1,721,290 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A real or a fictive problem: immigrants in Denmark
No full textProblems relating to immigration and immigrants have become of increasing political and public interest within Denmark in recent years. In an international perspective the number of immigrants as well as the problems associated are small and insignificant, and the actual knowledge and research in immigrant problems is limited. However immigrants or foreigners are «hot» political «stuff» and the lack of actual knowledge is unscrupulously «used». The present article attempts to gather some factual information on immigrants in Denmark. Furthermore it attempts to show how housing policy deliberately as well as accidentally influences immigrant location and thus the public perception of the «problem».Les problèmes liés à l'immigration et aux immigrés intéressent de plus en plus la politique et le grand public au Danemark. Sur le plan international, tant le nombre d'immigrés que les problèmes qui leur sont associés sont faibles et insignifiants. La connaissance et la recherche sur les problèmes immigrés sont tout aussi limitées. Cependant les immigrés ou les étrangers forment un sujet politique chaud et le manque de connaissance est exploité sans scrupules. Cet article rassemble une série de faits à propos de l'immigration au Danemark. Il montre aussi comment la politique du logement influence la localisation des immigrés, tant intentionnellement qu'accidentellement, ce qui contribue à la perception publique du « problème ».Andersen Hans Thor, Engelstoft Sten, Rasmussen Sten Valling. A real or a fictive problem: immigrants in Denmark . In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1990-2. Les communautés étrangères en Europe - Foreign Communities in Europe. pp. 279-290
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Ultrasonography of the lateral ligament in ankle sprains
No full textUltralydes undersøgelse af de lateral ligamenter ved ankel forstuvninger Baggrund: Det akutte laterale ankel forstuvning udgør 85% af alle forstuvninger. Den laterale forstuvning er også set med andre ligament skader, såsom medial og syndesmosis forstuvninger. Omkring 20% af det akutte laterale forstuvning udvikler kronisk lateral ankel ustabilitet. Definitionen på kroniske ankel ustabilitet er vedvarende smerter, gentagne gange ankel forstuvninger og følelsen af fodsvigt. Formålet med denne studie var, ved at bruge ultralyden til at evaluere og karakteriser en ledbåndsskade i anklen med det henblik på at beskrive og sammenligne den skade som patienten rapporteret spørgeskemaer resultat.Materialer og metoder: studiet er tværsnitsundersøgelse og startet fra 15. 11.- 26. 11.2015. Det er inkluderet 26 patienter (18-40 år) fra besøgt skadestuen, som er diagnosticeret ankel forstuvning med følgende diagnosekode (DS934). Patienterne blev kontaktede pr. Telefon og hermed blev inviteret til en klinisk og en dynamisk ultralydsundersundersøgelse af det skadet ledbånd inden for 15 dage efter den aktuelle forstuvningen. Med en høj frekvens ultralydsscanning den akutte laterale ledbåndsskade (ATFL, CFL), syndesmosis (AiTFL) skade) og medial forstuvning (DPT, TCT) kun hos deltagere med den positive kliniske tegn på mediale skade.( dvs. rødme, hævelse, misfarvning og klinisk smerter ved palpation af det medial side af anklen) Derefter fulgtes deltagerne op i et år med (PROMs- patient –rapporteret spørgeskema ) pr. mail hver 3. måned fra den dato som de har fået deres primære forstuvning.Først er der blevet lavet en beskrivelse af hele de opsamlende resultater. Derefter er der blevet lavt en forhold studie analyse, med to følgende teste: Spearmans Rank koffient. Hvis de klinisk tegne og ultralydes fund ligament skader har en p-værdi der er under 0.05 så valgt vi at gå videre og lave en anden statistisk test, som hedder multiple logistisk regression for vores binær værdier. Hvis Multiple logistisk regression har også en P-værdi under 0.05 så kan man statistisk forudsige hvilke klinisk tegn kan være markør for en bestem ledbåndsskade. Resultater: 16 kvinder og 10 mænd, og den gennemsnitlige alder var på 26,7 år, og den gennemsnitlige BMI var 26,6 (17,2-41,3) deltog.Ultralyde af ATFL trukket er 7.7%, halv overivning af ATFL 27%, og total overrivning var på 62%. Normal ATFL var på 3.85%. AiTFL trukket 15.38%, halv 15.38 helt overivning 15.38, og normalt AiTFL 54%CFL trukket 15.38, halv overrivning 23.08 og ingen har total overrivning og normal CFL 62%. Medial side 35% fik ikke Ul af deres ledbånd pga. ingen medial symptomer og undersøgelse var positiv, og mens 54 havde normal ledbånd og 12 vist anormalitet. To kliniske tegn statistisk har en sammenhæng og multipel logistisk regressions analyse bekræftede resultaterne. Med UL undersøgelse af en bekræftede halv overivning af ATFL og normal CFL. Ømhed ved AiTFL når man klinisk palperer ledbånd, og det viser ved halv overrivning af ATFL. Normal CFL bekræftet af Ul undersøgelse forudsiger at patienter med udløst smerter ved aktiv planter fleksion af anklen har en normal bekræftet CFL. Konklusion:Resultaterne for ATFL halv skadet forudsiger forudsiger klinisk ømhed på AiTFL og patienter præsenteret med intakt CFL rapporteret smerter under aktiv planter fleksion. De overordnede kliniske tegn og objektive undersøgelser var upålidelige faktorer til forudsige lateral (ATFL, CFL), syndesmosis (AiTFL) og medial ledbåndsskader sammenlignet med resultaterne fra Ul undersøgelsen..Background: The acute lateral ankle sprain accounts for 85% of all sprains. The lateral sprain associated with other ligament injuries, such as medial and syndesmosis sprain. In the long-term approximately 20% of the acute lateral sprain develops chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI). The definition of the chronic ankle instability is persistent pains, repeatedly ankle sprains and episodes of ankle giving away. Study aim: The aim of this study was by using the ultrasonography to evaluate with the grade of an ankle ligament injury with the purpose to correlate the injury to patient-reported questionnaires outcome. Methods: A cross-sectional study design performed from 15th of October to 26th of November. 26 subjects (18-40 years) from the emergency department who diagnosed with an ankle sprain (DS934) were invited to a clinical examination and performed a dynamic US examination of ankle ligaments within 15 days after the acute sprain. We evaluated with high frequency (15-6 MHz) ultrasonography the acute lateral ligament injuries (ATFL, CFL), syndesmosis injury ( AiTFL) and medial injury (dPT, TCt) only in participants with the positive clinical signs of medial injury. We follow participants up to one year with electronically (PROMQ) per. email sent every 3rd month from the date of the acute primary sprain. Results: 16 women and 10 men and the mean age was 26.7 years wtih the mean BMI was 26.6 (17.2-41.3) participated.Two clinical signs statistically correlated and multiple logistic regression analysis confirmed the results. Positive palpated tenderness AiTFL predicted with partial ruptured ATFL and reported pain during active plantar flexion of ankle predicted with normal CFL confirmed by the US. Conclusion: The study predicted patients with partial rupture of ATFL clinical present with tenderness at AiTFL point and patients presented with intact CFL reported pain during active plantar flexion. The overall clinical signs and physical examinations were unreliable factors to predicate lateral (ATFL, CFL), syndesmosis injuries (AiTFL) and medial ligament injuries compared with the US findings. <br/
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
OPAL STUDY OPTIMIZING PATHWAY FOR ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION
No full textIntroduktion I forbindelse med rekonstruktion af forreste korsbånd er smertestillende anvendt for at reduce-re smerterne. Vores formål var at forbedre grundlaget for den postoperative smertebehandling ved at under-søge KOOS og smertetærsklen før operationen. Yderligere at undersøge de vivo metaboliske ændringer i skeletmuskulaturen.Metode 6 patienter (alder 19-32) med forreste korsbåndsskader var inkluderet i det prospektive kohorte stu-die fra den 19. oktober til den 7. december 2015. Patienterne gennemgik standard proceduren for rekonstruk-tion af forreste korsbånd. Før operation skulle patienterne udfylde spørgeskemaer for KOOS, EQ-5D-5L and PainDetect. Yderligere blev smertetærsklen og smertesensibiliteten undersøgt vha. et digitalt trykalgometer og et smertesimuli påført af en mekanisk klemme. Mikrodialyse blev brugt til at undersøge det vivo metaboliske ændring i skeletmuskulaturen gennem operati-onen Glukose, laktat, pyruvat, glycerol and laktate/pyruvate-ratio blev brugt som indikatorer for iskæmi i muskelvævet.Resultater I fire af fem KOOS subskaler reporterede forreste korsbånds patienter signifikant dårligere sammenlignet med den raske befolkningen. EQ-5D-5L viste xx. PD-Q før operationen viste at smerterne var nociceptive smerte. Før operationen patienterne angav høje værdier for smertetærsklen og der var ingen signifikante for-skelle på smertetærsklerne efter at der var blevet påført smertestimuli med den mekaniske klemme. Mikrodialyse viste høje stigninger i koncentrationerne af glycerol og L/P-ratio gennem operationen. Diskussion Med vores resultater fra KOOS, smertetærskelmålingerne og mikrodialyse, er der grundlag for en forbedring af smertebehandlingen. Der er stadig mange aspekter der skal undersøges før at vi kan lave en definitiv kon-klusion. Objectives In the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) painkillers is used to reduce the amount of pain. Our aim was to improve the basis for postoperative paint treatment using KOOS and the pain threshold before surgery. Further investigate the vivo metabolic changes in the skeletal muscle.Methods 6 patients (age 19-32) with ACL lesion were included in the prospective cohort study from 19th October to 7th December 2015. The patients underwent the standard procedure for reconstruction of the ACL. Before surgery patients reported KOOS, EQ-5D-5L and PainDetect Questionnaires. Further the pain threshold and pain sensibility were investigated with a digital pressure pain threshold algometer (PPT) and the pain stimulus from a mechanic spring-clamp (MSC). MiD was used to investigate the vivo metabolic changes in the skeletal muscle tissue during the surgery and shortly after. Glucose, lactate, pyruvate and glycerol and lactate/pyruvate ratio (L/P ratio) was used as indicators of tissue ischemia. Results In four of the five KOOS subscales the ACL lesion patients scored significantly worse compared to the ref-erence population. EQ-5D-5L showed xx. PD-Q preoperative showed that the pain was nociceptive pain. Preoperatively patients reported high pressure point threshold (PPT) and there were none significant differ-ence before and after applying the pain stimulus.Microdialysis showed highly increase of the concentration of glycerol and L/P-ratio (lactate/pyruvate-ratio) during the operation. Discussion With our results from KOOS, pain threshold and microdialysis, there is a basis for an improvement the pain management. There are still many aspects that needed to be investigated before we can make a definitive conclusion. Key words ACL reconstruction, microdialysis, pain threshold, KOOS, EQ-5D, PainDetect<br/
Identifying Perioperative Risk factors for Ninety Days Mortality, Reoperation and Length of Stay in Orthopedic Surgery: Risk Evaluation in Orthopedic Surgery
No full textBackground: Several patient, surgeon and health system risk factors have been associated with outcomes like mortality, length of stay and reoperations in previous literature. Yet, some risk factors are still being investigated in regards to their ability to predict certain outcomes and others are still not investigated. This study’s aims were to investigate and identify existing as well as new risk factors, which may be used as predictors for mortality, length of stay and reoperations. Method: A cohort study was designed with screening of all orthopedic patients admitted to Aalborg University Hospital from 1st August 2014 – 31th of October 2014. Only patients who underwent orthopedic surgery and who we could follow-up 3 months after the inclusion period were included in the study. Demographic and clinical patient data were collected during the inclusion and follow-up period by use of the internal hospital journal software Clinical Suite. Patient variables collected were: Gender, age (years), BMI (kg/m2), admission type (acute/elective), Charlson Index score, diagnose type (hip fracture/other orthopedic diagnose), time to surgery (days), operation time (minutes), reoperation, prescribed rehabilitation plan, early rehabilitation, length of stay (days), 90-days mortality and comorbidities (heart disease, arrhyth-mia, hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypercholesterolemia, kidney insufficiency, neurological disease, history of apoplexy, depression). The outcome variables, mor-tality, length of stay and reoperations, were analyzed by multiple- and logistic regression. Results: Nine hundred and seventy patients were admitted in the inclusion period, of these 663 patients were included in the study. Rehabilitation plan (p < .05), Charlson Index score > 3 (p < .001), age (p < .05) and history of apoplexy (p < .05) were significant predictors of 90-days mortality. Hip fracture (p < .05), operation time (p < .001), age (p < .05) and diabetes (p < .001) were significant predictors of prolonged length of stay. Lastly, elective admission (p < .05), depresssion (p < .05) and kidney insufficiency (p < .05) were significant predictors of reoperation. Conclusion: Charlson Index score > 3, increased age and a history of apoplexy are potential predictors for increased risk of 90-days mortality. Patients prescribed a rehabilitation plan have a decreased risk of 90-days mortality. Patients having either hip fracture, long operation time, increased age or diabetes may be at risk for prolonged length of stay. Having depression, kidney insufficiency or being electively admitted may predict the occurrence of reoperation
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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