130,384 research outputs found
An analysis of the effects of sharing research data, code, and preprints on citations
No full textCalls to make scientific research more open have gained traction with a range of societal stakeholders. Open Science practices include but are not limited to the early sharing of results via preprints and openly sharing outputs such as data and code to make research more reproducible and extensible. Existing evidence shows that adopting Open Science practices has effects in several domains. In this study, we investigate whether adopting one or more Open Science practices leads to significantly higher citations for an associated publication, which is one form of academic impact. We use a novel dataset known as Open Science Indicators, produced by PLOS and DataSeer, which includes all PLOS publications from 2018 to 2023 as well as a comparison group sampled from the PMC Open Access Subset. In total, we analyze circa 122'000 publications. We calculate publication and author-level citation indicators and use a broad set of control variables to isolate the effect of Open Science Indicators on received citations. We show that Open Science practices are adopted to different degrees across scientific disciplines. We find that the early release of a publication as a preprint correlates with a significant positive citation advantage of about 20.2% (+/-.7) on average. We also find that sharing data in an online repository correlates with a smaller yet still positive citation advantage of 4.3% (+/-.8) on average. However, we do not find a significant citation advantage for sharing code. Further research is needed on additional or alternative measures of impact beyond citations. Our results are likely to be of interest to researchers, as well as publishers, research funders, and policymakers
Temporal abnormalities in children with developmental dyscalculia
No full textRecent imaging studies have associated Developmental dyscalculia (DD) to structural and functional alterations corresponding Parietal and the Prefrontal cortex (PFC). Since these areas were shown also to be involved in timing abilities, we hypothesized that time processing is abnormal in DD. We compared time processing abilities between 10 children with pure DD (8 years old) and 11 age-matched healthy children. Results show that the DD group underestimated duration of a sub-second scale when asked to perform a time comparison task. The timing abnormality observed in our DD participants is consistent with evidence of a shared fronto-parietal neural network for representing time and quantity. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Temporal abnormalities in children with developmental dyscalculia
No full textRecent imaging studies have associated Developmental dyscalculia (DD) to structural and functional alterations corresponding Parietal and the Prefrontal cortex (PFC). Since these areas were shown also to be involved in timing abilities, we hypothesized that time processing is abnormal in DD. We compared time processing abilities between 10 children with pure DD (8 years old) and 11 age-matched healthy children. Results show that the DD group underestimated duration of a sub-second scale when asked to perform a time comparison task. The timing abnormality observed in our DD participants is consistent with evidence of a shared fronto-parietal neural network for representing time and quantity
L’Athlète Rappo et son fils habillé en singe : À la manière de Klischnigg dans Sisiphus , pantomime donnée à Vienne
No full textLithographie en couleur, 100 x 70 cmPour donner un caractère singulier aux exercices acrobatiques, il est coutumier au début du XIX e siècle de les associer à des silhouettes animales. La vogue des singes, notamment avec le célèbre Jocko incarné par Mazurier, a offert aux acrobates imaginatifs de nouvelles possibilités pour agrémenter leurs prouesses. Ces interprétations se sont aussi bien épanouies de manière individuelle, la fourrure de l’animal incarné fonctionnant alors comme un simple costume, qu’en s’intégrant dans des pantomimes. La créature factice s’impose dès lors plutôt comme un personnage à part entière, constitutif de l’intrigue. Apparenté au général-comte d’Empire Jean Rapp, Charles Rapp (1800-1854), célèbre homme fort de l’époque, fait carrière sous le surnom de Rappo. Qualifié par Signor Domino d’ «Athlète romantique par excellence », Rappo est représenté ici avec son fils François (1826-1874), équilibriste et contorsionniste, dans une scène de la pièce Sisiphus où, pour les besoins de la représentation, l’agilité d’un petit primate est exacerbée par la virtuosité du jeune acrobate et amplifiée par la puissance du porteur qui soutient l’échelle à la force de sa mâchoire. Hercule et jongleur de force, fauché en pleine santé par le typhus lors d’un engagement à Moscou, Carl Rappo s’était produit avec succès dans plusieurs cirques européens. La légende en bas de l’image spécifie littéralement : « Imitateur de Klischnigg » [ Nachahmer Klischnigg ]. La mention à Klischnigg a pour origine la consécration au théâtre d’un homme-caoutchouc aussi célèbre en Autriche que l’avait été Mazurier à Paris : le Britannique Eduard Klischnig, né à Londres en 1813, et dont la carrière s’est vraiment réalisée à Vienne où il arrive en 1835. Il incarne désormais dans les différents théâtres viennois des rôles vedettes de singe mais aussi de grenouille, dans des pièces écrites par Nestroy ou Carl Dolt. Il y décède en 1877 mais son nom, employé au pluriel – Klischniggs – continue depuis le milieu du XIX e siècle à annoncer des contorsions spectaculaires dans les divers programmes de spectacles. Sources : - Eduard Klischnigg dans le Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon (en allemand). - Signor Domino, Wandernde Künstler , Berlin, S. Fischer, 1891, p. 169-210. - Alwill Raeder, Der Circus Renz in Berlin, 1846-1896 , Berlin, 1897, p. 50 et 73.téléchargeabl
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
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