facet ciliated on the ventral edge and almost at right angles to head alignment and with anterior margin of base straight. First antenna (Fig 12D) small, a little shorter than rostrum, and with two antennomeres. Proximal antennomere cylindrical with concave face terminally and supporting second antennomere. This antennomere subequal in length to the first, clavate and with a few short setae terminally and on dorsal distal surface. Second antenna (Fig 12E) biramous, well developed, twice as long as rostrum. Peduncle of three segments, proximal segment with 3–4 plumose setae, middle segment with 1–2 spines and the distal peduncular segment with about 8 short spines mainly at the base of the anterior ramus. Anterior ramus with about 25 antennomeres and ventral ramus with a few more antennomeres. Both rami with long plumose ventral setae, one per antennomere, while anterior ramus with short dorsal setae also. Labrum large, well developed, clothed in small setae. Mandible broadly spatulate. First maxilla typical for genus and second maxilla absent. Carapace (Fig 12A) with hinge line slightly arcuate, umbo lacking and no growth lines. Anterior margin broadly arcuate, curving evenly to ventral margin and back to the posterior, though posterior is slightly narrower so that deepest part of carapace a little before midway along its length. Dorsally carapace slightly arcuate, thus hiding the hinge line. Valves roundly inflated laterally. Carapace surface finely punctate. Abductor muscle scar in an anteriolateral position about twice its diameter from the margin and associated with oval imprint of maxillary glands lying at about 40 o to the hinge line. Thorax. Ten thoracic segments, each with paired thoracopods. Anal plate partly divided centroposteriorly, each half bearing a long seta. Somite below enlarged, even more divided centroposteriorly and each half bearing a small denticle apically. Thoracopod I (Fig 3E, 12F) modified as a clasping appendage, the right and left claspers equal in shape and size. Endite VI with a broad almost rectangular base because of a distinct angular hump of about 110–120 o on the distal surface, and a short somewhat triangular medial process, much shorter than the base and reaching only about a third of the medial length of endite III and not covering all the spines row on the distiomedial surface of endite III. Endite V cylindrical and straight, and about two and a half times longer than broad and four to five times larger than endite IV. Endite V with a vertical row of about 13 larger stout setae from about one third of the endite’s length to its apex and also with an oval field of numerous lithe setae centred about 90 o around the palp but spreading close to the distinct setal row and covering the distal two-thirds of the palp. Endite IV oval in profile and margined with numerous setae mainly on the side distal to Endite V. Endite III rectangular but distinctly narrowing distally and with major axis at right angles to thoracopod axis. A row of about nine triangular spines distiomedially and a large field of stout setae mediolaterally clumped distally. Thoracopod II of general form for Lynceus (Martin & Belk, 1988) and depicted for L. baylyi (Fig.11) with two significant differences: 1) it lacks serrated anterior setae, all anterior setae being naked and 2) the distal lobe of the exopod narrows evenly along its length instead of having a distinctly wider area near its base. Thoracopods III to XI similar to thoracopod II, though the last three much reduced in size and lacking epipodites and proximal lobe of the exopodites. Description of female: Head (Fig. 12G,H): general structure similar to male. Compound eyes, ocellus, frontal pore and setal fields as in male. However anterior dorsal carina not bifurcated and rostrum not truncated, so that rostrum a little longer than wide. Rostrum increases in width anteriorly by about 30% on each side. Central carinae bold and lateral suture marking boundary between higher posterior surface and lower rostral dorsal surface as in male. Anterior margin of rostrum arcuate, but with a small notch at each anteriolateral corner. Carapace as in male, umbo lacking, no growth lines, same size and shape. Egg mass, if present, visible through the carapace. Thorax. Twelve thoracic segments, the last three with a lamina abdominalis laterally (Fig 12J). This lamina with an obtuse process anteriorly, two subequal triangular lateral lobes and a larger triangular lateral lobe posteriorly. A thin digital process arising dorsolaterally from a broad swollen base between the clavate process and the first triangular lobe. Anal plate as in the male, but last somite more rounded than in male. Thoracopods. 12 pairs of thoracopods, diminishing in size posteriorly, and thoracopods IX and X with exopod dorsal lobes cylindrical and extending dorsally beyond thoracic dorsum. These, plus the lamina abdominalis, help to anchor the egg mass. Resting egg. (Fig 4E) Round, irregular low wide ridges enclosing enlongated irregular depressions. Size 111.5 ± 4.6 ųm (n = 5). Size. Length holotype 5.5 mm, paratypes (n=4) 5.2 – 5.8 (x = 5.5 ± 0.35 mm); height holotype 5.0 mm, paratypes 4.2 – 5.1 (x = 4.75 ± 0.36 mm), width holotype 4.4 mm. Length allotype 5.0 mm, paratypes 4.9 – 5.4 (x = 5.15 ± 0.21 mm), height allotype 4.7 mm, paratypes 4.2 – 5.2 (x = 4.6 ± 0.42 mm), width allotype 3.9 mm. Variability. In males the truncated terminal facet of the rostrum is not always at 90 o to the rostral axis, but may be as low as 75 o. The rostrum may be expanded terminally by about 20–25%, rather than 30%, and the dorsal carina is not always bold, hardly standing expressed beyond the rostral dorsal surface. On the clasper, the hump on the basal part of endite VI is not always so distinct as in the type, the endites V and IV are variable in shape and setation, and the spines on the distomedial corner of endite III vary from six to nine. Interestingly the sites in the distributional outlier of north Queensland, mostly have 22–26 large setae in the setal row on endite V and only five to seven teeth on the distomedial corner of endite III, whereas the average is about 15 setae and seven to nine teeth over most of the range in WA and SA. In females, the rostrum may not be as wide terminally as in the type and on the posteriolateral plate the size and shape of the lateral lobes are variable, but there is always only one dorsal digitiform process anteriorly. Distribution. L. magdaleanae sp. nov. occurs ubiquitously in deeper gnammas throughout the Wheatbelt (e.g. Fig. 9C) and adjacent Goldfields of Western Australia (except the strip from Beacon to Trayning occupied by L. baylyi sp.nov. ― see above). It also occurs in pit gnammas throughout the northern Eyre Peninsula, Gawler Ranges and northwestern half of South Australia and the southwestern Northern Terrritory, and sporadically in gnammas in the central deserts of Western Australia. L. magdaleanae sp. nov. is also established in northern Queensland but not in gnammas; these occurrences and habitat choice seem incongruous considering its widespread occurrence in gnammas in WA and western SA. Perhaps these northern Queensland records are of a separate species, but so far they are only distinguishable by a slightly different count of setae of endite V and of spines on the distomedial corner of endite III. Specimens from the Wheatbelt and Goldfields of Western Australia were previously misidentified by MZ and the author as L. macleayanus (see Bayly et al 2012; Passaq et al. 2011; Timms 2006, 2012; Zofkova 2007).Published as part of TIMMS, BRIAN V, 2013, A Revision of the Australian species of Lynceus Müller, 1776 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Laevicaudata, Lynceidae), pp. 501-533 in Zootaxa 3702 (6) on pages 521-524, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.6.
FIGURE 9 in A Revision of the Australian species of Lynceus Müller, 1776 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Laevicaudata, Lynceidae)
No full textFIGURE 9. Images of sites where new species have been found. A, Peewah Ck, Pilbara, L. argillaphilus sp. nov., image courtesy A. Pinder, DEC, WA; B, middle gnamma in row of five,14.6 km N of Trayning, L. baylyi sp. nov., image by author; C, East Oak Park gnamma, via Goomalling, L. magdaleanae sp. nov., image by author; D. Gnamma in limestone, 12 km south of Cocklebiddy, Nullarbor Plain, L. susanneae sp. nov., image courtesy A. Clarke, DEC, WA. Gnammas B, C and D are the type localities for their respective species.Published as part of <i>TIMMS, BRIAN V, 2013, A Revision of the Australian species of Lynceus Müller, 1776 (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Laevicaudata, Lynceidae), pp. 501-533 in Zootaxa 3702 (6)</i> on page 516, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3702.6.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10099172">http://zenodo.org/record/10099172</a>
Neukartierungen deutscher Kolonialgebiete. Postkoloniale Schreibweisen in Uwe Timms Roman Morenga
No full textCITATION: Holdenried, M. 2011. Neukartierungen deutscher Kolonialgebiete. Postkoloniale Schreibweisen in Uwe Timms Roman Morenga. Zeitschrift für interkulturelle Germanistik, 2, doi:10.14361/zig.2011.0209.The original publication is available at https://www.degruyterbrill.comThe topicality of Uwe Timm’s novel Morenga with its critique of colonialism, 33 years after its publication, is investigated against the backdrop of recent studies about the author and is newly positioned within the coordinates of post-colonial studies. The polyphonic layout, the scrutinizing scepticism with regard to the utopia of the foreign (and its intrapsychic power of projection in the colonial desire of the individual) as well as in particular the description of areas of contact and transgression of borders can be read as a new cartography of an almost forgotten part of history – long before post-colonial studies began to establish themselves in the German language arena. Whereas Timm has been ascribed to have used an aesthetics of failure, this contribution undertakes a different reading, taking note of the intertextual layering and deciphering it as a cultural topography of the open space.Publisher's versio
Cytochrome oxidase subunit VI of Trypanosoma brucei is imported without a cleaved presequence and is developmentally regulated at both RNA and protein levels
No full textMitochondrial respiration in the African trypanosome undergoes dramatic developmental stage regulation. This requires co-ordinated control of components encoded by both the nuclear genome and the kinetoplast, the unusual mitochondrial genome of these parasites. As a model for understanding the co-ordination of these genomes, we have examined the regulation and mitochondrial import of a nuclear-encoded component of the cytochrome oxidase complex, cytochrome oxidase subunit VI (COXVI). By generating transgenic trypanosomes expressing intact or mutant forms of this protein, we demonstrate that COXVI is not imported using a conventional cleaved presequence and show that sequences at the N-terminus of the protein are necessary for correct mitochondrial sorting. Analyses of endogenous and transgenic COXVI mRNA and protein expression in parasites undergoing developmental stage differentiation demonstrates a temporal order of control involving regulation in the abundance of, first, mRNA and then protein. This represents the first dissection of the regulation and import of a nuclear-encoded protein into the cytochrome oxidase complex in these organisms, which were among the earliest eukaryotes to possess a mitochondrion
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