1,720,981 research outputs found
Digital Metamorphosis Competencies as a Human-Centric Approach to Digital Transformation: An Instrumental Collective Case Research
No full textLo smart working nelle pubbliche amministrazioni: un’analisi socio-tecnica del fenomeno
Full text link3D printing objects as knowledge artifacts for a do-it-yourself approach in clinical practice: A questionnaire-based user study in the orthopaedics domain
No full textPurpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the phenomenon of the digital do-it-yourself (DiDIY) in the medical domain. In particular, the main contribution of the paper is the analysis and discussion of a questionnaire-based user study focused on 3D printing (3DP) technology, which was conducted among clinicians of one of the most important research hospital group in Lombardy, Italy. Design/methodology/approach: A general reflection on the notion of knowledge artifacts (KAs) and on the use of 3DP in medicine is followed by the research questions and by a more detailed analysis of the specialist literature on the usage of 3DP technology for diagnostic, training and surgical planning activities for clinicians and patients. The questionnaire-based user study design is then emerging from the conceptual framework for DiDIY in healthcare. To help focus on the main actors and assets composing the 3DP innovation roles in healthcare, the authors model: the DiDIY-er as the main initiator of the practice innovation; the available technology allowing the envisioning of new practices; the specific activities gaining benefits from the innovative techniques introduced; and the knowledge community continuously supporting and evolving knowledge practices. Findings: The authors discuss the results of the user study in the light of the four main components of our DiDIY framework and on the notion of KA. There are differences between high expertise, or senior, medical doctors (MDs) and relatively lower expertise MDs, or younger MDs, regarding the willing to acquire 3DP competences; those who have seen other colleagues using 3DP are significantly more in favor of 3DP adoption in medical practices, and those who wish to acquire 3DP competence and do-by-themselves are significantly more interested in the making of custom-made patient-specific tools, such as cutting guides and templates; there are many recurrent themes regarding how 3DP usage and application may improve medical practice. In each of the free-text questions, there were comments regarding the impact of 3DP on medical knowledge practices, such as surgical rehearsal, surgery, pathology comprehension, patient-physician communication and teaching. Originality/value: The 3DP adoption in healthcare is seen favorably and advocated by most of the respondents. In this domain, 3DP objects can be considered KAs legitimately. They can support knowledgeable practices, promote knowledge sharing and circulation in the healthcare community, as well as contribute to their improvement by the introduction of a new DiDIY mindset in the everyday work of MDs
More time for the doing, having made the thinking 3D printing for knowledge circulation in healthcare
No full textThis paper investigates the phenomenon of the Digital Do-It-Yourself (Di-DIY) in the medical domain. In particular, the main contribution of the paper is a conceptual framework based on the notion of DiDIY in healthcare. To help focus on the main actors and assets composing the 3D printing innovation roles in healthcare we model: the DiDIY-er as the main initiator of the practice innovation; the available technology allowing the envisioning of new practices; the specific activities gaining benefits from the innovative techniques introduced; and the knowledge community continuously supporting and evolving knowledge practices. A general introduction on the notion of Knowledge Artifacts (KAs) and on the use of 3D printing (3DP) in medicine will be followed by our research questions and by a more detailed analysis of diagnostic, training and surgical planning activities for clinicians and patients. Observations carried out in a hospital in Italy are reported to exemplify activities based on 3DP bone models in the radiological and orthopaedic fields. These observations can be considered a second contribution of the paper, although secondary with respect to the conceptual framework. They also help proof how knowledge sharing and circulation in the community of healthcare professionals may be improved by the introduction of tangible and intangible KAs around the practice of DiDIY. Our framework is then presented in the end
Is making the new knowing? Tangible and intangible knowledge artifacts in DiDIY
Full text linkDigital Do-It-Yourself (“DiDIY” for short) stands at the intersection of maker and hacker cultures, nourished in their turn by the DIY (Do-it-yourself) practices. In this paper, we briefly introduce these historical phenomena, which flow in the stream of subculture to the present days. We outline DiDIY as a complex mingling, involving social, cultural, technological, economic and psychological dimensions. A new alphabet of knowledge, the “Atoms-Bits Convergence” (ABC) is then introduced to emphasize that what is happening with the diffusion of the new technologies of digital fabrication may reshape our work and society. Finally, we survey the research literature and the Web to systematically assess more than fifty information systems for knowledge sharing in the DiDIY world. This path un-veils how a central element of this phenomenon is the concept of Knowledge Artifact (KA), in that DiDIY increasingly entails the availability and familiarity with networked digital information infrastructures, and the interest or need of DiDIYers to use, share, and evolve the knowledge within their communities towards these socio-technical systems. As makers and DiDIY projects simply are not given but within a knowledge community, we argue that these KAs may have impact on shaping new KAs, improving knowledge circulation and innovating social and organizational practices.5-10 June 201
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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