1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Assessment of cytotoxic and genotoxic activities of complex mixtures of bisphenol A and itsanalogues in in vitro hepatic 3D cell model
No full textBisfenoli (BP-ji) so skupina sintetičnih spojin, ki se uporabljajo kot surovina za industrijsko proizvodnjo polimerov, zlasti epoksidnih smol in polikarbonatne plastike. So vsestransko industrijsko aplikativni in so prisotni v številnih vsakdanjih izdelkih. Z razmahom uporabe BP-jev so se pojavile skrbi o njegovem vplivu na zdravje ljudi. Številne raziskave, ki govorijo o neželenih učinkih BPA, so privedle do zakonodajnih regulativ o uporabi BPA, naraščajoče regulativne omejitve pa so privedle do naglega razvoja analogov BPA. Toksikološki profil analogov BPA ni popolnoma raziskan, še manj pa je znanega o delovanju kompleksnih mešanic analogov. V toksikologiji lahko kombinirani učinki povzročajo za zdravje ljudi neželene posledice, zato je preučevanje kemijskih mešanic pomembno z vidika varovanja zdravja. Zaradi vedno večje uporabe analogov BPA ter njihove naraščajoče prisotnosti v izdelkih in okolju, smo v magistrskem delu preučevali vpliv BPA, njegovih analogov Bisfenola AP (BPAP) in Bisfenola C (BPC) ter binarnih mešanic BPA z BPAP ter BPA z BPC na rast, obliko in velikost površine 3D celičnih modelov ali t.i. sferoidov, ki smo jih razvili iz celic človeškega hepatocelularnega karcinoma (HepG2). Ugotavljali smo njihovo citotoksično in genotoksično aktivnost ter vpliv na nastanek oksidativnega stresa. Testiranja smo opravili po kratkotrajni (24 ur) in dolgotrajni (96 ur) izpostavitvi. Ugotovili smo, da izbrani BP-ji in njihove mešanice niso povzročili sprememb v rasti, obliki in velikosti površine sferoidov. S testoma MTS in ATP smo ugotovili, da noben izmed testiranih BP-jev in njihovih mešanic ne vpliva na živost celic v sferoidu po 24 in 96 urah izpostavitvi, z izjemo BPAP pri koncentraciji 20 μM po 24 urah, kjer smo zaznali zmanjšano živost celic. Z merjenjem nastanka malondialdehida (MDA) in merjenjem nastanka reaktivnih kisikovih zvrsti (ROS) smo ovrednotili vpliv BP-jev in njihovih mešanic na nastanek oksidativnega stresa ter ugotovili, da vsi testirani BP-ji in mešanice povzročijo nastanek ROS, na dolgotrajen oksidativni stres pa ima največji vpliv BPAP. S testom komet smo ugotovili, da po kratkotrajni izpostavitvi vsi BP-ji in njihove mešanice povzročajo eno-verižne prelome DNA, kar smo potrdili tudi pri dolgotrajni izpostavitvi, z izjemo mešanice BPA + BPC, ki ni delovala genotoksično. Največji genotoksični potencial ima BPC, ki je povzročil prelome pri ⡥ 10 μM (24 ur) in 1 μM (96 ur). Na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov smo ugotovili, da mešanica BPA + BPAP po 96 urah deluje genotoksično s sinergističnim učinkom. S pridobljenimi rezultati smo doprinesli novo znanje k manjkajočim podatkom o toksičnosti analogov BPA in njihovih kompleksnih mešanicah, vendar je zaradi naraščajoče proizvodnje in prisotnosti BP-jev potrebno raziskave nadaljevati.Bisphenols (BPs) are a group of synthetic compounds used in the industrial production of polymers, particularly epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics. They have versatile industrial applications and are present in numerous everyday products. Concerns about their impact on health have arisen with the widespread use of BPs. Numerous studies highlighting the adverse effects of Bisphenol A (BPA) have led to legislative regulations on its use, and increasing regulatory restrictions have resulted in the rapid development of BPA analogues. The toxicological profile of BPA analogues is not fully understood, and even less is known about the effects of complex mixtures of analogues. In toxicology, combined effects can have unwanted consequences for human health, making the study of chemical mixtures important for health protection. Due to the increasing use of BPA analogues and their growing presence in products and the environment, our master\u27s thesis examined the influence of BPA, its analogues BPAP and BPC, and binary mixtures of BPA with BPAP and BPA with BPC on the growth, shape, and surface area of 3D cell models, developed from human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. We investigated their cytotoxic and genotoxic activities, as well as their impact on oxidative stress induction. The tests were conducted after short-term (24 hours) and long-term (96 hours) exposure. We found that the selected BPs and their mixtures did not cause any changes in the growth, shape, and surface area of the spheroids. Using the MTS and ATP tests, we determined that none of the tested BPs and their mixtures affected cell viability in the spheroids after 24 and 96 hours of exposure, except for BPAP at a concentration of 20 μM after 24 hours, where we observed reduced cell viability. By measuring the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), we evaluated the impact of BPs and their mixtures on oxidative stress. We found that all tested BPs and mixtures induced the formation of ROS, with BPAP having the greatest impact on long-therm oxidative stress. Using the comet assay, we discovered that all BPs and their mixtures caused DNA single-strand breaks after short-term exposure, which was confirmed even after long-term exposure, except for the BPA + BPC mixture, which did not exhibit genotoxic effects. BPC showed the highest genotoxic potential, causing DNA breaks at concentrations of ⡥ 10 μM (24 hours) and 1 μM (96 hours). Based on the obtained results, we concluded that the BPA + BPAP mixture exhibited a synergistic genotoxic effect after 96 hours. Our findings contribute new knowledge to the missing data on the toxicity of BPA analogues and their complex mixtures, but further research is necessary due to the increasing production and presence of BPs
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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