1,721,601 research outputs found
Diabetic Nephropathy. In:Brenner & Rector's The Kidney, 10th editionElsevierISBN: 978-1-4557-4836-5, vol1, 1283-132. Rossing P, Fioretto p, Felt-Rasmussen B, Parving H-H.
No full textAcoustic classification of dwellings - A comparison between national schemes in Europe and the situation in the U.S
No full textSchemes for the classification of dwellings according to different building performances have been proposed in the last years worldwide. The general idea behind these schemes relates to the positive impact a higher label, and thus a better performance, should have. In particular, focusing on sound insulation performance, national schemes for sound classification of dwellings have been developed in several European countries. These schemes define acoustic classes according to different levels of sound insulation. Due to the lack of coordination among countries, a significant diversity in terms of descriptors, number of classes, and class intervals occurred between national schemes. However, a proposal "acoustic classification scheme for dwellings" has been developed recently in the European COST Action TU0901 with 32 member countries. This proposal has been accepted as an ISO work item. This paper compares sound classification schemes in Europe with the current situation in the United States. Economic evaluations related to the technological choices necessary to achieve different sound classification classes are also discussed. The hope is that a common sound classification scheme may facilitate exchanging experiences about constructions fulfilling different classes, reducing trade barriers, and finally increasing the sound insulation of dwellings
A comparison between national scheme for the acoustic classification of dwellings in Europe and in the U.S
No full textThe classification of dwellings according to different building performances has been proposed through many schemes worldwide in recent years. The general idea behind these schemes relates to the positive impact a higher label, and thus a better performance, should have. In particular, focusing on sound insulation performance, national schemes for sound classification of dwellings have been developed in several European countries. These schemes define acoustic classes according to different levels of sound insulation. Due to the lack of coordination among countries, a significant diversity in terms of , number of classes, and class intervals occurred between national schemes. However, a proposal "acoustic classification scheme for dwellings" has been developed recently in the European COST Action TU0901 with 32 member countries. This proposal has been accepted as an ISO work item. This paper compares sound classification schemes in Europe with the current situation in the United States. Economic evaluations related to the technological choices necessary to achieve different sound classification classes are also discussed. The hope is that a common sound classification scheme may facilitate exchanging experiences about constructions fulfilling different classes, reducing trade barriers, and finally increasing the sound insulation of dwellings
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Evolución del marco normativo internacional en acústica de la edificación
No full textPor fin en pleno siglo XXI la sociedad es consciente de la necesidad de incluir los conceptos de sostenibilidad y eficiencia energética en el sector de la edificación. Gracias a que existe un amplio consenso internacional, la mayor parte de los países desarrollados han establecido fechas límite a partir de las cuales todos los edificios nuevos deberán tener un consumo de energía casi nulo y para ello están desarrollando políticas y medidas financieras orientadas a cumplir los objetivos previstos. Así mismo, existe una gran preocupación a nivel internacional sobre el problema de la contaminación acústica desde el punto de vista medioambiental y también se han desarrollado políticas y medidas financieras destinadas conocer, valorar y mitigar el problema del ruido ambiental.
En Europa las Directivas 2010/31/UE relativa a la eficiencia energética de los edificios y 2002/49/CE sobre evaluación y gestión del ruido ambiental desarrollan la política comunitaria en ambos aspectos.
Sin embargo, el ruido en nuestras viviendas parece ser un tema “olvidado”. Si se observa el panorama internacional, existen muchos países en los que actualmente no existe legislación al respecto, y la que existe difiere sensiblemente de unos países a otros. Es precisamente el problema del ruido en las viviendas lo que ha motivado que tanto desde la red COST TU0901 (http://www.costtu0901.eu/) como desde el Comité ISO TC43/SC2 (acústica en la edificación) se esté investigando acerca de procedimientos alternativos de medida y evaluación del aislamiento acústico así como sobre la posible creación de un sistema de clasificación acústica de viviendas que pudiera ser adoptada a nivel internacional.
Se trata pues de motivar el debate sobre la conveniencia de desarrollar políticas comunes en materia de Acústica de Edificios que pudieran ser integradas con las directrices relativas a la eficiencia energética de edificios y que a la postre redundaran en un beneficio a la sociedad y al ciudadano tanto en lo que a consumo energético respecta como en lo relativo a salud, confort y bienestar en el hogar
Building acoustics throughout Europe. Volume 2: Housing and construction types country by country
No full textThis book covering key aspects of building acoustic construction for dwellings found in 31 countries is the second volume of “Towards a common framework in European building acoustics”. It represents some of the main discussions and gathering of data undertaken by Working Group 3 (WG3) of COST Action TU0901 and also participating country members from WG1 and WG2
Futuro marco normativo en Europa en acústica de la edificación
No full textLa Unión Europea nace para propiciar la integración y gobernanza en común de los estados y los pueblos de Europa. Además de crear un marco legislativo que asegure la libre circulación de ciudadanos, bienes, y servicios, se ha creado una política común en muchos otros aspectos tales como el mercado, la agricultura, la pesca... El ruido ambiental ha sido también abordado por la normativa europea y es deseable que en algún momento se aborde el problema del ruido en las viviendas.
Es precisamente el problema del ruido en las viviendas lo que ha motivado que tanto desde la red COST TU0901 (http://www.costtu0901.eu/) como desde el Comité ISO TC43/SC2 (acústica en la edificación) se esté investigando acerca de procedimientos alternativos de medida y evaluación del aislamiento acústico in situ así como de estimación de la correspondiente incertidumbre (modificaciones a las actuales normas UNE EN ISO 140-4, 5 y 7; UNE EN ISO 717 y EN 20140-2 respectivamente). Se está trabajando así mismo sobre la posible creación de un sistema de clasificación acústica de viviendas que pudiera ser adoptada por todos los estados miembro. Todos los cambios normativos recientemente aprobados o en vías de desarrollo tendrán consecuencias sin duda positivas para el usuario de las viviendas, pero requerirán de un esfuerzo adicional por parte de todos los agentes implicados en el sector de la construcción, desde la fase de proyecto hasta la de ejecución
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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