1,720,961 research outputs found
Aging effects on recycled WMA porous asphalt mixtures
No full textNowadays, the use of reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) is often combined with Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) technologies with several benefits in terms of environment, cost and mechanical performance. Concerns still exist related to in-service and aging characteristics of warm recycled mixtures since WMA technologies have been developed over the last decade and hence long term performance data are not available yet. The objective of this experimental study is to evaluate the aging effect on recycled porous asphalt (PA) mixtures produced at reduced temperatures using different WMA additives (organic, chemical and zeolite) and including 15% of RAP. In this sense, long term aging was simulated in the laboratory on compacted specimens by means of the Viennese Aging Procedure (VAPro). Rheological properties of the extracted bitumen samples were measured in order to evaluate possible links between bitumen and mixtures performance. As far as mixtures are concerned, stiffness tests were carried out before and after aging, whereas fatigue resistance was evaluated on long term aged mixtures to compare long term performance of HMA and WMA porous asphalt. Mixtures as well as bitumens results showed that the lower aging process that WMA mixtures undergo during production affects mixtures stiffness at the beginning of service life. Only the presence of the organic additive increases the stiffness of WMA bitumens and mixtures due to the crystalline network structure that forms in the bitumen. On the other hand, extensive long term aging effects were measured in case of WMA mixtures. Nonetheless, overall fatigue results showed that long term fatigue performance of WMA mixtures are not significantly affected compared to HMA regardless of WMA additive types
A procedure for characterizing the curing process of cold recycled bitumen emulsion mixtures
No full textDue to the presence of water, emulsion and cement, cold recycled mixtures (CRM) are evolutive materials and thus require a certain curing time to develop their long-term properties. The present study describes a laboratory approach for characterizing the properties of CRM, focusing on their evolutive behaviour. The experimental activities were carried out in parallel at the École de technologie supérieure (ÉTS) in Montréal, Canada and at the Università Politecnica delle Marche in Ancona (UNIVPM), Italy. The evolution of water loss by evaporation and indirect tensile strength (ITS) was measured and analyzed using the Michalis-Menten model, in order to achieve a quantitative characterization of the curing process. The results showed that different dosages of water resulted in different rates of water loss by evaporation, but did not penalize the development of ITS. Moreover, for both CRM, a good correlation was found between water loss and ITS. Finally, the data showed that after 28 days of curing in the selected laboratory conditions, the evaporation process was virtually completed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Cement-bitumen treated materials (CBTM) for cold regions: RAP aggregate source and low production temperatures
Full text linkThe increase of asphalt price due to the energy crisis of the last years drove the development of cost-effective asphalt pavement recycling technologies. The limited availability of natural aggregates, the growing awareness about the environment and the increasing costs for handling milled materials, required innovative sustainable technics, such as cold in-place recycling (CIR) and the reuse of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). In this context, cement-bitumen treated materials (CBTM) ensure benefits in terms of reliability, cost effectiveness and environmental sustainability. The main difference between CBTM and Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) is that the lubricant effect in the first is given mostly by the water, while in the second case it is given by the heated bitumen. At the same time, the cohesion of CBTM is granted by the cooperation of bitumen emulsion (or foamed bitumen) and cement as binding agents. Since the RAP aggregate are the major component of the aggregate volume, it is believed that a study on the effect of different RAP sources is needed to improve the mix design process. Moreover, field experience shows that CBTM laydown at low temperatures (during cold seasons) seems to suffer a loss in mechanical properties. Hence, the main objective of this thesis is to understand the effect of RAP sources and of low production temperatures on CBTM properties. Results have shown that the RAP source does influence several CBTM properties. In fact, the RAP binder characteristics, as well as its affinity with the residual bitumen used in the emulsion, affect the properties of cold recycled materials not only during production (workability and compactability), but also during and after the curing period, where influence on the mechanical properties in the small strain and large strain domains were observed. Furthermore, the bitumen emulsion characteristics influence the production process at low temperatures. Results showed that the production of such materials at 5 °C (intended as mixing, transportation, laydown, compaction and curing) was possible. In this way the time available for production during the year increases, but, on the other hand, a stiffness loss of 30% was observed compared to mixtures produced at 25 °C. This should be taken into account during pavement design
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