1,721,059 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
EXHIBIT DESIGN AT THE GASKIN MUSEUM OF MARINE LIFE, NEW BRUNSWICK, CANADA
No full textPublic outreach and education can effectively improve human behavior toward the natural
environment. While communication between the scientific community and the general public is
often challenging, scientists can bring about favorable results by promoting awareness and
understanding of conservation goals. Such awareness and understanding are essential in
resolving many environmental problems, including the protection of endangered marine
mammals. With this in mind, I undertook a project to provide guidance in the development of
natural history exhibits at a small museum run by a non-profit research station, the Grand Manan
Whale and Seabird Research Station in Grand Manan, New Brunswick, Canada. Using the
principles of environmental education and the contextual model of learning as guides, I produced
a set of overall objectives for the museum. These included desired learning outcomes (e.g. an
understanding of the Bay of Fundy ecosystem), as well as aesthetic goals and design principles.
With these objectives in mind, I worked with Research Station personnel to renovate the
museum space, write exhibit text, design and create layouts for new exhibits, and improve the
museum’s collections. The project culminated in the production of a document outlining an
overall design plan for the Gaskin Museum of Marine Life, along with a discussion of rationale
from environmental interpretation and educational theory, and recommendations for
implementation and evaluation of the design plan. The results of this work may be applied to
similar projects in public outreach and education
Preliminary Observation of Depredation by Bottlenose Dolphins on the King Mackerel Troll Fishery in Florida
No full textConflicts between marine mammals and fisheries can be attributed to spatial overlap and
resource competition between cetaceans and fisheries and/or behavioral learning among
marine mammals. In the present study, I documented depredation by bottlenose dolphins
(Tursiops truncatus) in Florida’s king mackerel troll fishery. Depredation refers to the
behavior in which predator species remove or damage fish on fishing lines or in nets. I
conducted twenty-six surveys of charter and commercial fishermen in Islamorada,
Florida and twenty-three along Florida’s east coast from Fort Pierce south to Lake Worth
Inlet, and I observed dolphin behaviors from working vessels in these two study sites.
All survey respondents indicated they had observed bottlenose dolphins depredating bait
or catch. Fishermen reported that king mackerel was the species most often taken by
bottlenose dolphins. From behavioral observations, I found that dolphins took 6% of
king mackerel caught by charter fishermen and 20% of fish caught by commercial
fishermen. I attributed these differences to seasonal variation in fish distribution or gear
differences between vessel types. Preliminary tests demonstrated that a modification to
the outrigger planar will successfully deter bottlenose dolphins from engaging in
depredation, without causing a reduction in catch
ASSESSMENT OF SPATIAL OVERLAP OF FIXED FISHING GEAR AND RIGHT WHALES, EUBALAENA GLACIALIS, IN THE GULF OF MAINE
No full textRight whale, Eubalaena glacialis, entanglement in fixed fishing gear
remains one of the most crucial threats to the survival of the species today. Aerial
surveys conducted by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) from 2002-
2005 from the Gulf of Maine to the New York Bight recorded sighting events of
right whales as well as fixed fishing gear buoys. These data were used to assess
the presence or absence of spatial overlap between right whale sightings and
fixed gear sightings to provide locations where whales most likely are
encountering gear within the survey area. Preliminary results show persistent
between-year overlap in spring, and within-year overlap in the summer, fall, and
winter. This is the first study to utilize NMFS sightings of both right whales and
fixed fishing gear. The resulting interaction zones can inform managers and
possibly identify important areas for entanglement mitigation such as time area
closures
Impact of Boat Traffic on Bottlenose Dolphins in Core Creek, NC, with a Case Study of Dolphin-Watch Activities and Consumer
No full textI conducted a land-based theodolite study from June 27 through August 20,2001, to
examine the response of dolphins to vessel traffic in Core Creek, NC. Groups of animals
were displaced from the Intracoastal Waterway (ICW) when transiting boats passed through
the study site. Dolphins changed direction least when multiple boat activities occurred while
animals reoriented most when no boats were present. Differences in the directness of
groups' travel path were seen among various categories of vessel traffic. Pairs of mothers
and calves were closely associated when vessels were present; pairs were farther apart when
no boats were in the study site, although this difference was not significant.
I also conducted a social science survey to examine dolphin-watch activities,
consumer education, and customer satisfaction on these vessels. I compared customer
satisfaction between three boats with varying customer interaction and levels of interactions.
Forty-five percent of customers on the operation with highest educational content were
satisfied with their trip. Most patrons on the other boats wished to see other activities
incorporated into their experiences. Therefore, my study suggests that dolphin-watch
patrons to the Beaufort/Morehead City, NC, area value educational content.
From these two studies, I developed policy recommendations to reduce impact of
vessel traffic on bottlenose dolphins in Core Creek and to enhance the dolphin-watch
.industry in the area. My suggestions include: 1.) Establishment of a regional ecotour operators' association, 2.) Development of a dolphin-watch certification program,
3.) Promotion of land-based operations, and 4.) Integration of naturalists and researchers into daily operations of dolphin-watches.</p
- …
