1,720,962 research outputs found
Two futures: financial and practical realities for parents of living with a life limited child
Full text linkToday more and more children are living with complex health care needs, many of these children are living with life limiting, and or threatening conditions, some are medically fragile. To live a childhood these children must live in communities and with their families. In most cases this means the child’s carers, their parents, most often their mothers, are required to undertake a great deal of the child’s care. During a project on parental coping I became aware of the ways in which parents were restructuring their working lives in order to meet the demands of the nursing and medical care needs of their children. In this paper I relate the stories we discovered in this qualitative study and discuss the tensions between parental and state’s responsibility for children, carers and the political and cultural rights and responsibilities pertaining to children’s care. I use Margret Urban Walkers ideas of expressive collaborative morality to argue that the care of life limited and life threatened children should be framed in a negotiation between the state and the carers, both informal and professional. That such an agreement should include a covenant to assist parents and siblings when a child dies to recover and adjust to their loss, in recognition of the work they have performed in caring for the child during their child’s life and their death
Why should nurses care if Heidegger was a Nazi? Pragmatics, politics and philosophy in Nursing
Full text linkNursing and nurses have become reliant on qualitative methods to understand the meaning of nursing care, and many nurse researchers use Heideggerian interpretivist phenomenology approaches. Often these nurses are unaware of Martin Heidegger’s role in the German National Socialist Party of the 1930s and his allegiance to fascist ideology. We ask can a bad person have good ideas? In line with pragmatic thinkers such as Richard Rorty, we argue that instead of value judgements on people and their ideas nurses should considered ideas as a product of a historical/social political time and space. In urging a critical political engagement we argue for a Husserlian approach. In opposition to Heidegger’s interpretivist phenomenology approach, in which the hegemony of the day is integral to the phenomena being studied, we propose that a more expressive collaborative engagement using Husserlian descriptive phenomenology approach would serve better, in encouraging a more critical engagement with how ideas are used by groups of people, how some groups might be advantaged and others disadvantaged. Our conclusion is that the separation of ideas from political social context is dangerous and nurses including nurse researchers must understand how their research ideas and methods influence and are influenced by political agendas
Reporting suspected abuse or neglect in research involving children
Full text linkIn this article, we explore the ethical issues related to the reporting of suspected abuse or neglect in research involving children. Ethical dilemmas related to reporting child maltreatment are often complex because the rights of children and their adult caregivers may conflict and determinations of abuse or neglect are socially constructed judgments that depend on particular circumstances. We argue that when reporting is legally mandated, investigators must follow the law and report their suspicions to Child Protective Services. When reporting is not legally mandated, investigators still have an ethical obligation to report to help prevent additional maltreatment and allow children to obtain access to services needed to recover from abuse or neglect. We also argue that investigators should include plans and procedures in the research protocol for making reports and training research staff in recognising evidence of child abuse or neglect. Although investigators should report evidence of abuse or neglect that is discovered incidentally, they have no mandate to actively search for such evidence when it is not related to the study’s objectives. Investigators should also inform parents and children about their obligations to report suspected abuse or neglect
Palliative and end of life care for a child: understanding parents’ coping strategies.
Full text linkAim: Understanding of coping strategies that parents use before the death of their child is crucial, and will enable us to best provide support. The current study aimed to explore parents’ coping strategies, and map these onto an existing theoretical framework. Methods: Bereaved parents and parents of a child with a life‐limiting/threatening condition were interviewed to investigate coping strategies, recruited through Intensive Care Units (2 Neonatal, 2 Paediatric, 1 Paediatric Cardiac), and a children’s hospice. Analysis focused on coping strategies, and mapping these onto the framework. Results: 24 parents of 20 children were interviewed, and identified Parents use a variety of coping strategies (n=25) such as humour, staying positive, advocating and staying strong for others, expressing emotions and preparing, while also living life to the full, supported by others. The themes were successfully mapped onto the theoretical framework, which focuses on the constructs of approach and avoidance, as well as coping for self and others. Conclusion: The findings have provided a detailed account of the breadth and depth of coping strategies parents use, including those classed as avoidance. The strategies were successfully mapped onto the theoretical framework. Future research should investigate changes over times, and associations to negative long‐term outcomes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The social and physical environmental factors associated with the play of children living with life threatening/limiting conditions: A Q methodology study
Full text linkObjectives: Living with a life threatening/limiting condition changes and challenges children’s play. The environment is known to support participation in play, yet there is a lack of evidence highlighting its specific factors contributing the most to children’s play. The aim of this study was to investigate the perspectives of these children about the environmental factors that are related to their play at inpatient healthcare facilities. Methods: Twenty-seven children took part in this study. Participants were aged between 5y and 11y, diagnosed with life threatening/limiting conditions and were receiving care at either a children’s hospital or hospice in either both Kuwait or the UK.. Children were asked to rank-order the Q set according to their perceived importance. The Q set used in this study comprised of twenty-eight written and pictorial items of social and physical environmental factors. The data were analysed using factor analysis and content analysis. Findings: Two shared viewpoints were identified, representing children from both countries. Being surrounded by others was considered important for children to play. The children had relatively little concern for having outdoor area and for the type of play activities to engage in. An exception for this was the art and craft play activities. Conclusions: Play settings are important to support rich, social play experiences and opportunities that match their play preferences. Children living with life threatening/limiting conditions in Kuwait and the UK have relatively similar play needs
- …
