1,721,013 research outputs found
The TCL1 function revisited focusing on metabolic requirements of stemness
No full textThe oncogenic ability of the T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 1 gene, TCL1, has captured the attention in the field of prolymphocytic T-cell and B-cell chronic leukemias for more than two decades. However, the finding that TCL1 is also expressed in totipotent cells of the mouse preimplantation embryos and that it is among the 10 genes, including the transcription factors Nanog, Oct4, Sox2, Tbx3, and Esrrb, that are required for maintaining the mitotic self-renewal state of embryonic stem cells, raises a great interest. In this review, we highlight newly acquired evidence pinpointing TCL1 as a crucial regulator of metabolic pathways that dictate somatic cell reprogramming toward pluripotency. In our opinion, this feature provides a relevant hint for reframing the role that this factor plays at early stages of mammalian embryo development and in tumorigenesis. Hence, the TCL1-dependent enhancement of serine/threonine AKT/PKB kinase activity favoring cell proliferation appears to be associated to the promotion of glucose transport and activation of glycolytic pathways. This is also consistent with the TCL1 ability to suppress mitochondrial biogenesis and oxygen consumption, downplaying the contribution of oxidative phosphorylation to energy metabolism. It thus appears that TCL1 masters the direction of energy metabolism toward the glycolytic pathway to meet a critical metabolic requirement that goes beyond the mere ATP production. For instance, the synthesis of glycolytic intermediates that are required for DNA synthesis likely represents the most pressing cellular need for both cleavage-stage embryos and rapidly proliferating tumor cells
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Closed reduction and cast immobilization of overriding distal forearm fractures under nitrous oxide as conscious sedation without the use of imaging control
No full textPurpose: The management of overriding distal forearm fractures is still controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of immediate closed reduction and cast immobilization (CRCI) at the emergency department (ED) using equimolar nitrous oxide (eN2O2) as conscious sedation, and without the use fluoroscopic assistance. Methods: Sixty patients with overriding distal forearm fracture were included in the study. All procedures were performed in the ED without fluoroscopic assistance. Antero-posterior and lateral wrist radiographs were taken after CRCI. Follow-up radiographs were taken 7 and 15 days post-reduction, and at cast removal to evaluate callus formation. Depending on the radiological outcome, two groups of patients could be identified: Group 1 (satisfactory reduction and maintenance of alignment) and Group 2 (poor reduction or secondary displacement requiring further manipulation and surgical fixation). Group 2 was additionally divided into Group 2A (poor reduction) and Group 2B (secondary displacement). Pain was assessed using Numeric Pain Intensity (NPI) score, while functional outcome was measured according to Quick DASH questionnaire. Results: Mean age at the time of injury was 9.2 ± 2.4 years (range, 5–14). Twenty-three (38%) patients were aged between 4 and 9 years old, 20 (33%) patients between 9 and 11, 11 (18%) patients between 11 and 13, and 6 (10%) patients between 13 and 14. The mean follow-up time was 45.6 ± 12 months (range, 24–63). Satisfactory reduction with maintenance of alignment was achieved in 30 (50%) patients (Group 1). Re-reduction was performed in the remaining 30 (50%) patients (Group 2) due to poor reduction (Group 2A) or secondary displacement (Group 2B). No complications related to the administration of eN2O were recorded. No statistically significant difference could be identified between the three groups for any clinical variable (Quick DASH and NPI). Conclusion: Overriding distal forearm fractures may be safely treated with CRCI at ED using eN2O2 as conscious sedation. However, fluoroscopic assistance during CRCI might significantly improve the quality of reduction thus avoiding further treatment as the lack of relaxed muscle can restrain reduction
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Materiali industriali per la pittura dell'Ottocento
No full textIl contributo indaga la ricerca, produzione e commercializzazione di nuovi prodotti che hanno reso possibile e stimolato nuove ricerche artistiche e espressive. In particolare, vengono esaminate le innovazioni e i brevetti che hanno portato al colore in tubetto, nonché i diversi prodotti (pennelli, spatole, tele prepreparate, cassette ecc) offerti nei cataloghi commerciali della azienda londinese Winsor & Newton
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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