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Efektivitas formulasi sediaan salep fraksi etil asetat daun kemangi terhadap penyembuhan luka sayat pada tikus putih jantan
No full textTanaman kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L.) memiliki senyawa kimia berupa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin dan steroid yang berkhasiat untuk menyembuhkan luka. Daun kemangi digunakan dibeberapa Negara termasuk Indonesia, yang dimanfaatkan sebagai obat tradisional untuk penyembuhan luka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui uji efektivitas fraksi etil asetat daun kemangi terhadap penyembuhan luka sayat pada tikus putih jantan, dengan memformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan salep. Jenis penelitiaan ini adalah ekperimental Ekstrak daun kemangi diperoleh dengan metode maserasi, kemudian dikentalkan, dilakukan proses fraksi etil asetat. Kemudian hasil fraksi dilakukan skrining fitokimia. Kemudiaan diformulasikan dalam sediaan salep dengan konsentrasi 15%, 20% dan 25%. Kemudian dilakukan evaluasi sedian salep meliputi, organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya sebar, daya lekat, dan viskositas. Sediaan salep diaplikasikan pada punggung tikus telah dilukai sebanyak 25 ekor. Hasil uji sediaan salep fraksi etil asetat dari daun kemangi dinyatakan adanya efektivitas terhadap penyembuhan luka sayat pada tikus yang ditunjukan pada kelompok konsentrasi 15%, 20% dan 25%. Parameter yang digunakan yaitu penutupan panjang luka dan lama waktu penyembuhan luka sayat pada tikus. Pada konsentrasi 15 % penutupan dan penyembuhan luka terjadi pada hari ke- 15, pada konsentrasi 20% penutupan dan penyembuhan luka terjadi pada hari ke-10 dan pada konsentrasi 25% penyembuhan luka pada tikus terjadi pada hari ke-12, sedangkan kontrol negatif dan kontrol positif tidak memberikan penyembuhan dalam waktu 14 hari. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan konsentrasi yang paling cepat memberikan efektivitas penyembuhan luka, yaitu salep fraksi etil asetat daun kemangi konsentrasi 20%
ADMINISTRATIVE, PHARMACEUTIC AND CLINICAL STUDY OF PRESCRIPTION ANTI-DIABETES DRUGS IN ONE OF MEDAN CITY PHARMACIES
Full text linkDiabetes melitus adalah penyakit kronis yang diakibatkan oleh resistensi insulin ditandai dengan kadar gula darah semakin tinggi. Diabetes mellitus memiliki angka kejadian yang cukup tinggi hampir di setiap negara. Kebaruan penelitian ini karena meneliti tentang kajian administratif, farmasetis dan klinis resep obat anti diabetes di salah satu apotek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kesesuaian pelayanan resep antidiabetik di apotek pada aspek kesesuaian adminstratif,farmasetis dan klinis resep dengan PMK No. 35 tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Apotek Kebaruan penelitian ini meneliti kajian administratif, farmasetis dan klinis resep obat anti diabetes. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data diperoleh dari resep periode Oktober – Desember 2020. Peneliti melakukan pengecekan didalam resep adakah obat yang berinteraksi antara obat satu dengan obat lain sehingga tidak menghasilkan efek terapi yang maksimal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak satupun resep yang secara keseluruhan memenuhi Kriteria Aspek Administrasi, Farmasetis dan klinis, namun terdapat 38 resep dari 53 resep memenuhi aspek Farmasetis, terdapat 15 resep yang tidak memenuhi Kriteria Aspek Administrasi, Farmasetis dan klinis. Kesimpulan bahwa tidak satupun resep memenuhi PMK No.35 tahun 2014.Kata kunci: Resep; Administratif; Farmasetis; Klinis; Obat Anti Diabetes AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by insulin resistance which is characterized by increased blood sugar levels. Diabetes mellitus has a fairly high incidence rate in almost every country. The novelty of this study is due to researching about administrative, pharmaceutic and clinical studies of prescription anti-diabetic drugs in one of the pharmacies. This study aims to determine the suitability of antidiabetic prescription services in pharmacies on aspects of administrative, pharmaceutical and clinical compliance with prescriptions with PMK No. 35 concerning Standards of Pharmaceutical Services in Pharmacies. The novelty of this study examines administrative, pharmaceutical and clinical studies of antidiabetic drug prescriptions. The type of research used is descriptive research method with a cross sectional approach. The data was obtained from prescriptions for the period October – December 2020. Researchers checked in the prescription whether there were drugs that interacted with each other so that they did not produce a maximum therapeutic effect. The results showed that none of the prescriptions met the administrative, pharmaceutical and clinical criteria, but 38 of the 53 prescriptions met the pharmaceutical aspects, there were 15 prescriptions that did not meet the criteria for administrative, pharmaceutical and clinical aspects. The conclusion is that there is no prescription to fulfill PMK No. 35 of 2014.Keywords: Recipe; Administrative; Pharmacy; Clinic; Anti-Diabetes Medicin
ADMINISTRATIVE, PHARMACEUTIC AND CLINICAL STUDY OF ANTIBOTIC DRUG PRESCRIPTIONS FOR THE PERIOD OCTOBER-DECEMBER 2020 AT ONE OF THE IN MEDAN CITY
Full text linkAbstrak Banyaknya kasus kesalahan pengobatan yang terjadi dalam tiap proses pengobatan, baik dalam proses peresepan, pembacaan resep, penyiapan hingga penyerahan obat maupun dalam proses penggunaan obat berakibat pada pelayanan obat yang tidak tepat dan membahayakan pasien dimana hal tersebut semestinya dapat dicegah. Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini meneliti tentang kajian administratif, farmasetis dan klinis resep antibiotik periode oktober – desember 2020 di salah satu apotek di kota medan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melihat apakah ada terdapat kesesuaian kelengkapan administratif, farmasetis dan klinis pada peresepan di salah satu Apotek di Kota Medan yang memenuhi PMK No 73 Tahun 2016. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectiona. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara retrospektif yaitu data yang berasal dari resep antibiotik periode Oktober -desember 2020 di salah satu apotek di Kota Medan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dari 120 resep yang ada di salah satu apotek di kota medan dari aspek kajian administratif dan klinis tersebut 100% yang tidak memenuhi kriteria. Sedangkan dari aspek kajian farmasetis yang tidak memenuhi sebanyak 42 % dari 120 lembar resep , Semua lembar resep memiliki interaksi obat yang merugikan; ketidak tepatan dosis antibiotik; stabilitas sediaan dan kompatibilitas sediaan yang tidak sesuai. Kesimpulanya yaitu sebanyak 100 % aspek administratif dan kajian klinis dari resep antibiotik periode oktober – desember 2020 di salah satu apotek di kota medan yang tidak meemenuhi PMK No .73 Tahun 2016 .Kata kunci: Kajian Administratif, Farmasetis, Klinis, Peresepan, Antibiotik AbstractThe number of cases of medication errors that occur in each treatment process, both in the prescribing process, reading prescriptions, preparation to delivery of drugs as well as in the process of using drugs, results in inappropriate drug services and endangering patients where this should be prevented. The novelty in this study examined administrative, pharmaceutic and clinical studies of antibiotic prescriptions for the period October – December 2020 at one of the pharmacies in medan city.The purpose of this study was to see whether there was a conformity of administrative, pharmaceutical and clinical completeness in prescribing at one of the pharmacies in Medan City that met PMK No. 73 of 2016. This research method used a descriptive research method with a cross sectional approach. Data collection was carried out retrospectively, namely data from antibiotic prescriptions for the period October-December 2020 at one of the pharmacies in Medan City. The results of this study were that of the 120 prescriptions in one of the pharmacies in Medan City, from the administrative and clinical aspects of the study, 100% did not meet the criteria. Meanwhile, from the aspect of the pharmaceutical study that did not meet as many as 42% of the 120 prescription sheets, all prescription sheets had adverse drug interactions; inappropriate dose of antibiotics; the stability of the preparation and the compatibility of the inappropriate preparations. The conclusion is that 100% of the administrative aspects and clinical studies of prescribing antibiotics for the period october - december 2020 in one of the pharmacies in the city of Medan do not comply with PMK No. 73 of 2016.Keywords: Arthritis; Administrative, Pharmaceutic, Clinical, Prescribing, Antibiotic Studie
INFLUENCE OF DRUG COUNSELING ON COMPLIANCE OF PATIENTS WITH DYSLIPIDEMIA
Full text linkMasih rendahnya tingkat kepatuhan dalam meminum obat menyebabkan tingkat kesembuhan pasien rendah. Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengaruh konseling obat terhadap kepatuhan pasien dislipidemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah ada pengaruh dari pemberian konseling obat terhadap kepatuhan pasien dalam meminum obat sebelum dan sesudah diberi konseling obat. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner Morisky MMAS-8 dan dilakukan secara prospektif quasi-eksperimental secara one group pretest-posttest design dan data dianalisis dengan Paired-sample T-test, regresi linier sederhana menggunakan SPSS versi 28. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh konseling obat pada pasien Dislipidemia sebelum dan sesudah diberi konseling obat dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,01 dengan arti bahwa tingkat kepercayaan pada penelitian ini sebesar 99%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini diperlukan peranan farmasi dalam memberikan konseling obat di setiap unit kesehatan.Kata Kunci: Kepatuhan; Pasien dislipidemia; Konseling obat AbstractThe low level of adherence to taking medication causes the patient's recovery rate to be low. This study aims to be low. The novelty in this study is the effect of drug counseling on the adherence of dyslipidemic patients. This study aims to see whether there is an effect of counseling on patient compliance in taking medication before and before being given drug counseling. This study aims to see whether there is an effect of giving drug counseling on treatment adherence in people taking medication before and after being given drug counseling. This research method uses the Morisky MMAS-8 questionnaire and is carried out in a prosective quasi-experimental one group pretest-posttest design, with data analyzed using the Paired Sample T-Test and Simple Linear Regression in SPSS version 28. The results showed that there was an effect of drug counseling on dyslipidemic patients before and after being counseled, with a significance value 0.01, which means that the confidence level in this study is 99%. The conclusion of this study is that the role of pharmacy is needed in providing drug counseling in every health unit.Keywords: Treatment Adherence; Dyslipidemia; Drug Counselin
Antibiotics self-medication practices among students in Universitas Prima Indonesia
No full textThe irrational use of antibiotics can endanger health by causing unwanted drug reactions, side effects, and drug resistance. This study aimed to analyze the patterns of antibiotic self-medication among university students. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Prima Indonesia University in October 2023. A total of 307 randomly selected students from various faculties (health science clumps and non-health science clumps) filled out questionnaires distributed via Google Forms. The collected data are then analyzed descriptively to obtain frequency and percentage data, which are then presented in the form of tables and narratives. The results showed that about 83.39% of respondents had used antibiotics before. Most respondents used antibiotics because they were easily available (43.36%) or because of their previous experience (36.72%). The most common conditions for antibiotic use were cough and cold (47.66%), and infections (23.05%). Most respondents used antibiotics based on doctor ’sor pharmacist’s recommendations (45.31%). The duration of antibiotic use was 1-3 days (61.72%), followed by 4-7 days (31.64%) and more than 7 days (6.64%). Antibiotics were purchased from pharmacies (83.20%). The most common reactions to the overuse of antibiotics were nausea and vomiting (40.23%) and headache (32.81%). Most respondents (53.13%) consulted a doctor or pharmacist if they experienced reactions to antibiotic overuse
Kajian Administratif, Farmasetis dan Klinis Resep obat antihipertensi di salah satu apotek di Kota Medan periode oktober – desember 2020
Full text linkHypertension is a disease in which a person experiences an increase in blood pressure above standard limits, which can increase morbidity (morbidity) and death (mortality). Hypertension, this figure is likely to increase to 29.2% in 2025. This study uses a descriptive research method with a retrospective design, namely research by reviewing information or taking past data. This data was obtained from pharmacies' antihypertensive prescriptions for October–December 2020. Research on this prescription study was conducted on 46 antihypertensive drug prescriptions in October-December 2020 at pharmacies, while in October, there were 14 drug prescriptions, and in November, 16 drug prescriptions. , in December, as many as 16 prescription drugs. They observed the completeness of prescriptions based on administrative, pharmaceutical and clinical prescribing studies. The study of this recipe used parameters in the form of prescription writing guidelines, namely PERMENKES RI No. 73 of 2016, concerning the standard of pharmaceutical services in pharmacies. Many prescriptions were found not following the Regulation of the Minister of Health of Indonesia Number 73 of 2016 concerning the standards of pharmaceutical services in pharmacies. In the administrative study, only four patient prescriptions were obtained that matched the pattern of using antihypertensive drugs. While in the pharmaceutical study, 46 patient prescriptions had met the pattern of using antihypertensive drugs. Furthermore, in clinical studies, eight prescriptions met the pattern of antihypertensive drug use. The average interaction obtained from using antihypertensive drugs at the pharmacy is minor.Tekanan darah tinggi atau hipertensi, adalah kondisi medis yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi kesehatan yang serius dan bahkan kematian jika tidak diobati (kematian). Hipertensi, diperkirakan pada tahun 2025 akan meningkat menjadi sekitar 29,2% penduduk akan mengidapnya. Pendekatan deskriptif diambil dalam hubungannya dengan desain penelitian retrospektif untuk mengumpulkan data untuk penelitian ini. Data ini diperoleh dari resep antihipertensi periode Oktober–Desember 2020 di Apotek Penelitian tentang kajian resep ini dilakukan terhadap 46 lembar resep obat antihipertensi pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2020 di Apotek, adapun pada bulan Oktober sebanyak 14 resep obat, pada bulan November sebanyak 16 resep obat, pada bulan Desember sebanyak 16 resep obat. Dengan mengamati kelengkapan resep, berdasarkan kajian administratif, farmasetis dan klinik resep obat. Pada pengkajian resep ini digunakan parameter berupa pedoman penulisan resep yaitu PERMENKES RI No. 73 tahun 2016 tentang standar pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek.banyak ditemukan resep yang belum sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Indonesia Nomor 73 tahun 2016 Tentang standar pelayanan kefarmasian di Apotek. Pada kajian administratif, hanya diperoleh sebanyak 4 resep pasien yang sudah sesuai pola penggunaan obat anti hipertensi. sedangkan dikajian farmasetis, ada 46 resep pasien yang sudah memenuhi pola penggunaan obat antihipertensi. dan pada kajian klinis, terdapat 8 resep yang memenuhi pola penggunaan obat antihipertensi. Rata-rata interaksi yang didapatkan dari hasil penggunaan obat anti hipertensi di Apotek tersebut yaitu itu interaksi secara minor
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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