8 research outputs found
Influence of substrate heating and annealing on the properties and photoresponse of manganese doped zinc oxide thin films
No full textNeuromuscular blocking agent cisatracurium attenuates lung injury by inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine Receptor-α1
No full textBackground: Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) bind the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α1 (nAChRα1) that also contributes to inflammatory signaling. Thus, the author hypothesized that the use of NMBA mitigates lung injury by improving ventilator synchrony and decreasing inflammatory responses. Methods: Lung injury was induced by intratracheal instillation of hydrogen chloride in rats that were randomized to receive no NMBA with evidence of asynchronous ventilation (noNMBA/aSYNC, n = 10); no NMBA with synchronous ventilation (noNMBA/SYNC, n = 10); cisatracurium (CIS, n = 10); or pancuronium (PAN, n = 10). Mechanical ventilation was set at a tidal volume of 6 ml/kg and positive end-expiratory pressure 8 cm H2O for 3 h. Human lung epithelial, endothelial, and CD14+ cells were challenged with mechanical stretch, lipopolysaccharide, lung lavage fluids (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid), or plasma obtained from patients (n = 5) with acute respiratory distress syndrome, in the presence or absence of CIS or small-interfering RNA and small hairpin RNA to attenuate the cell expression of nAChRα1. Results: The use of CIS and PAN improved respiratory compliance (7.2 ± 0.7 in noNMBA/aSYNC, 6.6 ± 0.5 in noNMBA/SYNC, 5.9 ± 0.3 in CIS, and 5.8 ± 0.4 cm H2O/l in PAN; P < 0.05), increased Pao2 (140 ± 54, 209 ± 46, 269 ± 31, and 269 ± 54 mmHg, respectively, P < 0.05), and decreased the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (509 ± 252 in noNMBA, 200 ± 74 in CIS, and 175 ± 84 pg/ml in PAN; P < 0.05) and interleukin-6 (5789 ± 79, 1608 ± 534, and 2290 ± 315 pg/ml, respectively; P < 0.05). The use of CIS and PAN or silencing the receptor nAChRα1 resulted in decreased cytokine release in the human cells in response to a variety of stimuli mentioned earlier. Conclusions: The use of NMBA is lung protective through its antiinflammatory properties by blocking the nAChRα1. © 2015, the American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc
ASO Author Reflections: Outcomes of Hepatic Artery-Based Therapies and Systemic Multiagent Chemotherapy in Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
No full textNot Available
No full textNot AvailableBackground: Seafood analogue is a ready to make value added product prepared out of surimi. Thermal processing of restructured
products in retort pouches such as fish ball in curry medium, surimi stew in white tripod, boneless rohu balls in curry. Also no work had
done on thermal processing of shrimp analogue products in retort pouches. The main objective of this work was to develop the
analogue shrimp product from lizard fish and to compare the heat penetration attributes of analogue shrimp curry and masala using
retort pouches and different sterilization methods such as steam / air over pressure retort and water immersion retort.
Methods: Analogue shrimp products were prepared and thermally processed in retortable pouches. About 125 g of shrimp analogue
product and 100g of curry (masala) were filled in retort pouches of size, 150 x 200 mm. Air inside the pouch was exhausted by steam
injection followed by heat sealing and processing at 121.1 degree celcius in a retort by steam/air over pressure retort and water immersion retort.
The difference in the heat penetration characteristics of analogue shrimp products processed in retort by steam/air over pressure
retort and water immersion retort were studied.
Result: The results showed that minimum heating lag factor and minimum come up time led to faster heating rate which decreased
total process time in imitated shrimp curry by steam/ air retort. At the same time the cook value was low in curry medium processed
by steam air retort. So finally conclude that imitated shrimp curry processed by steam air retort was good.Not Availabl
Not Available
No full textNot AvailableAn attempt was made to explore the possibilities of better utilization of Lizard fish (Saurida tumbil) for the development of valuable imitation shrimp products. Minced meat, surimi and imitation shrimp products were prepared from Lizard fish. The aluminum and polylactic acid shrimp moulds were developed and to produce the imitation shrimp products. In the present study, the imitated shrimp products was observed for the wholesomeness.Not Availabl
Design of activation based detection scheme for pulsed gamma ray emission from intense laser plasmas
No full textHigh intensity lasers (\textgreater1019 W/cm2) produce relativistic electrons when they interact with matter. The high energy electrons upon incidence on a solid target produce secondary emissions like protons, neutrons, positrons, x-ray emission and γ-rays1. Gamma rays produce from this interaction can be used to induce photoneutron reaction in a material, thereby producing short-lived isotopes or isomers2. The isotopes or isomers produced can be used for diagnosing the radiation flux and directionality3. Materials with short half-lives (in μs to ms time scale) are of interest as a diagnostic for shot to shot measurement of parameters in high repetition lasers (10 Hz), since they decay well before the incidence of the subsequent pulse on the material. For understanding the working of this diagnostic, systematic studies of decay of the isotopes/isomers produced and the attenuation of γ-rays in the material are necessary. The design and efficiency of a diagnostic for characterizing γ-rays using the method of nuclear activation for 10 Hz high repetition laser is presented. © 2021 Author(s)
Adherent Intrapericardial Teratoma: A Case Report
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Investigation and modelling of rubber friction
No full textPhDThe friction between a rubber surface in contact with a rigid surface is still not fully
understood. Unlike other materials, friction behaviour in rubber is significantly
dependent upon a variety of parameters due to its viscoelastic nature. The aim of this
work is to understand frictional phenomena occurring on different length scales of
intrest.
In the first part of this work the influence of an entirely geometric factor on friction is
confirmed by FEA and is validated by experiments for the first time. Under certain
conditions, it can increase the frictional force significantly above that expected from a
consideration of the interfacial coefficient of friction alone. This term is thought likely
to make a considerable contribution to frictional sliding applications such as a tyre on a
road surface.
In the second part of this work an instability, observed at the rubber surface during
sliding, is investigated. Despite experimental research in the past, virtually no
information has been published on the modelling of the so-called Schallamach waves
using FEA techniques. This work models successive Schallamach waves, giving the
opportunity to investigate the transition of individual waves throughout the area of
contact, for the first time. The use of FEA allows for a detailed stress and strain analysis
at the interface and thus gives new insights into the onset of buckling instabilities.
So far, Schallamach waves have only been observed experimentally for optically
smooth rubber surfaces, however, during this work, surface waves have been also
noticed for rough rubber surfaces. Furthermore, the examination of the frequency
dependence of Schallamach waves allows for the consideration of a relationship to
stick-slip behaviour.
The third part of this work investigates the influence of the rubber surface topography
as well as the rigid slider geometry on rubber friction under a wide range of
experimental conditions. It was noted that subtle changes of surface finish significantly
change the resulting frictional force. The knowledge gained from this can help in the
design and understanding of more complex frictional interfaces
