934 research outputs found
On the Anatomy of the ‘Hook’ Region of the Human Cochlea and How It Relates to Cochlear Implantation
No full textBackground: The optimal insertion route for an electrode array in hearing preservation cochlear implantation (CI) sur- gery is still tentative. Both cochleostomy (CO) and round window (RW) techniques are used today. In the present study we analyzed size variations and topographic anatomy of the ‘hook’ region of the human cochlea to better compre- hend the Testo effects of various electric array insertion modes. Material and Methods: Size variations of the cochle- ar ‘hook’ region were assessed in 23 human, microdissected temporal bones by measuring the distances between the oval and round windows, also outlining the spiral ligament/ spiral lamina. Influence of size variations on spiral ligament position and fundamentals for different surgical approaches were evaluated in a subset of ‘small’ and ‘large’ cochleae per- forming different types of CO. In addition, the relationship between the microdissected accessory canal housing the inferior cochlear vein and the RW was analyzed. Results: The lateral vestibular wall and the cochlear ‘hook’ displayed large anatomic variations that greatly influenced the size of the potential surgical area. Results showed that only very inferi- orly located CO entered the scala tympani without causing trauma to the spiral ligament and spiral lamina. An inferior approach may challenge the inferior cochlear vein. Conclu- sion: Preoperative assessment of the distance between the round and oval windows may direct the surgeon before CI hearing-preservation surgery. CO techniques, especially in ‘small’ ears, may lead to frequent damage to the inner ear structures. In those cases with substantial residual hearing, CI surgery may be better performed through a RW approach
Does severe water deprivation affect the inner ear? An experimental study of the gerbilline endolymphatic sac.
No full text
The surface morphology of the endolymphatic sac of the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) (a scanning electron microscopic study).
No full textTurnover of sulphur compounds in the endolymphatic sac: an autoradiographic study in the Mongolian gerbil
No full textTRAVELING COMPANIONS: BICENTENARY LITERARY ADAPTATIONS OF H. C. ANDERSEN TALES
Get PDFAdaptation is broadly defined, encompassing the re-working of virtually any
kind of text into virtually any other kind of text. Moreover, it frequently involves
the re-mediation of texts into entirely new forms. Even so, seemingly simple text-totext
adaptation of texts already frequently subject to adaptation can challenge both
traditional and theoretical concepts of adaptation. Such was the case with a major
Danish literary project undertaken in 2005.
Danish State Railways, Dansk statsbaner (DSB) commissioned a series of
adaptations of Hans Christian Andersen tales to be published in the DSB onboard
magazine Ud & Se [Out & See] to commemorate the two-hundredth anniversary of
H. C. Andersen’s birth. Resulting from the project were twelve original stories by twelve
Danish authors: Pia Juul, Jan Sonnergaard, Ib Michael, Iselin Hermann, Preben Major
Sørensen, Suzanne Brøgger, Bent Vinn Nielsen, Peter Laugesen, Kristian Ditlev Jensen,
Lars Frost, Erling Jepsen, and Naja Marie Aidt. Each author adapted a different Andersen
work, ranging from classics including “Den grimme ælling” [The Ugly Duckling], “Den
lille havfrue” [The Little Mermaid], and “Kejserens nye klæder” [The Emperor’s New
Clothes], to more obscure works such as “Dandse, dandse dukke min!” [Dance, Dance,
My Doll!]. Issued in book form as Reisekammeraten og andre H. C. Andersen-historier
i nye klæder [The Traveling Companion and Other H. C. Andersen Tales in New
Clothes] (Copenhagen, 2005), the collection demonstrates a wide range of approaches
to adaptation that seem to stretch the definition of adaptation to its limits
Domain-Oriented Conversation with H. C. Andersen
No full textThis paper describes the first running prototype of a system for domain-oriented spoken conversation with life-like animated fairy tale author Hans Christian Andersen. Following a brief description of the system architecture, we present our approach to the highly interrelated issues of making Andersen life-like, capable of domain-oriented conversation, and affective. The paper concludes with a brief report on the recently completed first user test
Internalization of nanoparticles into spiral ganglion cells
No full textThe delivery of drugs or genes to the inner ear in a controlled and biocompatible manner could lead to new treatmentsfor conditions such as Ménière’s disease, tinnitus, schwannomas of the ear, and for improving hearing.The concept of multifunctional nanoparticles, which are targetable, biodegradable, and traceable, has led to newapproaches to controlled drug release and localized delivery to specific cell populations. Tissue-specific deliverycan be achieved by functionally “addressed” nanostructures loaded with a therapeutic molecule. In the presentstudy, we investigated the incorporation, distribution, and toxicology of amphiphilic block copolymer nanoparticles(NPs) in spiral ganglion (SG) cell cultures. Adult human and guinea pig SG neurons and glia/Schwanndissociated cell cultures were expanded, grown for several weeks, and then studied live using time-lapse videomicroscopy and high-resolution light microscopy. The cells were further characterized using immunocytochemistryfor the neural marker TuJ1 and the glia cell markers S-100 and GFAP, and their morphology was studiedin more detail using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These cell cultures were exposed to fluorescently(Dil)-loaded NPs for different time periods and at different concentrations, and the uptake was studied usingfluorescence microscopy. The study demonstrates that DiI-loaded NPs can be internalized into guinea pig SGneurons as well as into human and guinea pig SG glia/Schwann cells without indication of toxicity or reducedviability. After 4 hours, almost 100% of both the neurons and the glia cells had incorporated the NPs into thecytoplasm. No uptake could be detected in the nucleus and no evidence of internalization could be seen inaxons or in the growth cone area of the neuron. Especially in the glia cells, the NPs were detected in smallvesicles surrounding the nucleus and occasionally in the periphery of the cytoplasm. This information could leadto the development of more specialized NPs, targeting only SG neurons or Schwann cells
Female characters in the artistics tales of H. C. Andersen
No full textQuesta tesi affronta il tema dei personaggi femminili nei racconti artistici Dello scrittore danese Hans Christian Andersen. Si apre con l’introduzione alla letteratura per l’infanziae dei suoi sottogeneri, per poi concentrarsi soprattutto sulle fiabe e sui racconti artistici. Il grande protagonista di questa tesina è Hans Christian Andersen che con il suo meraviglioso lavoro è riuscito a creare una letteratura tutta sua: il racconto artistico. Andersen è uno scrittore danese che grazie alla sua fantasia e volontà, è riuscito a trovare un posto di spicco nella letteratura per l’infanzia scrivendo fiabe per bambini. Le sue fiabe sono del tutto speciali e uniche. Gli elementi dei racconti di Andersen sono talmente reali che il bambino può immedesimarsi in almeno uno dei suoi personaggi. Andersen ha dato anima e corpo per il suo lavoro, in quanto tutti i suoi sentimenti vengono trascritti al punto da creare un’espressione letteraria senza eguali, rendendolo un vero scrittore d’arte. Nonostante la sua fama mondiale, l’autore aveva una vita sentimentale poco appagante in quanto i suoi amori non venivano ricambiati.Tutto questo rammarico veniva trasformato in vendetta, ponendo i personaggi femminili dei suoi racconti in situazioni terrificanti. Le situazioni vissute da Andersen fecero sì che le sue eroine pagassero per tutte le delusioni amorose accadutegli nella vita reale. In tutta questa “storia triste”, Andersen è riuscito a dimostrare al lettore che la vita è piena d’ingiustizie e che non è sempre tutto è “rose e fiori”. L’autore vuole che il bambino risolva i problemi della vita con fantasia e pazienza. L’unicità dei suoi racconti consiste proprio nella sua capacità di immedesimarsi nel bambino. Il suo avvicinamento alla psiche del bambino -ancora in fase di sviluppo -è senza paure. L’autore riesce a portare il lettore nel suo mondo, dove la realtà può essere percepita in un contesto del tutto fiabesco. Andersen, dunque, verrà sempre ricordato per la sua narrativa e per l’avvicinamento al bambino come mai fatto prima. Grazie a tutto ciò, l’autore è riuscito a crearsi un posto nell’immortalità letteraria.Završni rad obrađuje tematiku ženskih likova u umjetničkim pripovijetkama danskoga pisca Hansa Christiana Andersena. Rad započinje uvodom u dječju književnost i njenim podžanrovima, a potom se usredotočuje na bajke i umjetničke pripovijetke. Andersenov čudesni opus stvorio je posebnu vrstu književnoga djela: umjetničku pripovijetku. Riječ je o autoru koji je, zahvaljujući upornosti i mašti, zauzeo istaknuto mjesto u dječjoj književnosti pišući nadasve posebne i jedinstvene bajke za djecu. Realistični elementi njegovih pripovijetki omogućavaju djetetu poistovjećivanje s njegovim likovima. Andersen je vrhunski pisac koji se dušom i tijelom posvetio svome radu, a njegovi su osjećaji preslikani u pripovijetkama, čime je stvoren jedinstveni književni izričaj bez premca. Andersen nije imao sreće u ljubavi, unatoč svjetskoj slavi. Gorčina koju je osjećao pretvorio je u svojevrsnu osvetu prema drugom spolu, pa su se upravo zbog toga ženski likovi u njegovim pričama često suočavali sa strašnim stvarima. Junakinje njegovih djela plaćale bi danak za sve ljubavne jade koje je pisac proživljavao u stvarnom životu. Andersen je u tom „tužnom kontekstu“ uspio dokazati čitatelju da je život pun nepravde te da nije uvijek sve med i mlijeko. Pisac želi potaknuti dijete da svoje životne probleme rješava kroz maštu i sa strpljenjem. Njegove su pripovijetke jedinstvene upravo zahvaljujući autorovoj sposobnosti da se poistovjeti s djetetom. Andersen prilazi bez straha djetetovoj psihi u razvoju, a time ujedno uvlači čitatelja u svijet gdje je zbilju moguće percipirati u nadasve bajkovitom kontekstu. Andersen će zauvijek biti zapamćen po svom maštovitom izričaju i po približavanju djetetu kao nitko prije. Zahvaljujući svemu tome, autor je uspješno zauzeo svoje mjesto u književnoj vječnosti.This thesis deals with the female characters in the artistic tales of the Danish writer Hans Christian Andersen. It opens with the introduction to children’s literature and its subgenres, and then focuses mainly on fairy tales and artistic stories. Andersen's remarkable opus has succeeded in creating a specific literary form: the artistic story. Thanks to his own will and imagination, the author assumed a prominent place in children's literature by writing unique and special fairy tales for children. The elements of his narrative are so real that the child can identify himself with at least one of his characters. Andersen was a superb writer who devoted himself to his work with heart and soul, since all his feelings were projected into his narrative, thus creating a unique and unmatched literary expression. Andersen had no luck in love, despite his worldwide fame. The bitterness he felt turned into a kind of revenge against the other sex, which is why the female characters in his stories often face terrible situations. Thus, his heroines pay for all the woes he experienced in real life. In this "unhappy context", Andersen succeeded in showing the reader that life is full of injustices and that not everything is always a bed of roses. The author wants the child to solve life's problems with imagination and patience. The uniqueness of his tales consists in his ability to identify himself with the child. Andersen approaches the child's developing psyche without any fear, bringing the reader into a world where reality can be perceived in a fairy-tale context. Therefore, Andersen will always be remembered for his fantastic narrative and the way he approached the child like no one before. Thanks to that, he is considered to be one of the best authors of children’s literature
- …
