1,720,983 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Optimal Control of Water Systems Under Forecast Uncertainty: Robust, Proactive, and Integrated
No full textWater systems consist of natural and man-made objects serving multiple essential purposes. They are affected by many types of meteorological disturbances. In order to deal with these disturbances and to serve the desired objectives, infrastructures have been built and managed by societies for specific purposes. Given a water system, and its purposes, the control of the existing infrastructures is the subject of operational water management. The system controller, either a natural person or a mathematical algorithm, takes his recursive decisions observing the state of the system and trying to bring it to the desired condition. Model Predictive Control (MPC) is an advanced method for the control of complex dynamic systems. When applied to water systems operation, MPC provides integrated and optimal management. If disturbance forecasts are available, this information can be integrated in the control policy and water management becomes proactive. Before the realization of the disturbance, the MPC controller sets the system to a state which is optimal to accommodate the expected disturbance. A typical example is lowering the water level of a reservoir before an expected storm event in order to avoid floods. In proactive control of open water systems, the main uncertainty is generally related to the difficulty of producing good forecasts. Weather and hydrological processes are difficult to predict, and meteorological or rainfall-runoff models can be wrong. Especially when using only one deterministic estimate, the control is more vulnerable to forecast uncertainty, running the risk of taking action against a predicted event that will not occur. The research question of this thesis is: How to use existing forecasting methods in optimal control schemes, thereby enhancing robustness in the face of forecasting uncertainty? In open water systems, such as rivers, canals, or reservoirs, the available forecast is generally the natural inflow, which is the output of a deterministic rainfall-runoff model. The model produces a point estimate, which is the expected value of the variable of interest. Nevertheless, the nonlinearity of the control problem requires the forecast of the entire probability distribution. When residuals are assumed independent, identically distributed, zero-mean, and Gaussian, then the variance is the only extra parameter required to build up the entire distribution, and its value can be estimated from the data. However, residuals of rainfall-runoff models are in fact heteroscedastic (i.e. the variance changes in time) and autocorrelated. In Chapter 2 it is shown how to deal with both deficiencies. Dynamic modelling of predictive uncertainty is built up by regression on absolute residuals, and applied to two test cases: the Rhone River, in Switzerland, and Lake Maggiore, at the border between Italy and Switzerland. When the information on the catchment state does not offer sufficient anticipation, for example because the catchment dynamics are fast compared to the controlled system, it is necessary to include weather forecasts. Meteorological agencies produce not only a deterministic trajectory of the future state of the weather system, but a set of them, called ensemble, to communicate the forecast uncertainty. The algorithm presented in Chapter 3, called Tree-Based Model Predictive Control (TB-MPC), exploits the information contained in the ensemble, setting up a Multistage Stochastic Programming (MSP) problem within the MPC framework. MSP is a stochastic optimization scheme that takes into account not only the present uncertainty, but its resolution in time as well. Going on in time along the control horizon, information will enter the system. Consequently, uncertainty will be reduced, and the control strategy after uncertainty reduction will change according to the occurring ensemble member. The key idea of TB-MPC is producing a tree topology from the ensemble data and using this tree in the following MSP optimization. A tree specifies in fact the moments when uncertainties are resolved. Generating a tree from ensemble data is both difficult and of critical importance. It has been considered an open problem until now, especially regarding the tree branching structure, which also strongly affects control performance. Chapter 4 shows a new methodology that produces a tree topology from ensemble data. The proposed method models the information flow to the controller. This implies the explicit definition of the available observations and their degree of uncertainty. Chapter 5 summarizes the contribution of my PhD and the research directions that, in my opinion, deserve more investigation.Water ManagementCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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