1,720,969 research outputs found
Characterising key issues in human–environment interactions in Lombardy (N-Italy) from the Middle Paleolithic to the Iron Age
No full textThis contribution aims to provide an updated and concise overview of the main events and developments characterising the interaction between human communities and their environment in Lombardy (Northern Italy) between the Middle Paleolithic and the Late Iron Age (60,000 to 2,100 years cal BP). Within the above defined geographic and chronological context, our main goal is to highlight and summarise the role of natural factors in the development of human history, both over the long durée and within defined periods. We provide a short history of the ecosystems and socio-ecological systems in Lombardy, for which – thanks to the contribution of several research groups and scholars active in the region – we analyse specific key issues. These analyses are facilitated by chronostratigraphic tables and GIS-based cartography, and introduced by an overview of the climatic changes that affected Alpine and Po Plain landscapes across the Last Glaciation and subsequent Late Glacial times, up to the shortlasting events which influenced the development of Holocene civilisations. The structure and significance of the issues introduced in the overview will be discussed by individual research groups working within this study are
Le « Lavagnone » de Desenzano del Garda (BS)
No full textAprès un historique des recherches menées depuis 1974 dans la cuvette lacustre du Lavagnone afin de comprendre la dynamique de peuplement du site en liaison avec les variations climatiques et environnementales, les Auteurs présentent l’organisation du village et les aspects architecturaux des habitations (chemin de planches, palissades, supports de plates-formes…) au cours des différentes phases du Bronze ancien I et II, et mettent en évidence une occupation alternée des zones proches du plan d’eau (palafitte) et des zones riveraines situées à une cote plus élevée.Longhi Cristina, Mangani Claudia, Rapi Marta, Sidoli Candida. Le « Lavagnone » de Desenzano del Garda (BS). In: Architectures protohistoriques en Europe occidentale du Néolithique final à l'âge du Fer. Actes du 127e Congrès national des sociétés historiques et scientifiques, « Le travail et les hommes », Nancy, 2002. Paris : Editions du CTHS, 2005. pp. 481-486. (Actes du Congrès national des sociétés savantes, 127
From environmental proxy to archaeological evidence: A multi-disciplinary approach to landscape and settlement history in the Leventina and the Ticino Alpine valleys
No full textWhile we are used to rely on archaeological features and finds to evidence human settlement and activity, there is a series of environmental proxies from soils, vegetation history, and floral or faunal remains that provide indirect and mostly off-site clues to human presence and impact on the natural environment. Landscape history can thus be built from both archaeological and environmental data; however, the two are not always in good accordance. Taking the site of Airolo-Madrano, the Leventina and Ticino Alpine valleys and their wider setting as an example, a multi-disciplinary research program investigated the evidence for prehistoric settlement and the relationship between human activities and environmental transformations in the years 2004–12. Archaeological information was gathered from archival sources, extensive and intensive survey activities, as well as archaeological excavations; vegetation history relied on pollen, macrofossil and charcoal signals in sediment cores, as well as on archaeobotanical and anthracological analysis of soil samples and settlement strata for subsistence activities. A large series of radiocarbon dates provided a reliable chronological framework, ranging from early postglacial to post-medieval periods, with a priority on the younger prehistoric periods. We focus on the pause and pulse signals obtained from the various environmental proxies and the chronological distribution of the archaeological evidence. There is only partial overlap of the different data, and apparent contradictions between e.g., proxies for agricultural activity and a total lack of archaeological finds, such as in the Neolithic, or the obvious time shift between valley-bottom and subalpine sites in certain phases of the Bronze and Iron ages, leave ample room for the discussion of methodological and source-based problems. GIS-based models provide powerful visualization opportunities in these contexts
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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