1,720,980 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Notice: Aircraft Lien Law in Florida
Get PDFEstablishing (e.g., perfecting) and enforcing a lien presents technical pitfalls and practical problems with which practitioners and courts are often unfamiliar or uncomfortable. After all, the law of liens requires an understanding of many different areas of the law, including the law of contract, bailment, unjust enrichment, and customary law. But among the most fraught with uncertainty are mechanic’s liens, which establish a right in favor of persons—“artisans”—performing or furnishing labor, services, fuel, or material upon personal property. Florida’s mechanic’s lien statute raises particularly challenging legal issues as applied to aircraft. In Florida, the perfection and enforcement of a mechanic’s lien as against an aircraft is rarely plain or intuitive. To get from lien perfection to lien foreclosure, aviation and commercial law practitioners must travel from Florida’s general mechanic’s lien statute through a mosaic of other state statutes, including a standalone chapter related to aviation. Along the way, equitable considerations, like the need for injunctive relief and the law of replevin and tort (e.g., conversion), likely come into play. Finally, lienors must satisfy an exacting federal statutory recording scheme and navigate a corresponding body of decisional law that raises thorny issues of federalism, priority, and preemption.The final tally: Perfection and enforcement of a mechanic’s lien in Florida requires the command of a minimum of four different Florida statutory chapters that rarely (and rarely clearly) cross-reference each other, several federal statutes that frequently have no obvious relationship to state lien law, and scattered decisional law rendered at every level of the judiciary. This is to say nothing of the international law regime governing the registration of airplanes and airplane parts or the likelihood that an aircraft may already be encumbered by the lien or priority mechanisms of another state or states. But the most problematic aspect of Florida’s statutory regime for mechanic’s liens, which is at the center of this Article, is the role possession plays in perfecting aircraft liens. Possession typically plays a decisive role in the area of lien law, animating the common law tenet that “possession is nine points of the law.” For more than a decade, however, Florida statutory law has presented an internally conflicted path toward lien perfection by also providing that possession is unnecessary. That is, under Florida law, a valid lien also could be created simply by recording a claim of lien. Recently, however, the Florida Legislature amended chapter 329, Florida Statutes, to clarify that possession is not required for lien perfection purposes; notice alone now suffices.This Article discusses the possession versus notice problem inherent in the state’s statutory scheme and then analyzes the recent change to the law. In doing so, this Article evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of Florida’s “new” mechanism for the perfection and enforcement of mechanic’s lien on aircraft, and argues in favor a statutory scheme that once and for all takes aircraft outside of Florida’s general mechanic’s lien statute, situating the subject of aircraft liens in a legal scheme that comprehensively provides for the perfection and enforcement of aircraft-specific artisan liens. Finally, this Article provides a comprehensive empirical review of the mechanic’s lien laws of every state in order to broadly contextualize how legislatures and courts around the nation approach the issue of perfection and notice for lien perfection purposes. In all, this Article’s relevance is greatest for aviation practitioners and courts adjudicating aviation liens in Florida and elsewhere, but it may also hold interest for a wider audience seeking to achieve efficiencies in the interpretation and application of commercial and secured transactions concerning personal property and mobile assets in analogous situations
On-Demand Aviation: Governance Challenges of Urban Air Mobility ( UAM )
No full textThe first generation that has never known a world without smartphones and social media may be close to making the world forget about traditional cars. Investment is pouring into urban air mobility (“UAM”)—the local, on-demand movement of people and goods by air using a range of piloted and semi- and fully autonomous electric aircraft that take off and land vertically. In fact, the innovation of aerial ridesharing at scale—a technology that is still very much associated with the 1960s cartoon series “The Jetsons”—may be at market as soon as 2025, according to some estimates.
UAM—which is also referred to as on-demand mobility (“ODM”)—will revolutionize urban transportation and personal mobility and impact matters from airspace management and property rights to environmental matters and safety in unknown ways. For example, UAM will compete, supplement, and/or exist alongside traditional air and ground traffic operations, while in other cases, traditional transportation nodes such as airports might be intertwined and become a functional element of UAM systems themselves. To say that airports and the communities surrounding airports need to understand and anticipate the effects and opportunities of the UAM market is an understatement.
This article addresses the emerging UAM market, including the relevant technologies from a legal and regulatory perspective. In conceptualizing a new world in which UAM is real, this article will explore the various stages of legal, regulatory, and technological development of UAM. It will also address practical questions such as how UAM and traditional transportation aviation operations might coexist in shared airspace and if and how communities will respond to environmental concerns such as UAM-generated noise. In all, this article presents the substance and scope of UAM governance as presently configured, and where gaps exist (and many do), explores the regulatory and socio-technological challenges posed by advances in autonomous-, self-, and optionally-piloted aircraft systems
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