1,720,992 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Prevalence of second victims, risk factors and support strategies among young German physicians in internal medicine (SeViD-I survey)
Full text linkBackground: Second victims, defined as healthcare team members being traumatised by an unanticipated clinical event or outcome, are frequent in healthcare. Evidence of this phenomenon in Germany, however, is sparse. Recently, we reported the first construction and validation of a German questionnaire. This study aimed to understand this phenomenon better in a sample of young (<= 35 years) German physicians.
Methods: The electronic questionnaire (SeViD-I survey) was administered for 6 weeks to a sample of young physicians in training for internal medicine or a subspecialty. All physicians were members of the German Society of Internal Medicine. The questionnaire had three domains - general experience, symptoms, and support strategies - comprising 46 items. Binary logistic regression models were applied to study the influence of various independent factors on the risk of becoming a second victim, the magnitude of symptoms and the time to self-perceived recovery.
Results: The response rate was 18% (555/3047). 65% of the participants were female, the mean age was 32 years. 59% experienced second victim incidents in their career so far and 35% during the past 12 months. Events with patient harm and unexpected patient deaths or suicides were the most frequent key incidents. 12% of the participants reported that their self-perceived time to full recovery was more than 1 year or have never recovered. Being female was a risk factor for being a second victim (odds ratio (OR) 2.5) and experiencing a high symptom load (OR 2). Working in acute care was promoting a shorter duration to self-perceived recovery (OR 0.5). Support measures with an exceptionally high approval among second victims were the possibility to discuss emotional and ethical issues, prompt debriefing/crisis intervention after the incident and a safe opportunity to contribute insights to prevent similar events in the future.
Conclusion: The second victim phenomenon is frequent among young German physicians in internal medicine. In general, these traumatic events have a potentially high impact on physician health and the care they deliver. A better understanding of second victim traumatisations in Germany and broad implementation of effective support programs are warranted
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Arbeits- und Weiterbildungsbedingungen deutscher Assistenzärztinnen und -ärzte in internistischer Weiterbildung: eine zweite bundesweite Befragung durch die Nachwuchsgruppen von DGIM und BDI
No full textZusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Zeit der ärztlichen Weiterbildung ist der Grundstein für die Karriereentwicklung junger Internisten und für die Aufrechthaltung einer hochwertigen ärztlichen Versorgung. Bereits 2014 haben die Nachwuchsgruppen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Innere Medizin (DGIM) und des Berufsverbandes Deutscher Internisten (BDI) eine Befragung ihrer jungen Mitglieder durchgeführt und wesentliche Konfliktfelder beschrieben. Mit dieser überarbeiteten Folgeuntersuchung soll ein aktualisiertes Abbild der Konflikte im Arbeitsleben junger Ärzte erstellt und eine Verlaufsbeurteilung ermöglicht werden. Ein neuer Schwerpunkt ist das Spannungsfeld von Beruf und Familie.
Methoden Ende 2016 wurde eine webbasierte Befragung aller bei DGIM und BDI organisierten Weiterbildungsassistenten durchgeführt. Dafür wurde der Fragebogen von 2014 modifiziert und um Items zur Untersuchung des Spannungsfeldes von Familie und Beruf ergänzt. Zusätzlich wurde erneut das Modell beruflicher Gratifikationskrisen eingesetzt.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt konnten 1587 Fragebögen ausgewertet werden. Im Vergleich zu 2014 ergeben sich keine wesentlichen Änderungen. Die psychosoziale Arbeitsbelastung unter den Teilnehmern ist weiterhin sehr hoch. Ein strukturiertes Weiterbildungscurriculum und qualitativ hochwertige Weiterbildungsgespräche sind mit einer geringeren Ausprägung psychosozialer Arbeitsbelastung und einer höheren Zufriedenheit im Beruf assoziiert. Die Vereinbarkeit von Beruf und Familie wird von der Mehrheit der Teilnehmer mit Kind(ern) als unzureichend empfunden. Das betrifft insbesondere Frauen.
Schlussfolgerung Auf Basis dieser Befragung bestehen weiterhin gravierende und System-relevante Belastungen im Arbeitsleben junger Ärzte in internistischer Weiterbildung, die Anpassungen der Arbeits- und Weiterbildungsbedingungen dringlich erfordern. Insbesondere das Potenzial von Frauen in der Medizin muss über eine bessere Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf in Zukunft stärker genutzt werden.</jats:p
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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